{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3193928911","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481312.3481347","title":"An Experience of Introducing Primary School Children to Programming using Ozobots (Practical Report)","display_name":"An Experience of Introducing Primary School Children to Programming using Ozobots (Practical Report)","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3193928911","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481312.3481347","mag":"3193928911"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3481312.3481347","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481312.3481347","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 16th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.13566","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069158526","display_name":"Nina K\u00f6rber","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nina K\u00f6rber","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Passau, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012401223","display_name":"L. H. Bailey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa Bailey","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Passau, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037082485","display_name":"Luisa Greifenstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9707-7762"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luisa Greifenstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e4t Passau, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e4t Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079261847","display_name":"Gordon Fraser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4364-6595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gordon Fraser","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Passau, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085740606","display_name":"B\u00e1rbara Sabitzer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1304-6863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara Sabitzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johannes Kepler Universit\u00e4t LInz, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johannes Kepler Universit\u00e4t LInz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065921201","display_name":"Marina Rottenhofer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5772-0672"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marina Rottenhofer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069158526"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2166,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83208216,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11370","display_name":"Mobile Learning in Education","score":0.9771999716758728,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9406999945640564,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6536720395088196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary","display_name":"Primary (astronomy)","score":0.6191709041595459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6536720395088196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777977315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7243056","display_name":"Primary (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.6191709041595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3481312.3481347","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481312.3481347","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 16th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2008.13566","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2008.13566","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.13566","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2008.13566","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2008.13566","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.13566","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1667116249","https://openalex.org/W1815090327","https://openalex.org/W1963557108","https://openalex.org/W1968506029","https://openalex.org/W1970953601","https://openalex.org/W1990060255","https://openalex.org/W1991296207","https://openalex.org/W2040127838","https://openalex.org/W2040888129","https://openalex.org/W2084653151","https://openalex.org/W2107223217","https://openalex.org/W2121708413","https://openalex.org/W2214999073","https://openalex.org/W2339183141","https://openalex.org/W2610558732","https://openalex.org/W2772162739","https://openalex.org/W2795728764","https://openalex.org/W2885234081","https://openalex.org/W2895324882","https://openalex.org/W2941180058","https://openalex.org/W2981537541","https://openalex.org/W2997659858","https://openalex.org/W2998945799","https://openalex.org/W4211138918","https://openalex.org/W4233188495","https://openalex.org/W4321633328"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2949989742"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Algorithmic":[0],"thinking":[1],"is":[2,14,23,74,160,167],"a":[3,72,76,89,131],"central":[4],"concept":[5],"in":[6,42,97,151,174],"the":[7,59,123,156],"context":[8],"of":[9,78,88,158],"computational":[10],"thinking,":[11],"and":[12,49,58,118,137,169],"it":[13],"commonly":[15],"taught":[16],"by":[17],"computer":[18,73],"programming.":[19],"A":[20],"recent":[21],"trend":[22],"to":[24,62,68,100,128,139],"introduce":[25],"basic":[26],"programming":[27,44,101,127,129,180],"concepts":[28,102],"already":[29],"very":[30],"early":[31],"on":[32,71],"at":[33,45,92,181],"primary":[34,95,182],"school":[35],"level.":[36],"There":[37],"are,":[38],"however,":[39],"several":[40],"challenges":[41],"teaching":[43],"this":[46,82],"level:":[47],"Schools":[48],"teachers":[50],"are":[51,135],"often":[52],"neither":[53],"equipped":[54],"nor":[55],"trained":[56],"appropriately,":[57],"best":[60],"way":[61],"move":[63],"from":[64,125],"initial":[65],"\u201cunplugged\u201d":[66],"activities":[67],"creating":[69],"programs":[70],"still":[75],"matter":[77],"open":[79],"debate.":[80],"In":[81],"paper,":[83],"we":[84,149],"describe":[85],"our":[86,152,164],"experience":[87,166],"project":[90],"aiming":[91],"supporting":[93],"local":[94],"schools":[96],"introducing":[98],"children":[99],"using":[103],"Ozobot":[104],"robots.":[105],"These":[106],"robots":[107],"have":[108],"two":[109],"distinct":[110],"advantages:":[111],"First,":[112],"they":[113,134],"can":[114,170],"be":[115],"programmed":[116],"with":[117,130,145,179],"without":[119,162],"computers,":[120],"thus":[121],"helping":[122],"transition":[124],"unplugged":[126],"computer.":[132],"Second,":[133],"small":[136],"easy":[138],"transport,":[140],"even":[141],"when":[142],"used":[143],"together":[144],"tablet":[146],"computers.":[147],"Although":[148],"learned":[150],"outreach":[153],"events":[154],"that":[155],"use":[157],"Ozobots":[159],"not":[161],"challenges,":[163],"overall":[165],"positive":[168],"hopefully":[171],"support":[172],"others":[173],"setting":[175],"up":[176],"first":[177],"encounters":[178],"schools.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}