{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1977383026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/940751","title":"A Top-Down Clustering and Cluster-Tree-Based Routing Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks","display_name":"A Top-Down Clustering and Cluster-Tree-Based Routing Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1977383026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/940751","mag":"1977383026"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2011/940751","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/940751","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/940751","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089451427","display_name":"H. M. N. Dilum Bandara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-5628"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"H. M. N. Dilum Bandara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA","1 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026739162","display_name":"Anura P. Jayasumana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8335-655X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anura P. Jayasumana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA","1 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004306351","display_name":"Tissa H. Illangasekare","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4975-560X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167576493","display_name":"Colorado School of Mines","ror":"https://ror.org/04raf6v53","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167576493"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tissa H. Illangasekare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA","2 Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167576493"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"2 Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167576493"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089451427"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"fwci":1.1116,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78135688,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":"940751","last_page":"940751"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8363407850265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-routing","display_name":"Hierarchical routing","score":0.6288993954658508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5936571359634399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.551569938659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.5450847148895264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.5276421904563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5008823871612549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.49933624267578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-clustering","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","score":0.4551129937171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","score":0.44773122668266296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/a-priori-and-a-posteriori","display_name":"A priori and a posteriori","score":0.4174920320510864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.40408530831336975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.37941184639930725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.3637428879737854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-routing","display_name":"Static routing","score":0.2947063446044922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09077516198158264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07518085837364197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8363407850265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177818476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12878103","display_name":"Hierarchical routing","level":5,"score":0.6288993954658508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5936571359634399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.551569938659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.5450847148895264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.5276421904563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5008823871612549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.49933624267578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92835128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1277447","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","level":3,"score":0.4551129937171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.44773122668266296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75553542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178161","display_name":"A priori and a posteriori","level":2,"score":0.4174920320510864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.40408530831336975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.37941184639930725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.3637428879737854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204948658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1119410","display_name":"Static routing","level":4,"score":0.2947063446044922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09077516198158264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07518085837364197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2011/940751","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/940751","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:intdis:v:7:y:2011:i:1:p:940751","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1155/2011/940751","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:982454aef293455b90b42825358b2ef4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/982454aef293455b90b42825358b2ef4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, Vol 7 (2011)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2011/940751","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/940751","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2708479489","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AMSRD-ARL-RO-EV","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967648488","https://openalex.org/W1977752700","https://openalex.org/W1995183798","https://openalex.org/W1997817455","https://openalex.org/W2006805041","https://openalex.org/W2011039300","https://openalex.org/W2016893112","https://openalex.org/W2050092752","https://openalex.org/W2052094885","https://openalex.org/W2103757854","https://openalex.org/W2104846640","https://openalex.org/W2108117827","https://openalex.org/W2109541696","https://openalex.org/W2123461705","https://openalex.org/W2128626205","https://openalex.org/W2131559690","https://openalex.org/W2148929030","https://openalex.org/W2150194350","https://openalex.org/W2155492251","https://openalex.org/W2155864758","https://openalex.org/W2158073936","https://openalex.org/W2160663779","https://openalex.org/W2167465093","https://openalex.org/W2171667726","https://openalex.org/W2599509984","https://openalex.org/W2898625030","https://openalex.org/W4238398118","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2996177402","https://openalex.org/W2350797733","https://openalex.org/W2526482967","https://openalex.org/W2133729124","https://openalex.org/W2045411403","https://openalex.org/W1190031247","https://openalex.org/W1967022855","https://openalex.org/W2045706189","https://openalex.org/W2338383101","https://openalex.org/W4233921352"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cluster-based":[0],"organization":[1],"of":[2,26,120,141,158,170],"large":[3],"sensor":[4,82],"networks":[5],"is":[6,118],"the":[7,24,76,88,96,168,171],"basis":[8],"for":[9,139],"many":[10],"techniques":[11],"aimed":[12],"at":[13],"enhancing":[14],"power":[15],"conservation":[16],"and":[17,34,43,56,93,108,114,123,154,162],"network":[18,22,111],"management.":[19],"A":[20],"backbone":[21],"in":[23,87],"form":[25],"a":[27,39,47,51,57,70,80,85,127],"cluster":[28,42,53,97,142,152,160],"tree":[29,98],"further":[30],"enhances":[31],"routing,":[32],"broadcasting,":[33],"in-network":[35],"processing.":[36],"We":[37],"propose":[38],"configurable":[40],"top-down":[41],"cluster-tree":[44,48,115],"formation":[45,116,140],"algorithm,":[46],"self-optimization":[49],"phase,":[50],"hierarchical":[52],"addressing":[54],"scheme,":[55],"routing":[58,163],"scheme.":[59],"Such":[60],"self-organization":[61],"makes":[62],"it":[63],"possible":[64],"to":[65,69,99,166],"effectively":[66],"deliver":[67,100],"messages":[68,101],"sink":[71,86],"as":[72,74,148],"well":[73],"within":[75,95],"network.":[77],"For":[78],"example,":[79],"circular":[81,155],"field":[83],"with":[84,144],"center":[89],"can":[90],"establish":[91],"cross-links":[92],"circular-paths":[94],"through":[102],"shorter":[103],"routes":[104],"while":[105],"reducing":[106],"hotspots":[107],"consequently":[109],"increasing":[110],"lifetime.":[112],"Cluster":[113],"algorithm":[117],"independent":[119],"physical":[121],"topology,":[122],"does":[124],"not":[125],"require":[126],"priori":[128],"neighborhood":[129],"information,":[130],"location":[131],"awareness,":[132],"or":[133],"time":[134],"synchronization.":[135],"Algorithm":[136],"parameters":[137],"allow":[138],"trees":[143],"desirable":[145],"properties":[146],"such":[147],"controlled":[149],"breadth/depth,":[150],"uniform":[151],"size,":[153],"clusters.":[156],"Characteristics":[157],"clusters,":[159],"tree,":[161],"are":[164],"used":[165],"demonstrate":[167],"effectiveness":[169],"schemes":[172],"over":[173],"existing":[174],"techniques.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T08:04:53.788161","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
