{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2156168162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/820103","title":"Exploring the Eradication of Code Smells: An Empirical and Theoretical Perspective","display_name":"Exploring the Eradication of Code Smells: An Empirical and Theoretical Perspective","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-03-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2156168162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/820103","mag":"2156168162"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2010/820103","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/820103","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2010/820103.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78701549","display_name":"Advances in Software Engineering","issn_l":"1687-8655","issn":["1687-8655","1687-8663"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2010/820103.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083706258","display_name":"Steve Counsell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2939-8919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","display_name":"Brunel University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn4t376","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Counsell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of IS and Computing, Brunel University, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of IS and Computing, Brunel University, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009644797","display_name":"Robert M. Hierons","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4771-1446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","display_name":"Brunel University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn4t376","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. M. Hierons","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of IS and Computing, Brunel University, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of IS and Computing, Brunel University, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057357796","display_name":"Haitham S. Hamza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4116-9761"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","display_name":"Brunel University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn4t376","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Hamza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of IS and Computing, Brunel University, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of IS and Computing, Brunel University, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042115480","display_name":"Sue Black","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-9517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94951947","display_name":"University of Westminster","ror":"https://ror.org/04ycpbx82","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94951947"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Black","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Software Systems, University of Westminster, Harrow Campus, London HA1 4TP, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Software Systems, University of Westminster, Harrow Campus, London HA1 4TP, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94951947"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083163953","display_name":"M. Durrand","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802684491","display_name":"Westminster City Council","ror":"https://ror.org/01a35x275","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802684491"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Durrand","raw_affiliation_strings":["change-s.com, Westminster Borough, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"change-s.com, Westminster Borough, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802684491"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083706258"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1325,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88927455,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2010","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-smell","display_name":"Code smell","score":0.9716523885726929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-refactoring","display_name":"Code refactoring","score":0.943964958190918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.642952561378479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6406250596046448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.5783288478851318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5747509598731995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.5450972318649292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5145372748374939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/java","display_name":"Java","score":0.45037874579429626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.33229073882102966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21916380524635315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.1800258457660675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.16787683963775635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.1654869019985199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.13243934512138367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.12683400511741638}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133237599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2295111","display_name":"Code smell","level":5,"score":0.9716523885726929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152752567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116877","display_name":"Code refactoring","level":3,"score":0.943964958190918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.642952561378479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6406250596046448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.5783288478851318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5747509598731995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.5450972318649292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5145372748374939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548217200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251","display_name":"Java","level":2,"score":0.45037874579429626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.33229073882102966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21916380524635315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.1800258457660675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.16787683963775635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.1654869019985199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.13243934512138367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.12683400511741638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2010/820103","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/820103","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2010/820103.