{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2030339760","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/409048","title":"Real-Time Train Wheel Condition Monitoring by Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors","display_name":"Real-Time Train Wheel Condition Monitoring by Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-10-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2030339760","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/409048","mag":"2030339760"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2012/409048","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/409048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/409048","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089710959","display_name":"Chuliang Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1956-559X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32574673","display_name":"Shantou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01a099706","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuliang Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Shantou University, Guangdong 515063, China","1 Department of Electronic Engineering, Shantou University, Guangdong 515063, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Shantou University, Guangdong 515063, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Department of Electronic Engineering, Shantou University, Guangdong 515063, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050608316","display_name":"Qin Xin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6178-8538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","display_name":"UCLouvain","ror":"https://ror.org/02495e989","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qin Xin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mathematics, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081668765","display_name":"W. H. Chung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5623-6034"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. H. Chung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","3 Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"3 Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030827972","display_name":"Shun-yee Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shun-yee Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","3 Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"3 Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024855279","display_name":"Hwa\u2010Yaw Tam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8441-4846"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hwa-yaw Tam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","3 Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"3 Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100735116","display_name":"S. L. Ho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1721-6177"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. L. Ho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","3 Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"3 Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050608316"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"fwci":3.7832,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":77,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93500637,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"409048","last_page":"409048"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10842","display_name":"Railway Engineering and Dynamics","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12371","display_name":"Electrical Contact Performance and Analysis","score":0.9670000076293945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-bragg-grating","display_name":"Fiber Bragg grating","score":0.7814033031463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.713043212890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/train","display_name":"Train","score":0.5956377387046814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.46085137128829956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.3797163963317871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3397181034088135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.32928580045700073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0990111231803894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08374091982841492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43091971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397391","display_name":"Fiber Bragg grating","level":3,"score":0.7814033031463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.713043212890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190839683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2448197","display_name":"Train","level":2,"score":0.5956377387046814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.46085137128829956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.3797163963317871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3397181034088135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.32928580045700073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0990111231803894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08374091982841492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2012/409048","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/409048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:intdis:v:8:y:2011:i:1:p:409048","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1155/2012/409048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dial.uclouvain.be:boreal:109264","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/109264","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400166","display_name":"Digital Access to Libraries","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800384882","host_organization_name":"Harris County Public Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800384882"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, Vol. 2012, p. 409048 (2012)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d10d7cbd7a174e259a596e413926e677","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d10d7cbd7a174e259a596e413926e677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, Vol 8 (2011)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/6835","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/6835","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal/Magazine Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2012/409048","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/409048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310972","display_name":"Shantou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01a099706"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W80336976","https://openalex.org/W1992447074","https://openalex.org/W2002193158","https://openalex.org/W2007296727","https://openalex.org/W2031850258","https://openalex.org/W2036652067","https://openalex.org/W2063598795","https://openalex.org/W2076123197","https://openalex.org/W2078289499","https://openalex.org/W2100075834","https://openalex.org/W2106953337","https://openalex.org/W2127403746","https://openalex.org/W2135379464","https://openalex.org/W2140637004","https://openalex.org/W2156260449","https://openalex.org/W2165940954","https://openalex.org/W2312330872","https://openalex.org/W3120639109","https://openalex.org/W3120952243","https://openalex.org/W3122300106"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W618248309","https://openalex.org/W2377336366","https://openalex.org/W3216900447","https://openalex.org/W1601203902","https://openalex.org/W2102464536","https://openalex.org/W2361332776","https://openalex.org/W4225671779","https://openalex.org/W1568097102","https://openalex.org/W4390419160","https://openalex.org/W2072323338"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wheel":[0],"defects":[1,36,67,118,134],"on":[2,69],"trains,":[3],"such":[4],"as":[5],"flat":[6],"wheels":[7],"and":[8,20,48,82,103,129,136],"out-of-roundness,":[9],"inevitably":[10],"jeopardize":[11],"the":[12,26,35,92,104,124,131],"safety":[13],"of":[14,126],"railway":[15],"operations.":[16],"Regular":[17],"visual":[18],"inspection":[19],"checking":[21],"by":[22,99],"experienced":[23],"workers":[24],"are":[25],"commonly":[27],"adopted":[28],"practice":[29],"to":[30,64,84],"identify":[31],"wheel":[32,53,66,93,117],"defects.":[33],"However,":[34],"may":[37],"not":[38],"be":[39],"spotted":[40],"in":[41],"time.":[42],"Therefore,":[43],"an":[44,113],"automatic,":[45],"remote-sensing,":[46],"reliable,":[47],"accurate":[49],"monitoring":[50],"system":[51,63,111,121],"for":[52,116,133],"condition":[54,87],"is":[55,80,97],"always":[56],"desirable.":[57],"The":[58,120],"paper":[59],"describes":[60],"a":[61,86],"real-time":[62],"monitor":[65],"based":[68],"fiber":[70],"Bragg":[71],"grating":[72],"sensors.":[73],"Track":[74],"strain":[75],"response":[76],"upon":[77],"wheel-rail":[78],"interaction":[79],"measured":[81],"processed":[83],"generate":[85],"index":[88],"which":[89],"directly":[90],"reflects":[91],"condition.":[94],"This":[95],"approach":[96],"verified":[98],"extensive":[100],"field":[101],"test,":[102],"preliminary":[105],"results":[106],"show":[107],"that":[108],"this":[109],"electromagnetic-immune":[110],"provides":[112],"effective":[114],"alternative":[115],"detection.":[119],"significantly":[122],"increases":[123],"efficiency":[125],"maintenance":[127],"management":[128],"reduces":[130],"cost":[132],"detection,":[135],"more":[137],"importantly,":[138],"avoids":[139],"derailment":[140],"timely.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-28T09:10:13.091523","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}