{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982426081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1147/rd.483.0569","title":"Accelerating system integration by enhancing hardware, firmware, and co-simulation","display_name":"Accelerating system integration by enhancing hardware, firmware, and co-simulation","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982426081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1147/rd.483.0569","mag":"1982426081"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1147/rd.483.0569","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1147/rd.483.0569","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219925","display_name":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","issn_l":"0018-8646","issn":["0018-8646","2151-8556"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320652","host_organization_name":"IBM","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320652"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IBM"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058612894","display_name":"Klaus-Dieter Schubert","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095996","display_name":"IBM (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00pm7rm97","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210095996"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.-D. Schubert","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Systems and Technology Group, IBM Entwicklung GmbH, Boblingen, Germany","IBM Systems and Technology Group, IBM Deutschland Entwicklung GmbH, Schoenaicherstrasse 220, 71032 Boeblingen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, IBM Entwicklung GmbH, Boblingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095996"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, IBM Deutschland Entwicklung GmbH, Schoenaicherstrasse 220, 71032 Boeblingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011151519","display_name":"E. C. McCain","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. C. McCain","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Systems and Technology Group, Poughkeepsie, NY, USA","IBM Systems and Technology Group, 2455 South Road, Poughkeepsie, New York#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, Poughkeepsie, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, 2455 South Road, Poughkeepsie, New York#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053230976","display_name":"Hans\u2010Christoph Pape","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2059-4980"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095996","display_name":"IBM (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00pm7rm97","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210095996"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Pape","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Systems and Technology Group, IBM Entwicklung GmbH, Boblingen, Germany","IBM Systems and Technology Group, IBM Deutschland Entwicklung GmbH, Schoenaicherstrasse 220, 71032 Boeblingen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, IBM Entwicklung GmbH, Boblingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095996"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, IBM Deutschland Entwicklung GmbH, Schoenaicherstrasse 220, 71032 Boeblingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038101701","display_name":"K. Rebmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095996","display_name":"IBM (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00pm7rm97","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210095996"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Rebmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Systems and Technology Group, IBM Entwicklung GmbH, Boblingen, Germany","IBM Systems and Technology Group, IBM Deutschland Entwicklung GmbH, Schoenaicherstrasse 220, 71032 Boeblingen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, IBM Entwicklung GmbH, Boblingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095996"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, IBM Deutschland Entwicklung GmbH, Schoenaicherstrasse 220, 71032 Boeblingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040070724","display_name":"Perry West","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. M. West","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Systems and Technology Group, Poughkeepsie, NY, USA","IBM Systems and Technology Group, 2455 South Road, Poughkeepsie, New York#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, Poughkeepsie, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, 2455 South Road, Poughkeepsie, New York#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031429880","display_name":"Ralf Winkelmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095996","display_name":"IBM (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00pm7rm97","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210095996"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Winkelmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Systems and Technology Group, IBM Entwicklung GmbH, Boblingen, Germany","IBM Systems and Technology Group, IBM Deutschland Entwicklung GmbH, Schoenaicherstrasse 220, 71032 Boeblingen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, IBM Entwicklung GmbH, Boblingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095996"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, IBM Deutschland Entwicklung GmbH, Schoenaicherstrasse 220, 71032 Boeblingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095996"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7858,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71127894,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"3.4","first_page":"569","last_page":"581"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firmware","display_name":"Firmware","score":0.9512605667114258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6719143390655518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.6575010418891907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.5460616946220398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcode","display_name":"Microcode","score":0.5408416986465454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5059918761253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ibm","display_name":"IBM","score":0.4855027198791504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.45637595653533936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-integration","display_name":"System