{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7164042082","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3798129.3800782","title":"SNARGs for NP and Non-signaling PCPs, Revisited","display_name":"SNARGs for NP and Non-signaling PCPs, Revisited","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7164042082","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3798129.3800782"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3798129.3800782","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3798129.3800782","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 58th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3798129.3800782","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075853205","display_name":"Lalita Devadas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6869-8690"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lalita Devadas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6869-8690","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073994272","display_name":"Samuel B. Hopkins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6519-8079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel B. Hopkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6519-8079","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135684142","display_name":"Yael Tauman Kalai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yael Tauman Kalai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9406-7734","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068103506","display_name":"Pravesh K. Kothari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8689-6770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pravesh K. Kothari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University, Princeton, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8689-6770","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University, Princeton, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007205624","display_name":"Alex Lombardi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0471-5379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Lombardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University, Princeton, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0471-5379","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University, Princeton, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027918715","display_name":"Surya Mathialagan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4904-3637"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Surya Mathialagan","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT Research, Sunnyvale, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4904-3637","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT Research, Sunnyvale, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91694603,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"665","last_page":"674"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10617","display_name":"Cellular transport and secretion","score":0.3176000118255615,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10617","display_name":"Cellular transport and secretion","score":0.3176000118255615,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.05130000039935112,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11642","display_name":"Genomics and Rare Diseases","score":0.04190000146627426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.5090000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.32260000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axiom","display_name":"Axiom","score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calculus","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","score":0.2921000123023987}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.5090000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43309998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.41339999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.32260000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167729594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17736","display_name":"Axiom","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777686260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q144037","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","level":2,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.26510000228881836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3798129.3800782","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3798129.3800782","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 58th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3798129.3800782","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3798129.3800782","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 58th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G453140244","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2154149","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6291162331","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2211971","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6723823534","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2047933","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6920087932","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2238080","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984153141","https://openalex.org/W2023675273","https://openalex.org/W2038107109","https://openalex.org/W2052267638","https://openalex.org/W2056382067","https://openalex.org/W2063416709","https://openalex.org/W2065661182","https://openalex.org/W2067047774","https://openalex.org/W2126661026","https://openalex.org/W2143391442","https://openalex.org/W2161196440","https://openalex.org/W2163546623","https://openalex.org/W2293021588","https://openalex.org/W2625723895","https://openalex.org/W2766830205","https://openalex.org/W2799252312","https://openalex.org/W2809293764","https://openalex.org/W2809609136","https://openalex.org/W2811194755","https://openalex.org/W2885080125","https://openalex.org/W2946907515","https://openalex.org/W2951221994","https://openalex.org/W2951723981","https://openalex.org/W3082860856","https://openalex.org/W3212906231","https://openalex.org/W4214811950","https://openalex.org/W4285136272","https://openalex.org/W4312735032","https://openalex.org/W4313043520","https://openalex.org/W4313227231","https://openalex.org/W4313227396","https://openalex.org/W4376639523","https://openalex.org/W4385654169","https://openalex.org/W4385654459","https://openalex.org/W4399521422","https://openalex.org/W4399522298","https://openalex.org/W4411319985","https://openalex.org/W7128619870"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"revisit":[1],"the":[2,43],"question":[3],"of":[4,17,42],"whether":[5],"it":[6],"is":[7],"possible":[8],"to":[9,39],"build":[10],"succinct":[11],"non-interactive":[12],"arguments":[13],"(SNARGs)":[14],"for":[15],"all":[16,41],"NP":[18],"under":[19],"standard":[20],"assumptions":[21],"using":[22,35],"non-signaling":[23],"probabilistically":[24],"checkable":[25],"proofs":[26],"[Kalai-Raz-Rothblum,":[27],"STOC\u2019":[28],"14].":[29],"In":[30],"particular,":[31],"we":[32],"observe":[33],"that":[34],"exponential-length":[36],"PCPs":[37],"appears":[38],"circumvent":[40],"existing":[44],"barriers.":[45]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-06-10T00:00:00"}