{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2331602928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1147/jrd.2015.2498818","title":"Situational awareness for the electrical power grid","display_name":"Situational awareness for the electrical power grid","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2331602928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1147/jrd.2015.2498818","mag":"2331602928"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1147/jrd.2015.2498818","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1147/jrd.2015.2498818","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219925","display_name":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","issn_l":"0018-8646","issn":["0018-8646","2151-8556"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320652","host_organization_name":"IBM","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320652"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IBM"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081795865","display_name":"Chumki Basu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"C. Basu","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102875956","display_name":"Manikandan Padmanaban","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8993-8304"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103279","display_name":"IBM Research - India","ror":"https://ror.org/014wt7r80","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210103279","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Padmanaban","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, IndiaResearch Lab, Bangalore, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, IndiaResearch Lab, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038852235","display_name":"S\u00e9bastien Guillon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6506-9442"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47099075","display_name":"Hydro-Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/01nhzsw25","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47099075"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Guillon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hydro-Qu\u00e9bec Trans\u00c9nergie, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hydro-Qu\u00e9bec Trans\u00c9nergie, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47099075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047078227","display_name":"Luc Cauchon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47099075","display_name":"Hydro-Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/01nhzsw25","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47099075"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Cauchon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hydro-Qu\u00e9bec Research Center, Varennes, QC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hydro-Qu\u00e9bec Research Center, Varennes, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47099075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069527531","display_name":"Martin De Montigny","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47099075","display_name":"Hydro-Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/01nhzsw25","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47099075"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. De Montigny","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hydro-Qu\u00e9bec Research Center, Varennes, QC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hydro-Qu\u00e9bec Research Center, Varennes, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47099075"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004948235","display_name":"Innocent Kamwa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3568-3716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47099075","display_name":"Hydro-Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/01nhzsw25","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47099075"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Kamwa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hydro-Qu\u00e9bec Research Center, Varennes, QC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hydro-Qu\u00e9bec Research Center, Varennes, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47099075"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081795865"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4278,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93408727,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"1","first_page":"10:1","last_page":"10:11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13650","display_name":"Computational Physics and Python Applications","score":0.9624000191688538,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13650","display_name":"Computational Physics and Python Applications","score":0.9624000191688538,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13734","display_name":"Advanced Computational Techniques and Applications","score":0.9577000141143799,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13018","display_name":"Seismology and Earthquake Studies","score":0.9488999843597412,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situation-awareness","display_name":"Situation awareness","score":0.8088606595993042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6085669994354248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5806543827056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.536021888256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.49008095264434814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.4777856767177582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.458954393863678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.3759351074695587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3613799512386322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.32145628333091736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23548656702041626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.23031818866729736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.17880025506019592}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145804949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478123","display_name":"Situation awareness","level":2,"score":0.8088606595993042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6085669994354248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5806543827056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.536021888256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.49008095264434814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.4777856767177582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.458954393863678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.3759351074695587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3613799512386322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.32145628333091736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23548656702041626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.23031818866729736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.17880025506019592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1147/jrd.2015.2498818","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1147/jrd.2015.2498818","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219925","display_name":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","issn_l":"0018-8646","issn":["0018-8646","2151-8556"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320652","host_organization_name":"IBM","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320652"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IBM"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1578978182","https://openalex.org/W1591788929","https://openalex.org/W1792756357","https://openalex.org/W2027294420","https://openalex.org/W2030949386","https://openalex.org/W2034437871","https://openalex.org/W2035324189","https://openalex.org/W2042420160","https://openalex.org/W2060966884","https://openalex.org/W2079720152","https://openalex.org/W2104993847","https://openalex.org/W2105451835","https://openalex.org/W2106441659","https://openalex.org/W2112824353","https://openalex.org/W2132487254","https://openalex.org/W2137943540","https://openalex.org/W2141608913","https://openalex.org/W2142071333","https://openalex.org/W2146948159","https://openalex.org/W2164636120","https://openalex.org/W2172051668","https://openalex.org/W2329284087","https://openalex.org/W7064573377"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W96612179","https://openalex.org/W2770234245","https://openalex.org/W2566006169","https://openalex.org/W2987774938","https://openalex.org/W4256492088","https://openalex.org/W632915154","https://openalex.org/W4229499248","https://openalex.org/W4378874356","https://openalex.org/W2055733372","https://openalex.org/W2369811061"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"deployment":[1],"of":[2,23,63,75,111,156,161],"high-throughput,":[3],"low-latency":[4],"sensors":[5],"such":[6],"as":[7,93],"PMUs":[8,92],"(phasor":[9],"measurement":[10],"units),":[11],"utilities":[12],"have":[13],"an":[14,79],"opportunity":[15],"to":[16,65,106,120],"achieve":[17],"high-resolution":[18],"\u201cvisibility\u201d":[19],"into":[20],"the":[21,24,52,73,86,112,157,165],"state":[22],"electrical":[25,53],"power":[26,54,94],"grid":[27,55,113,126],"at":[28],"any":[29],"time.":[30],"In":[31],"this":[32,76,100],"paper,":[33],"we":[34,133],"revisit":[35],"situational":[36],"awareness\u2014a":[37],"term":[38],"with":[39,145,164],"origins":[40],"in":[41,143,169],"reconnaissance":[42],"and":[43,60,69,84,123,135,154],"mission":[44],"planning\u2014and":[45],"develop":[46,107],"a":[47,108,152],"knowledge-based":[48],"approach":[49,77],"for":[50,82],"monitoring":[51],"that":[56,132],"combines":[57],"both":[58],"static":[59],"dynamic":[61],"sources":[62],"information":[64],"enable":[66],"better":[67],"comprehension":[68],"decision":[70],"support.":[71],"At":[72],"core":[74],"is":[78],"abstraction":[80,101],"layer":[81,102],"representing":[83],"interpreting":[85],"granular":[87],"sensor":[88],"data":[89],"reported":[90],"by":[91,151],"system":[95,168],"events.":[96],"We":[97,128],"describe":[98,130],"how":[99],"can":[103],"be":[104],"used":[105],"cognitive":[109],"model":[110],"operator,":[114],"engineer,":[115],"or":[116],"analyst,":[117],"and,":[118],"ultimately,":[119],"filter,":[121],"interpret,":[122],"efficiently":[124],"summarize":[125],"behaviors.":[127],"also":[129],"interfaces":[131],"developed":[134],"discuss":[136],"some":[137],"actual":[138],"utility":[139,153],"use":[140],"cases":[141],"implemented":[142],"partnership":[144],"Hydro-Qu\u00e9bec,":[146],"Canada's":[147],"largest":[148,159,166],"electricity":[149],"generator":[150],"one":[155],"world's":[158],"producers":[160],"clean":[162],"energy":[163],"transmission":[167],"North":[170],"America.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
