{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2077439008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/549106","title":"Hybrid Experiential-Heuristic Cognitive Radio Engine Architecture and Implementation","display_name":"Hybrid Experiential-Heuristic Cognitive Radio Engine Architecture and Implementation","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2077439008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/549106","mag":"2077439008"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2012/549106","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/549106","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jcnc/2012/549106.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764435486","display_name":"Journal of Computer Networks and Communications","issn_l":"2090-7141","issn":["2090-7141","2090-715X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computer Networks and Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jcnc/2012/549106.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056385916","display_name":"Ashwin Amanna","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ashwin Amanna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022571117","display_name":"Daniel Ali","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034821829","display_name":"David Gonzalez Fitch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Gonzalez Fitch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027348774","display_name":"Jeffrey H. Reed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-1901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey H. Reed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056385916"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1400},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1400},"fwci":4.5054,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94908691,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2012","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9754999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9535999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8402518033981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.6265937685966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-software-radio-peripheral","display_name":"Universal Software Radio Peripheral","score":0.5306597948074341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-radio","display_name":"Software-defined radio","score":0.5278013944625854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristics","display_name":"Heuristics","score":0.5097903609275818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.4751191735267639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.45669087767601013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40194064378738403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3690543472766876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.14794352650642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.12004193663597107}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8402518033981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.6265937685966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192220659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1245659","display_name":"Universal Software Radio Peripheral","level":3,"score":0.5306597948074341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171115542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331892","display_name":"Software-defined radio","level":2,"score":0.5278013944625854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.5097903609275818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.4751191735267639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.45669087767601013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40194064378738403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3690543472766876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.14794352650642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.12004193663597107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2012/549106","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/549106","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jcnc/2012/549106.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764435486","display_name":"Journal of Computer Networks and Communications","issn_l":"2090-7141","issn":["2090-7141","2090-715X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computer Networks and Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cf25d0427867471c9df98bed5d862522","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cf25d0427867471c9df98bed5d862522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computer Networks and Communications, Vol 2012 (2012)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/79010","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400248","display_name":"VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","host_organization_name":"Virginia Tech","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2012/549106","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/549106","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jcnc/2012/549106.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764435486","display_name":"Journal of Computer Networks and Communications","issn_l":"2090-7141","issn":["2090-7141","2090-715X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computer Networks and Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8213221575","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DTFR53-09-H-00021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333655","funder_display_name":"Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8611053711","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DTFR53-09-H-00021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332391","funder_display_name":"Federal Railroad Administration"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309037","display_name":"Office of Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332391","display_name":"Federal Railroad Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/0275ebj77"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333655","display_name":"Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2077439008.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2077439008.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W166146336","https://openalex.org/W1541988923","https://openalex.org/W1639032689","https://openalex.org/W1975233480","https://openalex.org/W1993489498","https://openalex.org/W2034550050","https://openalex.org/W2122859478","https://openalex.org/W2126385963","https://openalex.org/W2142654065","https://openalex.org/W2142917515","https://openalex.org/W2149539594","https://openalex.org/W2153090463","https://openalex.org/W2153812620","https://openalex.org/W2154893694","https://openalex.org/W2156286984","https://openalex.org/W2168841166","https://openalex.org/W2185204648","https://openalex.org/W2260798369","https://openalex.org/W2273735618","https://openalex.org/W2294392701","https://openalex.org/W2625034799","https://openalex.org/W2904250082"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200379864","https://openalex.org/W2749095901","https://openalex.org/W4251089492","https://openalex.org/W2162075876","https://openalex.org/W4242136067","https://openalex.org/W2887315079","https://openalex.org/W2033764231","https://openalex.org/W2545213287","https://openalex.org/W2079465364","https://openalex.org/W1989642027"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"concept":[1,122],"of":[2,80,136],"cognitive":[3,35],"radio":[4,90,94],"(CR)":[5],"focuses":[6],"on":[7,39,63,86,96],"devices":[8],"that":[9,161],"can":[10],"sense":[11],"their":[12],"environment,":[13],"adapt":[14,70],"configuration":[15],"parameters,":[16],"and":[17,46,66,113,129,154,173,196],"learn":[18],"from":[19],"past":[20,64,130],"behaviors.":[21],"Architectures":[22],"tend":[23],"towards":[24],"simplified":[25],"decision-making":[26],"algorithms":[27,44],"inspired":[28],"by":[29],"human":[30],"cognition.":[31],"Initial":[32],"works":[33],"defined":[34],"engines":[36],"(CEs)":[37],"founded":[38],"heuristics,":[40],"such":[41],"as":[42,156],"genetic":[43],"(GAs),":[45],"case-based":[47],"reasoning":[48],"(CBR)":[49],"experiential":[50],"learning":[51],"algorithms.":[52],"This":[53,74],"hybrid":[54,82],"architecture":[55,85],"enables":[56],"both":[57],"long-term":[58],"learning,":[59],"faster":[60],"decisions":[61],"based":[62],"experience,":[65],"capability":[67],"to":[68,71,119,167,176,187],"still":[69],"new":[72],"environments.":[73],"paper":[75],"details":[76],"an":[77,133],"autonomous":[78],"implementation":[79],"a":[81,87,181],"CBR-GA":[83],"CE":[84,163],"universal":[88],"serial":[89],"peripheral":[91],"(USRP)":[92],"software-defined":[93],"focused":[95],"link":[97,179],"adaptation.":[98],"Details":[99],"include":[100,123],"overall":[101],"process":[102],"flow,":[103],"case":[104],"base":[105],"structure/retrieval":[106],"method,":[107],"estimation":[108,198],"approach":[109,183],"within":[110],"the":[111,121,162,178],"GA,":[112],"hardware-software":[114],"lessons":[115],"learned.":[116],"Unique":[117],"solutions":[118],"realizing":[120],"mechanisms":[124],"for":[125,192],"combining":[126],"vector":[127],"distance":[128],"fitness":[131],"into":[132],"aggregate":[134],"quantification":[135],"similarity.":[137],"Over-the-air":[138],"performance":[139,197],"under":[140],"several":[141],"interference":[142],"conditions":[143],"is":[144,164],"measured":[145],"using":[146],"signal-to-noise":[147],"ratio,":[148],"packet":[149,174],"error":[150],"rate,":[151],"spectral":[152],"efficiency,":[153],"throughput":[155],"observable":[157],"metrics.":[158],"Results":[159],"indicate":[160],"successfully":[165],"able":[166],"autonomously":[168],"change":[169],"transmit":[170],"power,":[171],"modulation/coding,":[172],"size":[175],"maintain":[177],"while":[180],"non-cognitive":[182],"loses":[184],"connectivity.":[185],"Solutions":[186],"existing":[188],"shortcomings":[189],"are":[190],"proposed":[191],"improving":[193],"case-base":[194],"searching":[195],"methods.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}