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78701549","display_name":"Advances in Software Engineering","issn_l":"1687-8655","issn":["1687-8655","1687-8663"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:bura.brunel.ac.uk:2438/5639","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401473","display_name":"Brunel University Research Archive (BURA) (Brunel University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","host_organization_name":"Brunel University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2010/820103","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/820103","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2010/820103.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78701549","display_name":"Advances in Software Engineering","issn_l":"1687-8655","issn":["1687-8655","1687-8663"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G341881545","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/G031126/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6216318053","display_name":"REFactoring and TESTing ('REFTEST') Network","funder_award_id":"EP/G031126/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2156168162.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2156168162.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26041825","https://openalex.org/W1033632748","https://openalex.org/W1487664366","https://openalex.org/W1498770298","https://openalex.org/W1564594068","https://openalex.org/W1651395156","https://openalex.org/W1840884391","https://openalex.org/W1852168316","https://openalex.org/W1963598945","https://openalex.org/W1974655094","https://openalex.org/W2000819496","https://openalex.org/W2024866554","https://openalex.org/W2034929864","https://openalex.org/W2063955337","https://openalex.org/W2064873664","https://openalex.org/W2068321882","https://openalex.org/W2106013472","https://openalex.org/W2113322762","https://openalex.org/W2116693957","https://openalex.org/W2130743551","https://openalex.org/W2130830290","https://openalex.org/W2141069252","https://openalex.org/W2143283623","https://openalex.org/W2153887189","https://openalex.org/W2158864412","https://openalex.org/W2160506632","https://openalex.org/W2163269614","https://openalex.org/W2164060400","https://openalex.org/W2164566712","https://openalex.org/W2171383742","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2088986462","https://openalex.org/W2780981476","https://openalex.org/W2955607951","https://openalex.org/W3166181464","https://openalex.org/W2187939805","https://openalex.org/W125071098","https://openalex.org/W2517910349","https://openalex.org/W2946499381","https://openalex.org/W3153400467","https://openalex.org/W4229981338"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Code":[0],"smells":[1,14,35,100,140,157,168,238],"reflect":[2],"code":[3,34,237],"decay,":[4],"and,":[5],"as":[6,73],"such,":[7],"developers":[8],"should":[9],"seek":[10],"to":[11,101,137,185,194,204],"eradicate":[12,205],"such":[13],"through":[15],"application":[16,120,159],"of":[17,22,31,63,84,87,112,115,134,151,160,167,177,236,242],"\u201cdeodorant\u201d":[18],"in":[19,58,92,125,165,213],"the":[20,61,106,129,152,226,234],"form":[21],"one":[23],"or":[24,38],"more":[25,170],"refactorings.":[26],"However,":[27],"a":[28,85,113,116,131,174,206,210,229],"relative":[29],"lack":[30],"studies":[32,72],"exploring":[33],"either":[36],"theoretically":[37],"empirically":[39],"when":[40,183],"compared":[41],"with":[42,192],"literature":[43],"on":[44,233],"refactoring":[45],"suggests":[46],"that":[47,155],"there":[48],"are":[49],"reasons":[50],"why":[51,139,215],"smell":[52,126,207,216],"eradication":[53,217],"is":[54,81,108,218],"neither":[55],"being":[56],"applied":[57],"anger,":[59],"nor":[60],"subject":[62],"significant":[64],"research.":[65],"In":[66],"this":[67,77],"paper,":[68],"we":[69,94],"present":[70],"three":[71],"supporting":[74],"evidence":[75],"for":[76,99,228],"stance.":[78],"The":[79,222],"first":[80],"an":[82,109,146,189],"analysis":[83],"set":[86],"five,":[88],"open-source":[89],"Java":[90],"systems":[91],"which":[93],"show":[95],"very":[96],"little":[97],"tendency":[98],"be":[102,142,209],"eradicated":[103,164],"by":[104,220],"developers;":[105],"second":[107],"empirical":[110],"study":[111,153,223],"subsystem":[114],"proprietary,":[117],"C#":[118],"web-based":[119],"where":[121],"practical":[122],"problems":[123],"arise":[124],"identification":[127,244],"and":[128,179,239,245],"third,":[130],"theoretical":[132],"enumeration":[133],"smell-related":[135],"refactorings":[136,162],"suggest":[138],"may":[141,208],"left":[143],"alone":[144],"from":[145],"effort":[147,203],"perspective.":[148],"Key":[149],"findings":[150],"were":[154,163],"first,":[156],"requiring":[158,169],"simple":[161],"favour":[166],"complex":[171],"refactorings;":[172],"second,":[173],"wide":[175],"range":[176],"conflicts":[178],"anomalies":[180],"soon":[181],"emerged":[182],"trying":[184],"identify":[186],"smelly":[187],"code;":[188],"interesting":[190],"result":[191],"respect":[193],"comment":[195],"lines":[196],"was":[197],"also":[198],"observed.":[199],"Finally,":[200],"perceived":[201],"(estimated)":[202],"key":[211],"factor":[212],"explaining":[214],"avoided":[219],"developers.":[221],"thus":[224],"highlights":[225],"need":[227],"clearer":[230],"research":[231],"strategy":[232],"issue":[235],"all":[240],"aspects":[241],"their":[243],"measurement.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-26T07:53:14.480251","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}