{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2951481829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3328833.3328873","title":"Commit Message Generation from Code Differences using Hidden Markov Models","display_name":"Commit Message Generation from Code Differences using Hidden Markov Models","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2951481829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3328833.3328873","mag":"2951481829"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3328833.3328873","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3328833.3328873","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 8th International Conference on Software and Information Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083196806","display_name":"Ahmed Awad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-1026"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154023281","display_name":"British University in Egypt","ror":"https://ror.org/0066fxv63","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154023281"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Awad","raw_affiliation_strings":["The British University in Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The British University in Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154023281"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028693321","display_name":"Khaled Nagaty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8356-3359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154023281","display_name":"British University in Egypt","ror":"https://ror.org/0066fxv63","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154023281"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khaled Nagaty","raw_affiliation_strings":["The British University in Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The British University in Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154023281"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083196806"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154023281"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07775922,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"96","last_page":"99"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commit","display_name":"Commit","score":0.8355746269226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.816672682762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.5564517974853516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.55323326587677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.490181028842926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.33209228515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3282764256000519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.27302229404449463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.10972535610198975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.10753095149993896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19776675","display_name":"Commit","level":2,"score":0.8355746269226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.816672682762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5564517974853516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.55323326587677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.490181028842926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.33209228515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3282764256000519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.27302229404449463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.10972535610198975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.10753095149993896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3328833.3328873","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3328833.3328873","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 8th International Conference on Software and Information Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521626219","https://openalex.org/W1989479444","https://openalex.org/W2019246026","https://openalex.org/W2057049321","https://openalex.org/W2142403498","https://openalex.org/W2164519300","https://openalex.org/W2604209688","https://openalex.org/W2888312537","https://openalex.org/W3145932680","https://openalex.org/W4206070857"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4367365664","https://openalex.org/W4293227618","https://openalex.org/W2136634148","https://openalex.org/W3122851392","https://openalex.org/W3122800671","https://openalex.org/W4250708772","https://openalex.org/W4288862737","https://openalex.org/W1984769753","https://openalex.org/W2129713739","https://openalex.org/W2348534359"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Commit":[0],"messages":[1,4,23,78,151],"are":[2],"developer-written":[3],"that":[5,36,112,141,173,179,208],"document":[6],"code":[7,19,72,121,142,165,188,222],"changes.":[8],"Such":[9],"change":[10],"might":[11],"be":[12],"adding":[13],"features,":[14],"fixing":[15],"bugs":[16],"or":[17,161],"simply":[18],"updates.":[20],"Although":[21],"these":[22,43,77],"help":[24],"in":[25,79,134,192],"understanding":[26,70],"the":[27,39,61,74,128,154,181,186,197,215,220],"evolution":[28],"of":[29,41,63,71,76,81,185,219,229],"any":[30],"software,":[31],"it":[32],"is":[33,86],"quite":[34],"often":[35],"developers":[37],"disregard":[38],"process":[40],"writing":[42],"messages,":[44],"when":[45],"making":[46],"a":[47,168,175],"change.":[48],"Many":[49],"automated":[50],"methods":[51],"have":[52],"been":[53],"proposed":[54,191],"to":[55,60,66,91,110,123,145,159,200,233],"generate":[56],"commit":[57,124,150],"messages.":[58,94,125],"Due":[59],"inability":[62],"those":[64],"techniques":[65],"represent":[67],"higher":[68],"order":[69],"changes,":[73],"quality":[75,149],"terms":[80],"logic":[82],"and":[83],"context":[84],"representation":[85],"very":[87,157],"low":[88],"as":[89],"opposed":[90],"developer":[92],"written":[93],"To":[95],"solve":[96],"this":[97],"problem,":[98],"previous":[99,135,193],"work":[100],"used":[101,109],"deep":[102],"learning":[103],"models":[104,212],"-specifically,":[105],"sequence-to-sequence":[106,211],"models-":[107],"were":[108,156],"automate":[111],"task.":[113],"This":[114],"model":[115,155],"delivered":[116],"promising":[117],"results":[118],"on":[119,167],"translating":[120],"differences":[122,143,166],"However,":[126],"after":[127],"model's":[129],"performance":[130],"was":[131,138,190],"thoroughly":[132],"investigated":[133],"work.":[136,194],"It":[137],"found":[139],"out":[140],"corresponding":[144],"almost":[146],"every":[147],"high":[148],"generated":[152],"by":[153,172,196],"similar":[158],"one":[160],"more":[162],"training":[163],"sample":[164],"token":[169],"level.":[170],"Motivated":[171],"observation,":[174],"k-nearest":[176],"neighbor":[177],"algorithm":[178],"outputs":[180],"same":[182,216],"exact":[183,217],"message":[184,218],"nearest":[187,221],"difference":[189],"Inspired":[195],"traditional":[198],"solution":[199],"sequence":[201,232,234],"modeling;":[202],"Hidden":[203],"Markov":[204],"Models,":[205],"we":[206],"show":[207,226],"HMMs":[209],"outperforms":[210],"without":[213],"outputting":[214],"diff,":[223],"our":[224],"experiments":[225],"an":[227],"enhancement":[228],"4%":[230],"against":[231],"models.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
