{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2083824667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/1998/59191","title":"Spherical Harmonic Modeling of a 0.05 \u03bcmBase BJT: A Comparison with Monte Carloand Asymptotic Analysis","display_name":"Spherical Harmonic Modeling of a 0.05 \u03bcmBase BJT: A Comparison with Monte Carloand Asymptotic Analysis","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2083824667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/1998/59191","mag":"2083824667"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/1998/59191","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/1998/59191","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/1998/059191.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81291924","display_name":"VLSI design","issn_l":"1026-7123","issn":["1026-7123","1065-514X","1563-5171"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"VLSI Design","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/1998/059191.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029335324","display_name":"Chip-Hong Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8897-6176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.-H. Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000392627","display_name":"Cheng-Ju Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7898-0211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.-K. Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076571019","display_name":"Neil Goldsman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Goldsman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031176797","display_name":"I.D. Mayergoyz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1481-3179"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. D. Mayergoyz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4696,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6694137,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1-4","first_page":"147","last_page":"151"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11277","display_name":"Thermal properties of materials","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10440","display_name":"Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.8089104890823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bipolar-junction-transistor","display_name":"Bipolar junction transistor","score":0.6921301484107971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boltzmann-equation","display_name":"Boltzmann equation","score":0.6139413118362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic","display_name":"Harmonic","score":0.6024757623672485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.5265092253684998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base","display_name":"Base (topology)","score":0.5111880898475647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.44327327609062195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boltzmann-constant","display_name":"Boltzmann constant","score":0.41676998138427734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.38926196098327637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3664870262145996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-physics","display_name":"Computational physics","score":0.3664790391921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.2949904799461365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.13696128129959106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1259792447090149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.08011224865913391}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.8089104890823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23061349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188946","display_name":"Bipolar junction transistor","level":4,"score":0.6921301484107971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165995430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q891653","display_name":"Boltzmann equation","level":2,"score":0.6139413118362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127934551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148098","display_name":"Harmonic","level":2,"score":0.6024757623672485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.5265092253684998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.5111880898475647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.44327327609062195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35304006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5962","display_name":"Boltzmann constant","level":2,"score":0.41676998138427734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.38926196098327637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3664870262145996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.3664790391921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.2949904799461365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.13696128129959106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1259792447090149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.08011224865913391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/1998/59191","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/1998/59191","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/1998/059191.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81291924","display_name":"VLSI design","issn_l":"1026-7123","issn":["1026-7123","1065-514X","1563-5171"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"VLSI Design","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:483fb31c1f1c41e3b08b0e5ef0003af1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/483fb31c1f1c41e3b08b0e5ef0003af1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"VLSI Design, Vol 8, Iss 1-4, Pp 147-151 (1998)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:649739d46b9b4f649a2e009f1cfb0077","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/649739d46b9b4f649a2e009f1cfb0077","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"VLSI Design, Vol 8, Iss 1-4, Pp 147-151 (1998)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/1998/59191","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/1998/59191","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/1998/059191.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81291924","display_name":"VLSI design","issn_l":"1026-7123","issn":["1026-7123","1065-514X","1563-5171"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"VLSI Design","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2083824667.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2083824667.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966650307","https://openalex.org/W2052652644","https://openalex.org/W2150449342"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076303422","https://openalex.org/W4388257265","https://openalex.org/W849161923","https://openalex.org/W4388401275","https://openalex.org/W1579959893","https://openalex.org/W3404850","https://openalex.org/W4238782814","https://openalex.org/W4386916460","https://openalex.org/W58974396","https://openalex.org/W2484879441"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,28,78],"perform":[1],"a":[2,23],"rigorous":[3],"comparison":[4],"between":[5],"the":[6,17,30,33,41,53,57,70,80,86,92,96],"Spherical":[7],"Harmonic":[8],"(SH)":[9],"and":[10,32],"Monte":[11],"Carlo":[12],"(MC)":[13],"methods":[14,35],"of":[15,85,88,95],"solving":[16,74],"Boltzmann":[18],"Transport":[19],"Equation":[20],"(BTE),":[21],"on":[22],"0.05":[24],"\u03bcm":[25],"base":[26],"BJT.":[27],"find":[29],"SH":[31,58,93],"MC":[34,71],"give":[36],"very":[37],"similar":[38],"results":[39],"for":[40,73],"energy":[42],"distribution":[43],"function,":[44],"using":[45],"an":[46,75],"analytical":[47],"band\u2010structure,":[48],"at":[49],"all":[50],"points":[51],"within":[52],"tested":[54],"devices.":[55],"However,":[56],"method":[59],"can":[60],"be":[61],"as":[62,64],"much":[63],"seven":[65],"thousand":[66],"times":[67],"faster":[68],"than":[69],"approach":[72],"identical":[76],"problem.":[77],"explain":[79],"agreement":[81],"by":[82,91],"asymptotic":[83],"analysis":[84],"system":[87],"equations":[89],"generated":[90],"expansion":[94],"BTE.":[97]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-15T07:11:24.734988","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}