{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3110054500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3428029.3428033","title":"Fostering Knowledge of Computer Viruses among Children","display_name":"Fostering Knowledge of Computer Viruses among Children","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3110054500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3428029.3428033","mag":"3110054500"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3428029.3428033","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3428029.3428033","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Koli Calling '20: Proceedings of the 20th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004729279","display_name":"Katerina Tsarava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2960-6324"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8087733","display_name":"University of T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1kwz48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Katerina Tsarava","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of T\u00fcbingen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of T\u00fcbingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088697332","display_name":"Manuel Ninaus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4664-8430"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190249584","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Innsbruck","ror":"https://ror.org/054pv6659","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190249584"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Ninaus","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Innsbruck, Austria, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Innsbruck, Austria, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190249584"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051534536","display_name":"Tereza Hannemann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6993-5870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21250087","display_name":"Charles University","ror":"https://ror.org/024d6js02","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21250087"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tereza Hannemann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Charles University, Czechia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Charles University, Czechia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21250087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001643211","display_name":"Kristina Voln\u00e1","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6954-0593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135442","display_name":"\u010cesk\u00e1 televize","ror":"https://ror.org/03prbp808","country_code":"CZ","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135442"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristina Voln\u00e1","raw_affiliation_strings":["Czech Television, Czechia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Czech Television, Czechia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135442"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035814613","display_name":"Korbinian Moeller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1385-7778"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Korbinian Moeller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loughborough University, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loughborough University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027765968","display_name":"Cyril Brom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5945-0514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21250087","display_name":"Charles University","ror":"https://ror.org/024d6js02","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21250087"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cyril Brom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Charles University, Czechia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Charles University, Czechia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21250087"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004729279"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8919,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81868945,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12060","display_name":"Child Development and Digital Technology","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12060","display_name":"Child Development and Digital Technology","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9750000238418579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/czech","display_name":"Czech","score":0.8880821466445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/german","display_name":"German","score":0.7444927096366882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-virus","display_name":"Computer virus","score":0.6393506526947021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.6145731210708618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harm","display_name":"Harm","score":0.5905020236968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.5777422189712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5479859113693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intervention","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","score":0.48178598284721375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.44879215955734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.34712398052215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3274267315864563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2662152945995331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.16089606285095215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.15290698409080505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1364288628101349}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777842544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9056","display_name":"Czech","level":2,"score":0.8880821466445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.7444927096366882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19407854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485","display_name":"Computer virus","level":2,"score":0.6393506526947021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.6145731210708618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777363581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15098235","display_name":"Harm","level":2,"score":0.5905020236968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5777422189712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5479859113693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.48178598284721375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.44879215955734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.34712398052215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3274267315864563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2662152945995331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.16089606285095215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.15290698409080505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1364288628101349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3428029.3428033","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3428029.3428033","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Koli Calling '20: Proceedings of the 20th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7599999904632568,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W118026468","https://openalex.org/W2086927569","https://openalex.org/W2099348355","https://openalex.org/W2112129015","https://openalex.org/W2131751468","https://openalex.org/W2160857980","https://openalex.org/W2298417342","https://openalex.org/W2322726446","https://openalex.org/W2492163350","https://openalex.org/W2727295478","https://openalex.org/W2810974454","https://openalex.org/W2912768801","https://openalex.org/W2914184225","https://openalex.org/W2966260098","https://openalex.org/W2981706816","https://openalex.org/W3007424371","https://openalex.org/W4233183304","https://openalex.org/W4235981704","https://openalex.org/W4285781806"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485297680","https://openalex.org/W2782410293","https://openalex.org/W305958151","https://openalex.org/W2724504120","https://openalex.org/W4360856886","https://openalex.org/W2614400517","https://openalex.org/W4378675964","https://openalex.org/W578757760","https://openalex.org/W874599710","https://openalex.org/W2148346537"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Children":[0],"increasingly":[1],"use":[2],"computing":[3],"devices.":[4],"However,":[5,169],"it":[6,246],"is":[7],"unclear":[8],"whether":[9,250],"they":[10,24,28,56],"have":[11,40],"basic":[12],"knowledge":[13,43,172,233,264],"of":[14,44,51,67,84,115,139,165,265],"security-related":[15],"issues":[16],"such":[17,180],"as":[18,181],"computer":[19,45,68,107,153,266],"viruses":[20,69,160,183,197,267],"and,":[21],"in":[22],"case":[23,222],"do":[25],"not,":[26],"what":[27,55],"can":[29,57,184,195,270],"learn":[30,58,105],"about":[31,106],"them.":[32],"It":[33],"was":[34,173,219,247],"found":[35],"previously":[36,255],"that":[37,143,159,182,232,263],"Czech":[38,71,97,144],"8-year-olds":[39],"only":[41,185],"limited":[42],"viruses,":[46,108,124],"but":[47,94,245,277],"neither":[48],"na\u00efve":[49],"understanding":[50],"older":[52],"children":[53,147,176],"nor":[54],"has":[59],"been":[60],"researched.":[61],"Here,":[62],"we":[63],"first":[64],"examined":[65],"preconceptions":[66],"among":[70],"5-6-graders":[72],"(N":[73,79],"=":[74,80,215],"14)":[75],"and":[76,110,127,145,175,193,269],"German":[77,90,146],"3-4-graders":[78],"28)":[81],"by":[82,113],"means":[83,114],"a":[85,116,120],"written":[86,134],"test.":[87,135],"Second,":[88],"the":[89,96,133,166,190,199,204,206,221,224,243,251,260],"sample":[91],"(experimental":[92],"group),":[93,100],"not":[95,220],"one":[98],"(control":[99],"received":[101],"an":[102],"intervention":[103],"to":[104,189,203,212,238,273,282],"antiviruses,":[109],"software":[111],"updates":[112],"45-min":[117],"lesson":[118,252],"combining":[119],"cartoon":[121],"series":[122],"on":[123],"frontal":[125],"instruction,":[126],"discussion.":[128],"Both":[129],"groups":[130],"again":[131],"completed":[132],"A":[136,227],"joint":[137],"analysis":[138,230],"both":[140],"samples":[141],"indicated":[142,231,262],"already":[148],"knew":[149],"key":[150],"points":[151],"concerning":[152],"viruses.":[154],"These":[155],"included,":[156],"for":[157,223],"instance,":[158],"harm":[161],"our":[162],"computers":[163],"(88%":[164],"total":[167],"sample).":[168],"overall,":[170],"their":[171],"patchy,":[174],"also":[177],"had":[178],"misconceptions":[179],"infect":[186],"devices":[187],"connected":[188],"Internet":[191,200],"(57%),":[192],"antiviruses":[194],"delete":[196],"from":[198,210],"(40%).":[201],"Due":[202],"intervention,":[205],"experimental":[207],"group":[208],"improved":[209],"pre":[211],"posttest":[213],"(d":[214],"1.06),":[216],"while":[217],"this":[218],"control":[225],"group.":[226],"more":[228],"in-depth":[229],"gains":[234],"were":[235],"mostly":[236],"related":[237],"information":[239],"repeatedly":[240],"mentioned":[241],"during":[242],"lesson,":[244],"less":[248],"clear":[249],"helped":[253],"correct":[254],"held":[256],"misconceptions.":[257],"Taken":[258],"together,":[259],"results":[261],"should":[268],"be":[271,280],"taught":[272],"primary":[274],"school":[275],"children,":[276],"attention":[278],"must":[279],"paid":[281],"existing":[283],"preconceptions.":[284]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}