{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3107146858","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3397536.3422249","title":"The impact of highly compact algorithmic redistricting on the rural-versus-urban balance","display_name":"The impact of highly compact algorithmic redistricting on the rural-versus-urban balance","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3107146858","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3397536.3422249","mag":"3107146858"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3397536.3422249","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3397536.3422249","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056098819","display_name":"Archer Wheeler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Archer Wheeler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brown University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brown University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035567880","display_name":"Philip N. Klein","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip N. Klein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brown University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brown University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5851,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93804992,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"397","last_page":"400"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10991","display_name":"Game Theory and Voting Systems","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11461","display_name":"Local Government Finance and Decentralization","score":0.9836999773979187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redistricting","display_name":"Redistricting","score":0.9795756340026855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legislature","display_name":"Legislature","score":0.6886166930198669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.6872842907905579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balance","display_name":"Balance (ability)","score":0.6507986783981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5223366022109985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compact-space","display_name":"Compact space","score":0.5180442333221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4918830394744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4650847315788269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gerrymandering","display_name":"Gerrymandering","score":0.4419778287410736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.42148810625076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.382543683052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-economy","display_name":"Political economy","score":0.36259421706199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.31069624423980713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2199850082397461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.17921918630599976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.10554507374763489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.07839831709861755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demography","display_name":"Demography","score":0.07714557647705078}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778477362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7305983","display_name":"Redistricting","level":3,"score":0.9795756340026855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83009810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11204","display_name":"Legislature","level":2,"score":0.6886166930198669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6872842907905579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168031717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530280","display_name":"Balance (ability)","level":2,"score":0.6507986783981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5223366022109985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18648836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381892","display_name":"Compact space","level":2,"score":0.5180442333221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4918830394744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4650847315788269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779910420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476310","display_name":"Gerrymandering","level":4,"score":0.4419778287410736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.42148810625076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.382543683052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.36259421706199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.31069624423980713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2199850082397461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.17921918630599976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.10554507374763489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.07839831709861755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.07714557647705078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3397536.3422249","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3397536.3422249","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977334365","https://openalex.org/W2167599604","https://openalex.org/W2192237458","https://openalex.org/W2802229831","https://openalex.org/W2808072369","https://openalex.org/W2900473924","https://openalex.org/W3083141743"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205761282","https://openalex.org/W4210843789","https://openalex.org/W4205674221","https://openalex.org/W3201331143","https://openalex.org/W4220863216","https://openalex.org/W4394174711","https://openalex.org/W2943832880","https://openalex.org/W4293195297","https://openalex.org/W4389682352","https://openalex.org/W4205538524"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1,123],"commonly":[2],"believed":[3],"that,":[4,53],"in":[5,11,89,104],"congressional":[6],"and":[7,75],"state":[8],"legislature":[9],"elections":[10],"the":[12,57,71,76,86,105,118,126,142],"United":[13],"States,":[14],"rural":[15,61,144],"voters":[16,64,145],"have":[17,65,146],"an":[18,30],"inherent":[19],"political":[20,67,87],"advantage":[21,68,88,143],"over":[22,147],"urban":[23,63,80,148],"voters.":[24,149],"We":[25,51],"study":[26],"this":[27,55],"hypothesis":[28],"using":[29,54],"idealized":[31],"redistricting":[32],"method,":[33,56],"balanced":[34],"centroidal":[35,130],"power":[36,131],"diagrams,":[37],"that":[38,85,98],"achieves":[39],"essentially":[40],"perfect":[41],"population":[42,77],"balance":[43],"while":[44],"optimizing":[45],"a":[46,66],"principled":[47],"measure":[48],"of":[49,73,79],"compactness.":[50],"find":[52,84],"degree":[58],"to":[59,93,133],"which":[60],"or":[62],"depends":[69],"on":[70],"number":[72],"districts":[74],"density":[78],"areas.":[81],"Moreover,":[82],"we":[83],"any":[90],"case":[91],"tends":[92],"be":[94],"dramatically":[95],"less":[96],"than":[97],"afforded":[99],"by":[100,112,125],"district":[101,109],"plans":[102,110],"used":[103],"real":[106],"world,":[107],"including":[108],"drawn":[111],"presumably":[113],"neutral":[114],"parties":[115],"such":[116],"as":[117],"courts.":[119],"One":[120],"possible":[121],"explanation":[122],"suggested":[124],"following":[127],"discovery:":[128],"modifying":[129],"diagrams":[132],"prefer":[134],"placing":[135],"boundaries":[136,139],"along":[137],"city":[138],"significantly":[140],"increases":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}