{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4380873603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3581791.3596856","title":"Wireless earbuds for low-cost hearing screening","display_name":"Wireless earbuds for low-cost hearing screening","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4380873603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3581791.3596856"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3581791.3596856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3581791.3596856","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3581791.3596856","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 21st Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3581791.3596856","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062650938","display_name":"Justin Chan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1471-6187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Justin Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1471-6187","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009739157","display_name":"Antonio Glenn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5564-1845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Glenn","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5564-1845","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035670633","display_name":"Malek Itani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7249-2641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malek Itani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7249-2641","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061791491","display_name":"Lisa R. Mancl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8171-3517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa R. Mancl","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8171-3517","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056536370","display_name":"Emily R. Gallagher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3266-8166"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1295499534","display_name":"Seattle Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01njes783","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295499534"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emily Gallagher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seattle Children's Hospital and Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3266-8166","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seattle Children's Hospital and Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1295499534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037647476","display_name":"Randall A. Bly","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Randall Bly","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5308-527X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039879761","display_name":"Shwetak Patel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6300-4389"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shwetak Patel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington and Google, Seattle, WA, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6300-4389","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington and Google, Seattle, WA, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011077730","display_name":"Shyamnath Gollakota","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9863-3054"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shyamnath Gollakota","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9863-3054","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062650938"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0545,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86467882,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"84","last_page":"95"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10283","display_name":"Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10283","display_name":"Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11692","display_name":"Noise Effects and Management","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3616","display_name":"Speech and Hearing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10334","display_name":"Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2809","display_name":"Sensory Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.6449233293533325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.6348603963851929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6198580861091614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.47780829668045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hearing-loss","display_name":"Hearing loss","score":0.4507109224796295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audiology","display_name":"Audiology","score":0.4232217073440552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.41888168454170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.303555965423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21047693490982056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.20974692702293396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.15989211201667786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.10211563110351562}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.6449233293533325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.6348603963851929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6198580861091614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.47780829668045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780493683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16035842","display_name":"Hearing loss","level":2,"score":0.4507109224796295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.4232217073440552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.41888168454170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.303555965423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21047693490982056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.20974692702293396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.15989211201667786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.10211563110351562}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3581791.3596856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3581791.3596856","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3581791.3596856","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 21st Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3581791.3596856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3581791.3596856","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3581791.3596856","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 21st Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4380873603.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4380873603.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W101547076","https://openalex.org/W280165976","https://openalex.org/W636893921","https://openalex.org/W1416637655","https://openalex.org/W1901582343","https://openalex.org/W1966711673","https://openalex.org/W2011820705","https://openalex.org/W2014248633","https://openalex.org/W2029939877","https://openalex.org/W2035375351","https://openalex.org/W2049102940","https://openalex.org/W2081721156","https://openalex.org/W2091752524","https://openalex.org/W2104637480","https://openalex.org/W2115274140","https://openalex.org/W2222419703","https://openalex.org/W2413000755","https://openalex.org/W2615370097","https://openalex.org/W2889016544","https://openalex.org/W2896518452","https://openalex.org/W2979514732","https://openalex.org/W3089228032","https://openalex.org/W3129171291","https://openalex.org/W3205168378","https://openalex.org/W4205537887","https://openalex.org/W4212872803","https://openalex.org/W4231067411","https://openalex.org/W4255489549","https://openalex.org/W4283010509","https://openalex.org/W4283017238","https://openalex.org/W4283028077","https://openalex.org/W4283031696","https://openalex.org/W4299809900","https://openalex.org/W4307717098","https://openalex.org/W6662701482","https://openalex.org/W6669520506","https://openalex.org/W6762585421"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3112081258","https://openalex.org/W1480343695","https://openalex.org/W2332949289","https://openalex.org/W98805669","https://openalex.org/W2315892906","https://openalex.org/W2792514479","https://openalex.org/W2392214114","https://openalex.org/W2383801459","https://openalex.org/W2545256787","https://openalex.org/W4233785208"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,59,111],"present":[1],"the":[2,27,32,127,143],"first":[3],"wireless":[4,64,74],"earbud":[5],"hardware":[6,69],"that":[7,21,61,126],"can":[8,78],"perform":[9,84],"hearing":[10,44,85,131,166],"screening":[11,45,167],"by":[12,31,62,168],"detecting":[13,22],"otoacoustic":[14,23,81,104],"emissions.":[15],"The":[16],"conventional":[17],"wisdom":[18],"has":[19],"been":[20],"emissions,":[24],"which":[25,139],"are":[26,51],"faint":[28],"sounds":[29],"generated":[30],"cochlea,":[33],"requires":[34],"sensitive":[35],"and":[36,50,55,70,83,109,136,153],"expensive":[37],"acoustic":[38,68],"hardware.":[39],"Thus,":[40],"medical":[41,148,171],"devices":[42],"for":[43],"cost":[46],"thousands":[47],"of":[48,145],"dollars":[49],"inaccessible":[52],"in":[53,165],"low":[54],"middle":[56],"income":[57],"countries.":[58],"show":[60],"designing":[63],"ear-buds":[65],"using":[66],"low-cost":[67,99,128,152],"combining":[71],"them":[72],"with":[73,93,116,133],"sensing":[75],"algorithms,":[76],"we":[77],"reliably":[79,102],"identify":[80],"emissions":[82,105],"screening.":[86],"Our":[87,123],"algorithms":[88],"combine":[89],"frequency":[90],"modulated":[91],"chirps":[92],"wideband":[94],"pulses":[95],"emitted":[96],"from":[97,106],"a":[98,113,146],"speaker":[100],"to":[101,142],"separate":[103],"in-ear":[107],"reflections":[108],"echoes.":[110],"conducted":[112],"clinical":[114],"study":[115,124],"50":[117],"ears":[118],"across":[119],"two":[120],"healthcare":[121],"sites.":[122],"shows":[125],"earbuds":[129],"detect":[130],"loss":[132],"100%":[134],"sensitivity":[135],"89.7%":[137],"specificity,":[138],"is":[140],"comparable":[141],"performance":[144],"$8000":[147],"device.":[149],"By":[150],"developing":[151],"open-source":[154],"wearable":[155],"technology,":[156],"our":[157],"work":[158],"may":[159],"help":[160],"address":[161],"global":[162],"health":[163],"inequities":[164],"democratizing":[169],"these":[170],"devices.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
