{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2085547333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/767805","title":"Bayesian Classifier with Simplified Learning Phase for Detecting Microcalcifications in Digital Mammograms","display_name":"Bayesian Classifier with Simplified Learning Phase for Detecting Microcalcifications in Digital Mammograms","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2085547333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/767805","mag":"2085547333","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20119490"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2009/767805","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/767805","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ijbi/2009/767805.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108408918","display_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Imaging","issn_l":"1687-4188","issn":["1687-4188","1687-4196"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ijbi/2009/767805.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057388161","display_name":"Imad Zyout","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1449-1069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imad Zyout","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University, MI 49008, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University, MI#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University, MI 49008, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University, MI#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063932683","display_name":"Ikhlas Abdel\u2010Qader","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ikhlas Abdel-Qader","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University, MI 49008, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University, MI#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University, MI 49008, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University, MI#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072212362","display_name":"Christina Jacobs","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1332586654","display_name":"Bronson Methodist Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/032zc6m47","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1332586654"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christina Jacobs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radiology Department, Bronson Methodist Hospital, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA","Radiology Department, Bronson Methodist Hospital, Kalamazoo, MI#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiology Department, Bronson Methodist Hospital, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1332586654"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiology Department, Bronson Methodist Hospital, Kalamazoo, MI#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1332586654"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063932683"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"],"apc_list":{"value":1000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1000},"apc_paid":{"value":1000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1000},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11128178,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2009","issue":"1","first_page":"767805","last_page":"767805"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10885","display_name":"Gene expression and cancer classification","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcalcification","display_name":"Microcalcification","score":0.7040949463844299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6928250789642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6911859512329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6764216423034668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.646058201789856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mammography","display_name":"Mammography","score":0.5988122224807739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.5391817688941956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-bayes-classifier","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","score":0.4836481809616089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer","display_name":"Breast cancer","score":0.4735616445541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3426802158355713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.33478865027427673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.16103294491767883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.14034825563430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer","display_name":"Cancer","score":0.13210418820381165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781129008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1933877","display_name":"Microcalcification","level":5,"score":0.7040949463844299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6928250789642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6911859512329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6764216423034668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.646058201789856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780472235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q324634","display_name":"Mammography","level":4,"score":0.5988122224807739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.5391817688941956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.4836481809616089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.4735616445541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3426802158355713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.33478865027427673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.16103294491767883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.14034825563430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.13210418820381165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2009/767805","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/767805","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ijbi/2009/767805.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108408918","display_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Imaging","issn_l":"1687-4188","issn":["1687-4188","1687-4196"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:20119490","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20119490","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of biomedical imaging","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2810460","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2810460","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Int J Biomed Imaging","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a06cf45024084f9ba366c5111254eba2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a06cf45024084f9ba366c5111254eba2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Imaging, Vol 2009 (2009)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2009/767805","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/767805","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ijbi/2009/767805.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108408918","display_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Imaging","issn_l":"1687-4188","issn":["1687-4188","1687-4196"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Biomedical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.699999988079071,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2085547333.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2085547333.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W86526090","https://openalex.org/W133171293","https://openalex.org/W138699228","https://openalex.org/W183198662","https://openalex.org/W346398077","https://openalex.org/W1519046292","https://openalex.org/W1594787513","https://openalex.org/W1598493706","https://openalex.org/W1963665962","https://openalex.org/W1984740701","https://openalex.org/W1986276657","https://openalex.org/W1996701231","https://openalex.org/W2050883594","https://openalex.org/W2064266908","https://openalex.org/W2076293758","https://openalex.org/W2083886673","https://openalex.org/W2083996091","https://openalex.org/W2085132317","https://openalex.org/W2095599176","https://openalex.org/W2102802586","https://openalex.org/W2113115183","https://openalex.org/W2121915221","https://openalex.org/W2132984323","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2133458583","https://openalex.org/W2134198411","https://openalex.org/W2135123541","https://openalex.org/W2148518080","https://openalex.org/W2172182746","https://openalex.org/W2514575318","https://openalex.org/W2898550391","https://openalex.org/W3142212501","https://openalex.org/W4244003036","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W40785385","https://openalex.org/W2089630719","https://openalex.org/W2378946663","https://openalex.org/W2031284012","https://openalex.org/W2354834859","https://openalex.org/W4378191048","https://openalex.org/W3190666406","https://openalex.org/W2328635413","https://openalex.org/W1540588256","https://openalex.org/W2306216960"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Detection":[0],"of":[1,14,22,26,58,65,79,87,133,144,155],"clustered":[2],"microcalcifications":[3],"(MCs)":[4,101],"in":[5,152],"mammograms":[6,114],"represents":[7],"a":[8,31,39,75,93,149],"significant":[9,150],"step":[10],"towards":[11],"successful":[12],"detection":[13,123],"breast":[15],"cancer":[16],"since":[17],"their":[18],"existence":[19],"is":[20,47,95],"one":[21],"the":[23,80,88,98,116,142,145,153,156],"early":[24],"signs":[25],"cancer.":[27],"In":[28],"this":[29],"paper,":[30],"new":[32],"framework":[33],"that":[34,141],"integrates":[35],"Bayesian":[36,81],"classifier":[37,157],"and":[38,55,62,129,135,158],"pattern":[40],"synthesizing":[41],"scheme":[42],"for":[43],"detecting":[44],"microcalcification":[45],"clusters":[46],"proposed.":[48],"This":[49],"proposed":[50,107],"work":[51],"extracts":[52],"textural,":[53],"spectral,":[54],"statistical":[56],"features":[57],"each":[59],"input":[60],"mammogram":[61,94],"generates":[63],"models":[64],"real":[66,146],"MCs":[67,122,147],"to":[68],"be":[69,161],"used":[70],"as":[71],"training":[72],"samples":[73],"through":[74],"simplified":[76],"learning":[77],"phase":[78],"classifier.":[82],"Followed":[83],"by":[84],"an":[85],"estimation":[86],"classifier's":[89],"decision":[90],"function":[91],"parameters,":[92],"segmented":[96],"into":[97],"identified":[99],"targets":[100],"against":[102],"background":[103],"(healthy":[104],"tissue).":[105],"The":[106],"algorithm":[108],"has":[109],"been":[110],"tested":[111],"using":[112],"23":[113],"from":[115],"mini-MIAS":[117],"database.":[118],"Experimental":[119],"results":[120],"achieved":[121],"with":[124],"average":[125],"true":[126],"positive":[127,131],"(sensitivity)":[128],"false":[130],"(specificity)":[132],"91.3%":[134],"98.6%,":[136],"respectively.":[137],"Results":[138],"also":[139],"indicate":[140],"modeling":[143],"plays":[148],"role":[151],"performance":[154],"thus":[159],"should":[160],"given":[162],"further":[163],"investigation.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