integration","score":0.4531557559967041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4507373571395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initialization","display_name":"Initialization","score":0.4489273428916931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.44787344336509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.43371841311454773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.08443066477775574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67212190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104851","display_name":"Firmware","level":2,"score":0.9512605667114258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6719143390655518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.6575010418891907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.5460616946220398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22174128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175869","display_name":"Microcode","level":2,"score":0.5408416986465454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5059918761253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.4855027198791504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.45637595653533936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665453","display_name":"System integration","level":2,"score":0.4531557559967041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4507373571395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114466953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6034165","display_name":"Initialization","level":2,"score":0.4489273428916931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.44787344336509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.43371841311454773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.08443066477775574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1147/rd.483.0569","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1147/rd.483.0569","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219925","display_name":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","issn_l":"0018-8646","issn":["0018-8646","2151-8556"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320652","host_organization_name":"IBM","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320652"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IBM"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481290247","https://openalex.org/W1972629367","https://openalex.org/W2011110651","https://openalex.org/W2043345718","https://openalex.org/W2044195328","https://openalex.org/W2065440049","https://openalex.org/W2081768516","https://openalex.org/W2092540843","https://openalex.org/W2104298839","https://openalex.org/W2135077474","https://openalex.org/W2149445045","https://openalex.org/W2168716512"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2359734510","https://openalex.org/W2392099550","https://openalex.org/W4312287977","https://openalex.org/W2352469758","https://openalex.org/W2365853604","https://openalex.org/W2392113679","https://openalex.org/W2358424493","https://openalex.org/W2370321928","https://openalex.org/W2381152069","https://openalex.org/W2362227989"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"System":[0],"integration":[1,162,243],"of":[2,54,75,85,88,112,147,150,177,207,233],"an":[3,70,76],"IBM":[4],"eServer\u2122":[5],"z990":[6,10,25],"begins":[7],"when":[8],"a":[9,24,159],"book,":[11],"which":[12],"houses":[13],"the":[14,33,59,66,86,89,110,113,130,133,148,173,178,183,186,192,203,231,234,245],"main":[15],"processors,":[16],"memory,":[17],"and":[18,37,68,83,136,143,156,191,196,216,226],"I/O":[19],"adapters,":[20],"is":[21,30,39,52,100,126,182],"installed":[22],"in":[23,32,158],"frame,":[26],"Licensed":[27],"Internal":[28],"Code":[29],"\u201cbooted\u201d":[31],"service":[34,193],"element":[35,194],"(SE),":[36],"power":[38],"turned":[40],"on.":[41],"This":[42,123,168],"initial":[43,71],"system":[44,90,161,242],"\u201cbringup,\u201d":[45],"also":[46,201],"referred":[47,139],"to":[48,102,121,140,219,241],"as":[49,141],"post-silicon":[50],"integration,":[51],"composed":[53],"three":[55],"major":[56],"steps:":[57],"initializing":[58],"chips,":[60],"loading":[61],"embedded":[62],"code":[63],"(firmware)":[64],"into":[65],"system,":[67],"starting":[69],"program":[72],"load":[73],"(IPL)":[74],"operating":[77],"system.":[78],"These":[79],"processes":[80],"are":[81,96],"serialized,":[82],"verification":[84,119,176],"majority":[87],"components":[91,115,135,152],"cannot":[92],"begin":[93],"until":[94],"they":[95],"complete.":[97],"Therefore,":[98],"it":[99,229],"important":[101],"shorten":[103],"this":[104],"critical":[105],"time":[106,213],"period":[107],"by":[108],"improving":[109],"quality":[111],"integrated":[114],"through":[116],"more":[117],"comprehensive":[118,236],"prior":[120],"manufacturing.":[122],"enhanced":[124,198],"coverage":[125],"focused":[127],"on":[128,172,197],"verifying":[129],"interaction":[131],"between":[132,185],"hardware":[134,142,174,208],"firmware":[137],"(often":[138],"software":[144],"co-simulation).":[145],"Verification":[146],"activities":[149],"these":[151],"first":[153],"occurs":[154],"independently":[155],"culminates":[157],"pre-silicon":[160],"process,":[163],"or":[164],"virtual":[165],"power-on":[166],"(VPO).":[167],"paper":[169],"focuses":[170],"primarily":[171],"subsystem":[175],"CLK":[179],"chip":[180],"[which":[181],"interface":[184],"central":[187],"electronic":[188],"complex":[189],"(CEC)":[190],"(SE)]":[195],"co-simulation.":[199],"It":[200],"considers":[202],"various":[204],"environments":[205],"(collections":[206],"simulation":[209,237],"models,":[210],"firmware,":[211],"execution":[212],"control":[214],"code,":[215],"test":[217],"cases":[218],"stimulate":[220],"model":[221],"behavior),":[222],"with":[223,239],"their":[224],"advantages":[225],"disadvantages.":[227],"Finally,":[228],"discusses":[230],"results":[232],"improved":[235],"effort":[238],"respect":[240],"for":[244],"z990.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
