{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392845539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3625007.3627491","title":"A Multidisciplinary Lens of Bias in Hate Speech","display_name":"A Multidisciplinary Lens of Bias in Hate Speech","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392845539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3625007.3627491"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3625007.3627491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3625007.3627491","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3625007.3627491","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3625007.3627491","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000893488","display_name":"Paula Reyero Lobo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5238-4550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","display_name":"The Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mzfcs16","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paula Reyero Lobo","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5238-4550","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014488352","display_name":"Joseph Kwarteng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6576-5678"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","display_name":"The Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mzfcs16","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Kwarteng","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6576-5678","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024040515","display_name":"Mayra Russo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7080-6331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136150","display_name":"L3S Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/039t4wk02","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103","https://openalex.org/I4210136150","https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mayra Russo","raw_affiliation_strings":["L3S Research Center & Leibniz Universitat Hannover, Hannover, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7080-6331","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"L3S Research Center & Leibniz Universitat Hannover, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136150","https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067545596","display_name":"Miriam Fahimi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0619-3160"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166741","display_name":"University of Klagenfurt","ror":"https://ror.org/05q9m0937","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166741"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miriam Fahimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0619-3160","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166741"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052000797","display_name":"Kristen M. Scott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3920-5017"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristen Scott","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3920-5017","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114377746","display_name":"Antonio Ferrara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0784-1115"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Ferrara","raw_affiliation_strings":["RWTH Aachen, Cologne, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0784-1115","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH Aachen, Cologne, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048901866","display_name":"Indira Sen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3475-0371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Indira Sen","raw_affiliation_strings":["RWTH Aachen, Cologne, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3475-0371","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH Aachen, Cologne, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090994054","display_name":"Miriam Fern\u00e1ndez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5939-4321"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","display_name":"The Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mzfcs16","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miriam Fernandez","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5939-4321","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000893488"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1704,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60888436,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"121","last_page":"125"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13959","display_name":"Swearing, Euphemism, Multilingualism","score":0.9598000049591064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidisciplinary-approach","display_name":"Multidisciplinary approach","score":0.6782848834991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lens","display_name":"Lens (geology)","score":0.5548654794692993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5451301336288452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/through-the-lens-metering","display_name":"Through-the-lens metering","score":0.4776243567466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.2832889258861542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.22699454426765442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.14894509315490723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.04943773150444031}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22467394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849359","display_name":"Multidisciplinary approach","level":2,"score":0.6782848834991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15336307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051","display_name":"Lens (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5548654794692993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5451301336288452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43091099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1067788","display_name":"Through-the-lens metering","level":3,"score":0.4776243567466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2832889258861542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.22699454426765442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.14894509315490723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.04943773150444031}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3625007.3627491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3625007.3627491","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3625007.3627491","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:20.500.12942/741945","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/20.500.12942/741945","pdf_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/1c30e121-bdde-4053-9159-44dc78307bd8","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"15th IEEE/ACM Annual International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM), TURKEY, Kusadasi, 6-9 November 2023","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oro.open.ac.uk:94708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://oro.open.ac.uk/94708/1/019_019_118.pdf","pdf_url":"https://oro.open.ac.uk/94708/7/2023_11_asonam_short.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401187","display_name":"Open Research Online (The Open University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","host_organization_name":"The Open University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3625007.3627491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3625007.3627491","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3625007.3627491","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392845539.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392845539.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W64581525","https://openalex.org/W2141882545","https://openalex.org/W2563852449","https://openalex.org/W2790931064","https://openalex.org/W2911227954","https://openalex.org/W2954566102","https://openalex.org/W2954709811","https://openalex.org/W3018104257","https://openalex.org/W3022133124","https://openalex.org/W3091315987","https://openalex.org/W3120042896","https://openalex.org/W3122907670","https://openalex.org/W3165420955","https://openalex.org/W3168006205","https://openalex.org/W3169973903","https://openalex.org/W3172100757","https://openalex.org/W3199271738","https://openalex.org/W3201375796","https://openalex.org/W3206621920","https://openalex.org/W4200632307","https://openalex.org/W4233898830","https://openalex.org/W4283165820","https://openalex.org/W4286981311","https://openalex.org/W4287888492","https://openalex.org/W4308747251","https://openalex.org/W4308789076","https://openalex.org/W4317566631","https://openalex.org/W4367047467","https://openalex.org/W4377865288","https://openalex.org/W6767440470","https://openalex.org/W6769233114","https://openalex.org/W6808693749","https://openalex.org/W6810460634","https://openalex.org/W6811245282","https://openalex.org/W6839062905"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4321486002","https://openalex.org/W2050941231","https://openalex.org/W2348285641","https://openalex.org/W4321517506","https://openalex.org/W2390629623","https://openalex.org/W4251444559","https://openalex.org/W2386987825","https://openalex.org/W2294467482","https://openalex.org/W1992121547","https://openalex.org/W2065116633"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hate":[0],"speech":[1,110],"detection":[2,111],"systems":[3,112],"may":[4],"exhibit":[5],"discriminatory":[6],"behaviours.":[7],"Research":[8],"in":[9,113,139],"this":[10,53,65,92,140],"field":[11],"has":[12],"focused":[13],"primarily":[14],"on":[15,99],"issues":[16,32],"of":[17,23,33,60,91,126],"discrimination":[18],"toward":[19],"the":[20,76,82,85],"language":[21],"use":[22],"minoritised":[24],"communities":[25],"and":[26,37,69,88,132],"non-White":[27],"aligned":[28],"English.":[29],"The":[30,95],"interrelated":[31],"bias,":[34],"model":[35,71],"robustness,":[36],"disproportionate":[38],"harms":[39],"are":[40],"weakly":[41],"addressed":[42],"by":[43],"recent":[44],"evaluation":[45],"approaches,":[46],"which":[47],"capture":[48],"them":[49],"only":[50,81],"implicitly.":[51],"In":[52],"paper,":[54],"we":[55,74],"recruit":[56],"a":[57,129],"multidisciplinary":[58],"group":[59],"experts":[61,77],"to":[62,78,119],"bring":[63,117],"closer":[64],"divide":[66],"between":[67],"fairness":[68],"trustworthy":[70],"evaluation.":[72],"Specifically,":[73],"encourage":[75],"discuss":[79],"not":[80],"technical,":[83],"but":[84],"social,":[86],"ethical,":[87],"legal":[89],"aspects":[90],"timely":[93],"issue.":[94],"discussion":[96],"sheds":[97],"light":[98],"critical":[100],"bias":[101,127],"facets":[102],"that":[103],"require":[104],"careful":[105],"considerations":[106],"when":[107],"deploying":[108],"hate":[109],"society.":[114],"Crucially,":[115],"they":[116],"clarity":[118],"different":[120],"approaches":[121],"for":[122,136],"assessing,":[123],"becoming":[124],"aware":[125],"from":[128],"broader":[130],"perspective,":[131],"offer":[133],"valuable":[134],"recommendations":[135],"future":[137],"research":[138],"field.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}