{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2078347360","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/121787","title":"Multistrategy Self-Organizing Map Learning for Classification Problems","display_name":"Multistrategy Self-Organizing Map Learning for Classification Problems","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2078347360","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/121787","mag":"2078347360","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21876686"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2011/121787","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/121787","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2011/121787.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72372694","display_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","issn_l":"1687-5265","issn":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2011/121787.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026960836","display_name":"Shafaatunnur Hasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9457-6873"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4576418","display_name":"University of Technology Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/026w31v75","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Soft Computing Research Group, Faculty of Computer Science and Information System, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, 81300 Johor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soft Computing Research Group, Faculty of Computer Science and Information System, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, 81300 Johor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082730131","display_name":"Siti Mariyam Shamsuddin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0982-5629"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4576418","display_name":"University of Technology Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/026w31v75","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. M. Shamsuddin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Soft Computing Research Group, Faculty of Computer Science and Information System, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, 81300 Johor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soft Computing Research Group, Faculty of Computer Science and Information System, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, 81300 Johor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082730131"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"],"apc_list":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"apc_paid":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11410089,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2011","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7179670333862305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.7031532526016235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maxima-and-minima","display_name":"Maxima and minima","score":0.626377522945404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5954394936561584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-organizing-map","display_name":"Self-organizing map","score":0.5584920644760132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5513080954551697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.49036073684692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.4740592837333679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4488051235675812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3437090814113617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14409074187278748}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7179670333862305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.7031532526016235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186633575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845060","display_name":"Maxima and minima","level":2,"score":0.626377522945404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5954394936561584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111168008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136838","display_name":"Self-organizing map","level":3,"score":0.5584920644760132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5513080954551697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.49036073684692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4740592837333679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4488051235675812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3437090814113617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14409074187278748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2011/121787","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/121787","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2011/121787.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72372694","display_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","issn_l":"1687-5265","issn":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21876686","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21876686","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational intelligence and neuroscience","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2166613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3157650","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2011/121787","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/121787","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2011/121787.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72372694","display_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","issn_l":"1687-5265","issn":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323300","display_name":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/026w31v75"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2078347360.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2078347360.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W47791663","https://openalex.org/W229798587","https://openalex.org/W1482753234","https://openalex.org/W1499362027","https://openalex.org/W1514240133","https://openalex.org/W1526455201","https://openalex.org/W1543659671","https://openalex.org/W1600704669","https://openalex.org/W1623041575","https://openalex.org/W1679913846","https://openalex.org/W1832963044","https://openalex.org/W1862455499","https://openalex.org/W1882445960","https://openalex.org/W1969425639","https://openalex.org/W1976231283","https://openalex.org/W1992561742","https://openalex.org/W1995673906","https://openalex.org/W2003135760","https://openalex.org/W2010150441","https://openalex.org/W2020385723","https://openalex.org/W2027832294","https://openalex.org/W2032583337","https://openalex.org/W2041282815","https://openalex.org/W2068590458","https://openalex.org/W2090237271","https://openalex.org/W2090689364","https://openalex.org/W2100655604","https://openalex.org/W2110802877","https://openalex.org/W2115786526","https://openalex.org/W2128033704","https://openalex.org/W2145113795","https://openalex.org/W2147333550","https://openalex.org/W2151554678","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2165299997","https://openalex.org/W2165595924","https://openalex.org/W2171107778","https://openalex.org/W2181809735","https://openalex.org/W2188475691","https://openalex.org/W2402846924","https://openalex.org/W2527182559"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2375684291","https://openalex.org/W2354676191","https://openalex.org/W3188646203","https://openalex.org/W2909957174","https://openalex.org/W4246278799","https://openalex.org/W136674370","https://openalex.org/W2105527480","https://openalex.org/W2052387497","https://openalex.org/W2050203848","https://openalex.org/W2050191802"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multistrategy":[0],"Learning":[1],"of":[2,28,52,71,94],"Self-Organizing":[3],"Map":[4],"(SOM)":[5],"and":[6,90,124,143],"Particle":[7,57],"Swarm":[8,58],"Optimization":[9],"(PSO)":[10],"is":[11,61,75],"commonly":[12],"implemented":[13,76],"in":[14,21,43,87],"clustering":[15],"domain":[16],"due":[17],"to":[18,102,147],"its":[19],"capabilities":[20],"handling":[22],"complex":[23],"data":[24,88],"characteristics.":[25],"However,":[26],"some":[27],"these":[29],"multistrategy":[30,50],"learning":[31,51],"architectures":[32],"have":[33],"weaknesses":[34],"such":[35],"as":[36,151,153],"slow":[37],"convergence":[38],"time":[39],"always":[40],"being":[41],"trapped":[42],"the":[44,95,148],"local":[45],"minima.":[46],"This":[47],"paper":[48],"proposes":[49],"SOM":[53,72,97,122],"lattice":[54,73],"structure":[55,74],"with":[56,117,120,139],"Optimisation":[59],"which":[60],"called":[62],"ESOMPSO":[63],"for":[64,83],"solving":[65],"various":[66,114,125],"classification":[67,89],"problems.":[68],"The":[69,92,107,128],"enhancement":[70],"by":[77],"introducing":[78],"a":[79,136],"new":[80],"hexagon":[81],"formulation":[82],"better":[84,104,140],"mapping":[85],"quality":[86],"labeling.":[91],"weights":[93],"enhanced":[96],"are":[98],"optimised":[99],"using":[100],"PSO":[101],"obtain":[103],"output":[105],"quality.":[106],"proposed":[108,133],"method":[109,134],"has":[110],"been":[111],"tested":[112],"on":[113],"standard":[115],"datasets":[116],"substantial":[118],"comparisons":[119],"existing":[121],"network":[123],"distance":[126],"measurement.":[127],"results":[129],"show":[130],"that":[131],"our":[132],"yields":[135],"promising":[137],"result":[138],"average":[141],"accuracy":[142],"quantisation":[144],"errors":[145],"compared":[146],"other":[149],"methods":[150],"well":[152],"convincing":[154],"significant":[155],"test.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
