{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3212671845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460120.3485376","title":"VIP: Safeguard Value Invariant Property for Thwarting Critical Memory Corruption Attacks","display_name":"VIP: Safeguard Value Invariant Property for Thwarting Critical Memory Corruption Attacks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3212671845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460120.3485376","mag":"3212671845"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3460120.3485376","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460120.3485376","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3460120.3485376","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3460120.3485376","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002164521","display_name":"Mohannad Ismail","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2976-0532"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohannad Ismail","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082004597","display_name":"Jinwoo Yom","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinwoo Yom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071066271","display_name":"Christopher Jelesnianski","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Jelesnianski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081925472","display_name":"Yeongjin Jang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-9736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yeongjin Jang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001805471","display_name":"Changwoo Min","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6225-5357"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changwoo Min","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002164521"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6998,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77015015,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1612","last_page":"1626"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10478","display_name":"Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9728999733924866,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7620590329170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spec#","display_name":"Spec#","score":0.6986867189407349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heap","display_name":"Heap (data structure)","score":0.6341572999954224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspace","display_name":"Hyperspace","score":0.5832881927490234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5275839567184448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4664328396320343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.41685253381729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-flow","display_name":"Control flow","score":0.41310808062553406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.38796883821487427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.25502538681030273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7620590329170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778565505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2207566","display_name":"Spec#","level":2,"score":0.6986867189407349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134757568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274089","display_name":"Heap (data structure)","level":2,"score":0.6341572999954224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39368324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5024959","display_name":"Hyperspace","level":2,"score":0.5832881927490234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5275839567184448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4664328396320343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.41685253381729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160191386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868299","display_name":"Control flow","level":2,"score":0.41310808062553406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.38796883821487427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.25502538681030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3460120.3485376","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460120.3485376","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3460120.3485376","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3460120.3485376","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460120.3485376","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3460120.3485376","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2637195115","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4-18-1-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6991968366","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-18-1-2022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8876996369","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3212671845.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3212671845.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W70478248","https://openalex.org/W1429241971","https://openalex.org/W1538332098","https://openalex.org/W1591211019","https://openalex.org/W1631846088","https://openalex.org/W1816718056","https://openalex.org/W1823377586","https://openalex.org/W1878544538","https://openalex.org/W1963947298","https://openalex.org/W1968002620","https://openalex.org/W1969501726","https://openalex.org/W1993682390","https://openalex.org/W2006790656","https://openalex.org/W2022292029","https://openalex.org/W2033029512","https://openalex.org/W2072102701","https://openalex.org/W2080313875","https://openalex.org/W2081768685","https://openalex.org/W2109219878","https://openalex.org/W2121579803","https://openalex.org/W2122757982","https://openalex.org/W2124360577","https://openalex.org/W2126790595","https://openalex.org/W2136938453","https://openalex.org/W2138517425","https://openalex.org/W2154795299","https://openalex.org/W2155851497","https://openalex.org/W2162800072","https://openalex.org/W2258876169","https://openalex.org/W2293825325","https://openalex.org/W2460232746","https://openalex.org/W2487602542","https://openalex.org/W2516933175","https://openalex.org/W2517176850","https://openalex.org/W2575425722","https://openalex.org/W2584029330","https://openalex.org/W2597705742","https://openalex.org/W2602748134","https://openalex.org/W2605597658","https://openalex.org/W2612611921","https://openalex.org/W2735704859","https://openalex.org/W2751137623","https://openalex.org/W2790728214","https://openalex.org/W2805788024","https://openalex.org/W2808492852","https://openalex.org/W2883797314","https://openalex.org/W2889263283","https://openalex.org/W2889334792","https://openalex.org/W2889593990","https://openalex.org/W2891196279","https://openalex.org/W2899759798","https://openalex.org/W2912554321","https://openalex.org/W2934720435","https://openalex.org/W2947243817","https://openalex.org/W2965588382","https://openalex.org/W2965967214","https://openalex.org/W2969354474","https://openalex.org/W3015513242","https://openalex.org/W3018164137","https://openalex.org/W3023860284","https://openalex.org/W3033802101","https://openalex.org/W3100823640","https://openalex.org/W3101740510","https://openalex.org/W3104774169","https://openalex.org/W3106633543","https://openalex.org/W4239277337"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392092009","https://openalex.org/W4226309072","https://openalex.org/W4394660470","https://openalex.org/W2369717929","https://openalex.org/W2089438780","https://openalex.org/W2393779390","https://openalex.org/W4200175829","https://openalex.org/W1991371429","https://openalex.org/W1491094004","https://openalex.org/W2188516702"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"modern":[1],"software":[2],"attacks":[3,65,121,140],"are":[4,11],"rooted":[5],"in":[6,164],"memory":[7,112,160],"corruption":[8],"vulnerabilities,":[9],"which":[10],"capable":[12],"of":[13,49,53],"altering":[14],"security-sensitive":[15,43],"data":[16],"(e.g.,":[17],"function":[18,83],"pointers)":[19],"to":[20],"unintended":[21],"values.":[22],"This":[23],"paper":[24],"introduces":[25],"a":[26],"new":[27],"security":[28,71],"property,":[29],"the":[30,47],"Value":[31],"Invariant":[32],"Property":[33],"(VIP),":[34],"and":[35,87,101,105,107,119,146,153,156],"HyperSpace,":[36],"our":[37],"prototype":[38],"that":[39,122,134],"enforces":[40],"VIP":[41],"on":[42,92],"data.":[44],"HyperSpace":[45,96,110,135],"safeguards":[46],"integrity":[48],"\"data":[50],"values\"":[51],"instead":[52],"enforcing":[54],"control/data":[55],"flow,":[56],"allowing":[57],"for":[58,151],"low":[59,142],"runtime":[60,143],"overhead,":[61],"yet":[62],"defeating":[63],"critical":[64],"effectively.":[66],"We":[67,94],"implement":[68],"four":[69],"representative":[70],"policies":[72],"including":[73,115],"Control":[74],"Flow":[75],"Integrity":[76,80],"(VIP-CFI),":[77],"Code":[78],"Pointer":[79],"(VIP-CPI),":[81],"Virtual":[82],"Table":[84],"protection":[85,90],"(VIP-VTPtr),":[86],"heap":[88,127],"metadata":[89],"based":[91],"HyperSpace.":[93],"evaluate":[95],"with":[97,141,162],"SPEC":[98,165],"CPU2006":[99],"benchmarks":[100],"real-world":[102,117],"applications":[103],"(NGINX":[104],"PostgreSQL)":[106],"test":[108],"how":[109],"defeats":[111],"corruption-based":[113],"attacks,":[114],"three":[116],"exploits":[118],"six":[120],"bypass":[123],"existing":[124],"defenses":[125],"(COOP,":[126],"exploits,":[128],"etc.).":[129],"Our":[130],"experimental":[131],"evaluation":[132],"shows":[133],"successfully":[136],"stops":[137],"all":[138],"these":[139],"overhead:":[144],"0.88%":[145],"6.18%":[147],"average":[148],"performance":[149],"overhead":[150,161],"VIP-CFI":[152],"VIP-CPI,":[154],"respectively,":[155],"overall":[157],"approximately":[158],"13.18%":[159],"VIP-CPI":[163],"CPU2006.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}