{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1989081947","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/457590","title":"Unsupervised Neural Techniques Applied to MR Brain Image Segmentation","display_name":"Unsupervised Neural Techniques Applied to MR Brain Image Segmentation","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1989081947","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/457590","mag":"1989081947"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2012/457590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/457590","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2012/457590.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202405347","display_name":"Advances in Artificial Neural Systems","issn_l":"1687-7594","issn":["1687-7594","1687-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Artificial Neural Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2012/457590.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076012204","display_name":"Andr\u00e9s Ort\u00edz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2690-1926"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82767444","display_name":"Universidad de M\u00e1laga","ror":"https://ror.org/036b2ww28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Ortiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication Engineering, University of Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication Engineering, University of Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011354002","display_name":"J. M. G\u00f3rriz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7069-1714"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. M. Gorriz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signal Theory, Networking and Communications, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory, Networking and Communications, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067023995","display_name":"Javier Ram\u0131\u0301rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6229-2921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Ramirez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signal Theory, Networking and Communications, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory, Networking and Communications, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052657189","display_name":"D. Salas-Gonz\u00e1lez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5618-7140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Salas-Gonzalez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signal Theory, Networking and Communications, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory, Networking and Communications, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076012204"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4981,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90148957,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2012","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.732278048992157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7085525989532471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6964230537414551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.6343405246734619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6105026602745056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voxel","display_name":"Voxel","score":0.588685929775238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grey-matter","display_name":"Grey matter","score":0.5360164642333984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-matter","display_name":"White matter","score":0.49430012702941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.42481881380081177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.37357741594314575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.15264490246772766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.07868161797523499}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.732278048992157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7085525989532471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6964230537414551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.6343405246734619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6105026602745056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54170458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663554","display_name":"Voxel","level":2,"score":0.588685929775238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778013878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q646150","display_name":"Grey matter","level":4,"score":0.5360164642333984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781192897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q822050","display_name":"White matter","level":3,"score":0.49430012702941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.42481881380081177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.37357741594314575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15264490246772766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.07868161797523499}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2012/457590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/457590","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2012/457590.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202405347","display_name":"Advances in Artificial Neural Systems","issn_l":"1687-7594","issn":["1687-7594","1687-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Artificial Neural Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2012/457590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/457590","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2012/457590.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202405347","display_name":"Advances in Artificial Neural Systems","issn_l":"1687-7594","issn":["1687-7594","1687-7608"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Artificial Neural Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1516115530","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TIC-4530","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326754","funder_display_name":"Junta de Andaluc\u00eda"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7203459538","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TIC-02566","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326754","funder_display_name":"Junta de Andaluc\u00eda"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326754","display_name":"Junta de Andaluc\u00eda","ror":"https://ror.org/01jem9c82"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1989081947.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1989081947.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24089871","https://openalex.org/W1584131853","https://openalex.org/W1970800786","https://openalex.org/W1996177050","https://openalex.org/W2015160480","https://openalex.org/W2015513598","https://openalex.org/W2030707487","https://openalex.org/W2036712731","https://openalex.org/W2037113108","https://openalex.org/W2044151123","https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2065189937","https://openalex.org/W2066562531","https://openalex.org/W2074925665","https://openalex.org/W2076608722","https://openalex.org/W2086316204","https://openalex.org/W2091729429","https://openalex.org/W2093602944","https://openalex.org/W2104024054","https://openalex.org/W2108817119","https://openalex.org/W2112282447","https://openalex.org/W2116785128","https://openalex.org/W2117207074","https://openalex.org/W2122165678","https://openalex.org/W2131036905","https://openalex.org/W2135365788","https://openalex.org/W2136573752","https://openalex.org/W2137727129","https://openalex.org/W2142363274","https://openalex.org/W2151669622","https://openalex.org/W2162207417","https://openalex.org/W2162630772","https://openalex.org/W2205990693","https://openalex.org/W2574358302","https://openalex.org/W3036192984","https://openalex.org/W3128632218","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028814883","https://openalex.org/W4205866527","https://openalex.org/W2997548647","https://openalex.org/W2071001789","https://openalex.org/W2460293179","https://openalex.org/W1595276058","https://openalex.org/W2049932968","https://openalex.org/W1977549674","https://openalex.org/W2017977110","https://openalex.org/W2006736888"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,91],"primary":[1],"goal":[2],"of":[3,88,147,177],"brain":[4,12,45,76],"image":[5,13,22,56,77],"segmentation":[6,24,30,57,78],"is":[7,25],"to":[8,42,74,116],"partition":[9],"a":[10,40,60,98],"given":[11],"into":[14],"different":[15,119],"regions":[16],"representing":[17],"anatomical":[18],"structures.":[19],"Magnetic":[20],"resonance":[21],"(MRI)":[23],"especially":[26],"interesting,":[27],"since":[28],"accurate":[29],"in":[31,59,107],"white":[32,151],"matter,":[33],"grey":[34,153],"matter":[35,154],"and":[36,105,152,155],"cerebrospinal":[37,159],"fluid":[38],"provides":[39,164],"way":[41],"identify":[43],"many":[44],"disorders":[46],"such":[47],"as":[48,85],"dementia,":[49],"schizophrenia":[50],"or":[51],"Alzheimer\u2019s":[52],"disease":[53],"(AD).":[54],"Then,":[55],"results":[58,106,166],"very":[61],"interesting":[62],"tool":[63],"for":[64,110,142,149,157,167],"neuroanatomical":[65],"analyses.":[66],"In":[67],"this":[68],"paper":[69],"we":[70],"show":[71],"three":[72],"alternatives":[73],"MR":[75,169],"algorithms,":[79],"with":[80],"the":[81,86,89,128,131,143,150,158,173,178],"Self-Organizing":[82],"Map":[83],"(SOM)":[84],"core":[87],"algorithms.":[90],"procedures":[92],"devised":[93],"do":[94],"not":[95],"use":[96],"any":[97],"priori":[99],"knowledge":[100],"about":[101],"voxel":[102],"class":[103],"assignment,":[104],"fully-unsupervised":[108],"methods":[109],"MRI":[111],"segmentation,":[112],"making":[113],"it":[114,162],"possible":[115],"automatically":[117],"discover":[118],"tissue":[120],"classes.":[121],"Our":[122],"algorithm":[123],"has":[124],"been":[125],"tested":[126],"using":[127],"images":[129,170],"from":[130],"Internet":[132],"Brain":[133],"Image":[134],"Repository":[135],"(IBSR)":[136],"outperforming":[137],"existing":[138],"methods,":[139],"providing":[140],"values":[141],"average":[144],"overlap":[145],"metric":[146],"0.7":[148],"0.45":[156],"fluid.":[160],"Furthermore,":[161],"also":[163],"good":[165],"high-resolution":[168],"provided":[171],"by":[172],"Nuclear":[174],"Medicine":[175],"Service":[176],"\u201cVirgen":[179],"de":[180],"las":[181],"Nieves\u201d":[182],"Hospital":[183],"(Granada,":[184],"Spain).":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}