{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7169842157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820441.3820464","title":"LFRI: Efficient Routing Emulation for LEO Mega-Constellations","display_name":"LFRI: Efficient Routing Emulation for LEO Mega-Constellations","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7169842157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820441.3820464"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3820441.3820464","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820441.3820464","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th Asia-Pacific Workshop on Networking","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820441.3820464","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5141313545","display_name":"Wenhao Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3202-5351"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenhao Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National College for Excellent Engineers, Beihang University, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3202-5351","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National College for Excellent Engineers, Beihang University, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100462285","display_name":"Zhiyuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1966-2421"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1966-2421","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100325412","display_name":"Shan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0978-3414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0978-3414","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051588201","display_name":"Hongbin Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6807-512X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongbin Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6807-512X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"151","last_page":"157"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":null,"topics":[],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulation","display_name":"Emulation","score":0.6866000294685364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.5544000267982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.5480999946594238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol","display_name":"Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol","score":0.5062999725341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.4499000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-routing","display_name":"Static routing","score":0.4496000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-source-routing","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","score":0.4368000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.41589999198913574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.6866000294685364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6599000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6305999755859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.5544000267982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.5480999946594238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87044965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091139","display_name":"Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol","level":5,"score":0.5062999725341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.4499000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204948658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1119410","display_name":"Static routing","level":4,"score":0.4496000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9659607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268903","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","level":4,"score":0.4368000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.41589999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184896649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290066","display_name":"Routing table","level":4,"score":0.39629998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.38769999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44010500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1422567","display_name":"Source routing","level":5,"score":0.3847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177818476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12878103","display_name":"Hierarchical routing","level":5,"score":0.3824999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89305328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755411","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","level":4,"score":0.31940001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115443555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5367790","display_name":"Equal-cost multi-path routing","level":5,"score":0.30709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76522221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5035396","display_name":"Multipath routing","level":5,"score":0.30630001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3012999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146778888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836862","display_name":"Installation","level":2,"score":0.2824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26930001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196423136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7209671","display_name":"Policy-based routing","level":5,"score":0.2639000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94600068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7371621","display_name":"Routing domain","level":5,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189884158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8073926","display_name":"Zone Routing Protocol","level":5,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.2563999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203274722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001161","display_name":"Network performance","level":2,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3820441.3820464","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820441.3820464","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th Asia-Pacific Workshop on Networking","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3820441.3820464","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820441.3820464","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th Asia-Pacific Workshop on Networking","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2764015261","https://openalex.org/W2903038868","https://openalex.org/W2956241431","https://openalex.org/W3196941187","https://openalex.org/W4237101508","https://openalex.org/W4237435101","https://openalex.org/W4247255165","https://openalex.org/W4386245158","https://openalex.org/W4386562082","https://openalex.org/W4393972793","https://openalex.org/W4394564821","https://openalex.org/W4402915109","https://openalex.org/W4411725910","https://openalex.org/W4411950858","https://openalex.org/W4412164105","https://openalex.org/W6884622701","https://openalex.org/W6884624969","https://openalex.org/W7126167394"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"demand":[1],"for":[2,22,57],"Low-earth-orbit":[3],"(LEO)":[4],"satellite":[5,13,24,29,161],"networking":[6,19],"and":[7,68,87,101,132,190,197],"routing":[8,49,71,74,121,176],"is":[9],"continuously":[10],"growing.":[11],"Container-based":[12],"network":[14,30,34],"emulation":[15,80],"becomes":[16],"an":[17],"important":[18],"evaluation":[20,85],"choice":[21],"LEO":[23,60,160],"network.":[25],"While":[26],"many":[27],"container-based":[28],"emulators":[31],"optimize":[32],"virtual":[33],"efficiency,":[35],"they":[36],"often":[37],"overlook":[38],"route":[39,111,134,149],"installation":[40,75,116,127,150,177],"latency\u2014the":[41],"duration":[42],"of":[43,158],"installing":[44],"computed":[45],"routes":[46],"into":[47],"kernel":[48],"table.":[50],"This":[51],"latency":[52,76,151],"represents":[53],"a":[54,99,125,171],"significant":[55],"bottleneck":[56],"emulating":[58],"large-scale":[59],"constellations,":[61,162],"which":[62],"are":[63],"characterized":[64],"by":[65,152],"dynamic":[66],"topologies":[67],"frequent,":[69],"massive":[70],"re-convergences.":[72],"High":[73],"not":[77],"only":[78],"reduces":[79,147],"efficiency":[81],"but":[82],"also":[83],"compromises":[84],"reliability":[86],"renders":[88],"subsequent":[89],"data":[90],"transmission":[91],"experiments":[92],"infeasible.":[93],"In":[94],"this":[95],"paper,":[96],"we":[97],"present":[98],"Lock-Free":[100],"Filtered":[102],"Route":[103],"Installation":[104],"(LFRI)":[105],"mechanism.":[106],"LFRI":[107,123,146,193],"filters":[108],"out":[109],"non-effective":[110],"installations,":[112],"thereby":[113],"shortening":[114],"the":[115,120,142,148,183],"procedure":[117],"without":[118],"changing":[119],"results.":[122],"employs":[124],"lock-free":[126],"mechanism":[128],"that":[129],"enables":[130],"parallelized":[131],"efficient":[133],"installation.":[135],"Experimental":[136],"results":[137],"demonstrate":[138],"that,":[139],"compared":[140],"to":[141,154,166,175],"legacy":[143],"Netlink":[144],"installation,":[145],"up":[153],"99.9%":[155],"in":[156,182],"emulations":[157],"typical":[159],"bringing":[163],"it":[164],"down":[165],"under":[167],"ten":[168],"milliseconds,":[169],"within":[170],"performance":[172],"level":[173],"comparable":[174],"on":[178],"physical":[179],"machines.":[180],"Meanwhile,":[181],"case":[184],"study":[185],"evaluating":[186],"path":[187],"availability":[188],"ratio":[189],"restoration":[191],"time,":[192],"yields":[194],"more":[195],"consistent":[196],"credible":[198],"experimental":[199],"data.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T06:00:27.337203","created_date":"2026-07-22T00:00:00"}