{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415965968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769994.3770009","title":"Navigating Appropriate Help-seeking with LLMs: Associations with Motivation and Beliefs in a CS course","display_name":"Navigating Appropriate Help-seeking with LLMs: Associations with Motivation and Beliefs in a CS course","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415965968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769994.3770009"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3769994.3770009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769994.3770009","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 25th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769994.3770009","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055783560","display_name":"Stephanie Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7737-6729"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephanie Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7737-6729","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039556460","display_name":"Melissa Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1897-614X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melissa Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1897-614X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075953566","display_name":"Bertrand Schneider","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0922-2593"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bertrand Schneider","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0922-2593","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055783560"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1733,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91083304,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9070000052452087,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9070000052452087,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.011900000274181366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.008799999952316284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chatbot","display_name":"Chatbot","score":0.840499997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ask-price","display_name":"Ask price","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploratory-research","display_name":"Exploratory research","score":0.41040000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orientation","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","score":0.36169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variation","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","score":0.3598000109195709}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779041454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870780","display_name":"Chatbot","level":2,"score":0.840499997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6632999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90329073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q914232","display_name":"Ask price","level":2,"score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85973986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091731","display_name":"Exploratory research","level":2,"score":0.41040000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.382999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.37950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.36169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.3598000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13606891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623243","display_name":"Conceptual model","level":2,"score":0.32919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.3089999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.30869999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.30820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777552389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1962728","display_name":"Course (navigation)","level":2,"score":0.2799000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776849261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287198","display_name":"Online chat","level":3,"score":0.2639000117778778}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3769994.3770009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769994.3770009","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 25th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3769994.3770009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769994.3770009","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 25th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979591413","https://openalex.org/W1983906547","https://openalex.org/W1985640196","https://openalex.org/W2001319819","https://openalex.org/W2006191364","https://openalex.org/W2008426047","https://openalex.org/W2013811491","https://openalex.org/W2020985469","https://openalex.org/W2030753426","https://openalex.org/W2032350718","https://openalex.org/W2037638156","https://openalex.org/W2070635017","https://openalex.org/W2077717100","https://openalex.org/W2111227071","https://openalex.org/W2115269749","https://openalex.org/W2162535192","https://openalex.org/W2167252040","https://openalex.org/W2279275920","https://openalex.org/W2586731707","https://openalex.org/W2605054255","https://openalex.org/W2605352498","https://openalex.org/W3048222927","https://openalex.org/W3134693248","https://openalex.org/W3212315935","https://openalex.org/W4200509275","https://openalex.org/W4241206097","https://openalex.org/W4284880083","https://openalex.org/W4311855218","https://openalex.org/W4320926411","https://openalex.org/W4323036864","https://openalex.org/W4323037544","https://openalex.org/W4386584937","https://openalex.org/W4387020654","https://openalex.org/W4390490759","https://openalex.org/W4390490804","https://openalex.org/W4391584331","https://openalex.org/W4392563703","https://openalex.org/W4396832139","https://openalex.org/W4396833177","https://openalex.org/W4398796607","https://openalex.org/W4399554371","https://openalex.org/W4400267629","https://openalex.org/W4400268469","https://openalex.org/W4400412143","https://openalex.org/W4401357808","https://openalex.org/W4402389802","https://openalex.org/W4404315937","https://openalex.org/W4404316547","https://openalex.org/W4404874258","https://openalex.org/W4405211386","https://openalex.org/W4407740552","https://openalex.org/W4407760896","https://openalex.org/W4409211845","https://openalex.org/W4410854443","https://openalex.org/W4411374264","https://openalex.org/W4411374502","https://openalex.org/W4411374650","https://openalex.org/W6910903931","https://openalex.org/W6929217694"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"large":[1],"language":[2],"model":[3],"(LLM)-based":[4],"chatbots":[5],"become":[6],"more":[7,158,177,207],"accessible,":[8],"introductory":[9],"computer":[10],"science":[11],"(CS1)":[12],"students":[13,25,56,90,111,149,166],"are":[14],"increasingly":[15],"using":[16],"these":[17,28],"tools":[18,29],"for":[19,66,95,181,189,215],"help":[20],"on":[21],"programming":[22],"assignments.":[23,45],"However,":[24],"may":[26,205],"use":[27,40,141,195],"differently:":[30],"some":[31],"seek":[32],"to":[33,42,124,156,179],"deepen":[34],"their":[35,64,74,126],"conceptual":[36,159],"understanding":[37],"while":[38],"others":[39],"them":[41],"complete":[43],"entire":[44],"This":[46],"variation":[47],"raises":[48],"important":[49],"questions":[50,160],"about":[51,71,139],"the":[52,104,115,122,143,187,219],"types":[53],"of":[54,117,172,221],"assistance":[55],"consider":[57],"acceptable":[58,175],"with":[59,150],"a":[60,92,108,151],"chatbot":[61,101,123],"and":[62,69,86,106,112,137,161,199,218],"how":[63],"motivations":[65],"learning":[67],"CS":[68],"beliefs":[70,138],"acceptability":[72],"shape":[73],"actual":[75],"usage":[76],"patterns.":[77],"To":[78],"address":[79],"this":[80],"question,":[81],"we":[82],"collected":[83],"chat":[84],"logs":[85],"survey":[87,109,129],"data":[88],"from":[89],"in":[91,142,196],"CS1":[93,197],"course":[94],"non-CS":[96],"majors.":[97],"We":[98,210],"analyzed":[99],"students\u2019":[100,132],"interactions":[102],"throughout":[103],"semester":[105],"administered":[107],"where":[110],"TAs":[113],"rated":[114],"appropriateness":[116],"various":[118],"requests":[119],"(e.g.,":[120],"asking":[121],"solve":[125],"bug).":[127],"The":[128],"also":[130],"measured":[131],"goal":[133],"orientations,":[134],"task":[135],"value,":[136],"LLM":[140,194],"future.":[144],"Exploratory":[145],"correlations":[146],"showed":[147],"that":[148,201],"higher":[152],"mastery-approach":[153],"orientation":[154,204],"tended":[155],"ask":[157,180],"fewer":[162],"implementation-focused":[163],"ones.":[164],"Conversely,":[165],"who":[167],"believed":[168],"less":[169],"appropriate":[170,193],"uses":[171],"LLMs":[173],"were":[174,176],"likely":[178],"implementation":[182],"help.":[183],"Our":[184],"findings":[185],"highlight":[186],"need":[188],"explicit":[190],"guidance":[191],"around":[192],"courses":[198],"suggest":[200],"fostering":[202],"mastery":[203],"encourage":[206],"productive":[208],"help-seeking.":[209],"conclude":[211],"by":[212],"discussing":[213],"implications":[214],"instructional":[216],"practice":[217],"design":[220],"pedagogical":[222],"chatbots.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-11-06T00:00:00"}