{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2045045795","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1147/jrd.2009.5429059","title":"BlueStar: A federation-based approach to building Internet-scale data centers","display_name":"BlueStar: A federation-based approach to building Internet-scale data centers","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2045045795","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1147/jrd.2009.5429059","mag":"2045045795"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1147/jrd.2009.5429059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1147/jrd.2009.5429059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219925","display_name":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","issn_l":"0018-8646","issn":["0018-8646","2151-8556"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320652","host_organization_name":"IBM","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320652"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IBM"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110085133","display_name":"A. Neogi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129961","display_name":"IBM (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/034ahpr11","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210129961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100303","display_name":"Biotech Park","ror":"https://ror.org/00mv0vt78","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100303"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Neogi","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM India Pvt. Ltd., IBM Software Group, Tivoli, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech PK Phase 2, Plot No. PL-3 MIDC, Hinjewadi, Village Limit of Marunji, Pune MH 411057, India","IBM India Pvt. Ltd., IBM Software Group, Pune, MH, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM India Pvt. Ltd., IBM Software Group, Tivoli, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech PK Phase 2, Plot No. PL-3 MIDC, Hinjewadi, Village Limit of Marunji, Pune MH 411057, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100303"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM India Pvt. Ltd., IBM Software Group, Pune, MH, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038700746","display_name":"Ajay Mohindra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5757-5556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Mohindra","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, New York 10598, USA","IBM Research Division, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, New York#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, New York 10598, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, New York#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100645475","display_name":"V. Balaji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3426-6766"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103279","display_name":"IBM Research - India","ror":"https://ror.org/014wt7r80","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210103279","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129961","display_name":"IBM (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/034ahpr11","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210129961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["IN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Viswanathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, IBM India Pvt. Ltd., India Research Labs, Outer Ring Road, Embassy Manyatha B, Rachenahalli and Nagawara Villages, Bangalore KA, 560045, India","IBM Research Division, IBM India Pvt. Ltd., India Research Labs, Bangalore, KA, India#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, IBM India Pvt. Ltd., India Research Labs, Outer Ring Road, Embassy Manyatha B, Rachenahalli and Nagawara Villages, Bangalore KA, 560045, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129961","https://openalex.org/I4210103279"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, IBM India Pvt. Ltd., India Research Labs, Bangalore, KA, India#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111944290","display_name":"Takayuki Kushida","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145865","display_name":"IBM Research - Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/04915qk43","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210145865"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Kushida","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, Tokyo Research Laboratory, A1F 1623-14 Shimotsuruma, Yamato, Kanagawa 242-8502, Japan","IBM Research Division, Tokyo Research Laboratory, Yamato, Kanagawa, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Tokyo Research Laboratory, A1F 1623-14 Shimotsuruma, Yamato, Kanagawa 242-8502, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145865"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Tokyo Research Laboratory, Yamato, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145865"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082446517","display_name":"Hiroshi Horii","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145865","display_name":"IBM Research - Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/04915qk43","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210145865"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Horii","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Division, Tokyo Research Laboratory, A1F 1623-14 Shimotsuruma, Yamato, Kanagawa 242-8502, Japan","IBM Research Division, Tokyo Research Laboratory, Yamato, Kanagawa, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Tokyo Research Laboratory, A1F 1623-14 Shimotsuruma, Yamato, Kanagawa 242-8502, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145865"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Division, Tokyo Research Laboratory, Yamato, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145865"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110085133"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100303","https://openalex.org/I4210129961"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13455293,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"4","first_page":"5:1","last_page":"5:14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center","display_name":"Data center","score":0.7972085475921631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6994196176528931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.6142493486404419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4291410446166992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.4198305308818817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.34406131505966187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.29180026054382324}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153740404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671224","display_name":"Data center","level":2,"score":0.7972085475921631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6994196176528931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.6142493486404419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4291410446166992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.4198305308818817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.34406131505966187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.29180026054382324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1147/jrd.2009.5429059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1147/jrd.2009.5429059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219925","display_name":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","issn_l":"0018-8646","issn":["0018-8646","2151-8556"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320652","host_organization_name":"IBM","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320652"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IBM"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IBM Journal of Research and Development","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513424136","https://openalex.org/W1520458826","https://openalex.org/W1964517503","https://openalex.org/W1979307418","https://openalex.org/W2148103387","https://openalex.org/W2153704625","https://openalex.org/W2169466806","https://openalex.org/W2624304035"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965825568","https://openalex.org/W2181472888","https://openalex.org/W2065457896","https://openalex.org/W3173234801","https://openalex.org/W2942292918","https://openalex.org/W2167984027","https://openalex.org/W3021302227","https://openalex.org/W10630519","https://openalex.org/W1919377569","https://openalex.org/W2078131767"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"the":[3,6,27,41,54,71,76,100,110,137,154],"architecture":[4],"and":[5,17,30,91,125,130,146,181],"implementation":[7,155],"of":[8,23,26,43,64,75,112,117,156],"BlueStar,":[9],"which":[10,47],"uses":[11,40],"a":[12,34,44,164,184],"federation-based":[13],"approach":[14,39,66,97,138],"to":[15,52,57,70,103,108,114,120,143],"design":[16],"build":[18],"Internet-scale":[19,59],"data":[20,36,49,77,134,141,173],"centers.":[21,135],"Instead":[22],"aggregating":[24],"all":[25],"compute,":[28],"storage,":[29],"network":[31],"resources":[32],"in":[33,46],"single":[35],"center,":[37],"our":[38,65],"concept":[42],"federation":[45],"different-size":[48],"centers":[50,142],"participate":[51],"provide":[53],"capacity":[55],"needed":[56],"support":[58,85],"applications.":[60],"The":[61,96],"main":[62],"advantage":[63,116],"is":[67],"that":[68,171],"due":[69,119],"inherent":[72],"geographic":[73],"distribution":[74],"centers,":[78],"applications":[79,113],"can":[80],"be":[81],"easily":[82],"provided":[83],"with":[84],"for":[86],"high":[87],"availability,":[88],"disaster":[89],"recovery,":[90],"localized":[92],"access":[93],"(reduced":[94],"latency).":[95],"also":[98],"enables":[99,139],"service":[101],"providers":[102],"realize":[104],"benefits":[105],"by":[106],"deciding":[107],"locate":[109],"hosting":[111],"take":[115],"savings":[118],"cost":[121],"differentials":[122],"between":[123],"peak":[124],"off-peak":[126],"hours,":[127],"power":[128],"rates,":[129],"cooling":[131],"costs":[132],"across":[133],"Further,":[136],"individual":[140],"maintain":[144],"independence":[145],"operational":[147],"control":[148],"over":[149],"their":[150],"resources.":[151],"We":[152],"discuss":[153],"BlueStar":[157],"using":[158],"two":[159],"sample":[160],"composite":[161],"applications:":[162],"BlueMaps,":[163],"server-side":[165],"mashup":[166],"application":[167,170],"(i.e.,":[168],"an":[169],"provides":[172],"or":[174],"functionality":[175],"from":[176],"more":[177],"than":[178],"one":[179],"location),":[180],"Lotus\u00ae":[182],"Connections,":[183],"collaboration":[185],"application.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}