{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2901900616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3279778.3279801","title":"Design and Evaluation of Semi-Transparent Keyboards on a Touchscreen Tablet","display_name":"Design and Evaluation of Semi-Transparent Keyboards on a Touchscreen Tablet","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2901900616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3279778.3279801","mag":"2901900616"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3279778.3279801","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3279778.3279801","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 ACM International Conference on Interactive Surfaces and Spaces","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research.aalto.fi/en/publications/a8b9cfb2-cc19-42b5-963a-bd13bf789537","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077030430","display_name":"Sunjun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4310-4817"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunjun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalto University &amp; Korea Advanced Institute of Science &amp; Technology, Helsinki &amp; Daejeon, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalto University &amp; Korea Advanced Institute of Science &amp; Technology, Helsinki &amp; Daejeon, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009537165","display_name":"Geehyuk Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9674-6496"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geehyuk Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute of Science &amp; Technology, Daejeon, Rebublic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science &amp; Technology, Daejeon, Rebublic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"155","last_page":"166"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/touchscreen","display_name":"Touchscreen","score":0.8961508870124817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.7308336496353149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-entry","display_name":"Text entry","score":0.7139707803726196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6888372898101807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5932825207710266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-keyboard","display_name":"Virtual keyboard","score":0.48698195815086365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transparency","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","score":0.46221795678138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opacity","display_name":"Opacity","score":0.42627400159835815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.3384227156639099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.20832550525665283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07488793134689331}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778539339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165970","display_name":"Touchscreen","level":2,"score":0.8961508870124817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.7308336496353149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988504831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192366","display_name":"Text entry","level":2,"score":0.7139707803726196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6888372898101807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5932825207710266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780367331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861170","display_name":"Virtual keyboard","level":2,"score":0.48698195815086365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.46221795678138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60056205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691914","display_name":"Opacity","level":2,"score":0.42627400159835815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3384227156639099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.20832550525665283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07488793134689331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3279778.3279801","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3279778.3279801","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 ACM International Conference on Interactive Surfaces and Spaces","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aaltodoc.aalto.fi:123456789/36286","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.aalto.fi/en/publications/a8b9cfb2-cc19-42b5-963a-bd13bf789537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401662","display_name":"Aaltodoc (Aalto University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","host_organization_name":"Aalto University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"acceptedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:aaltodoc.aalto.fi:123456789/36286","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.aalto.fi/en/publications/a8b9cfb2-cc19-42b5-963a-bd13bf789537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401662","display_name":"Aaltodoc (Aalto University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","host_organization_name":"Aalto University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"acceptedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W601034672","https://openalex.org/W1602029293","https://openalex.org/W1968808620","https://openalex.org/W2003785947","https://openalex.org/W2043657629","https://openalex.org/W2047101780","https://openalex.org/W2067483150","https://openalex.org/W2082969069","https://openalex.org/W2096293924","https://openalex.org/W2100697272","https://openalex.org/W2103751734","https://openalex.org/W2104328027","https://openalex.org/W2120531851","https://openalex.org/W2139591246","https://openalex.org/W2145680370","https://openalex.org/W2150874632","https://openalex.org/W2153115396","https://openalex.org/W2162533426","https://openalex.org/W2295087037","https://openalex.org/W2510194348","https://openalex.org/W2536453717","https://openalex.org/W2795433822","https://openalex.org/W4239613516"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2183155639","https://openalex.org/W2963044735","https://openalex.org/W4297944550","https://openalex.org/W2785487803","https://openalex.org/W2785749269","https://openalex.org/W1994171708","https://openalex.org/W2053403520","https://openalex.org/W2967460443","https://openalex.org/W2144856098","https://openalex.org/W4379386936"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"tablet":[1],"computers":[2],"are":[3,63],"hosting":[4],"more":[5,13],"productivity":[6],"applications,":[7],"efficient":[8],"text":[9,22,115,156],"entry":[10,23],"is":[11,19],"becoming":[12],"important.":[14],"A":[15,37,58],"soft":[16,47],"keyboard,":[17],"which":[18,50,141],"the":[20,33,53,70,88,91,107,113,155,160,164],"primary":[21],"interface":[24],"for":[25,32,102],"tablets,":[26],"however,":[27],"often":[28],"competes":[29],"with":[30,55,123],"applications":[31],"limited":[34],"screen":[35,54],"space.":[36],"promising":[38],"solution":[39],"to":[40,85,163],"this":[41],"problem":[42],"may":[43],"be":[44],"a":[45,127],"semi-transparent":[46],"keyboard":[48,148],"(STK),":[49],"can":[51],"share":[52],"an":[56,103,110,146],"application.":[57],"few":[59],"commercial":[60],"STK":[61,71,111,161],"products":[62],"already":[64],"available,":[65],"but":[66],"research":[67],"questions":[68],"about":[69],"design":[72,100],"have":[73],"not":[74],"been":[75],"explored":[76],"in":[77,134,149],"depth":[78],"yet.":[79],"Therefore,":[80],"we":[81],"conducted":[82],"three":[83],"experiments":[84],"answer":[86],"1)":[87],"effect":[89,108],"of":[90,98,109,145,151],"transparency":[92],"level":[93],"on":[94,112],"usability,":[95],"2)":[96],"exploration":[97],"diverse":[99],"options":[101],"STK,":[104],"and":[105,138,154],"3)":[106],"different":[114],"caret":[116,157],"positions.":[117],"The":[118],"results":[119],"imply":[120],"that":[121],"STKs":[122,131],"50%":[124],"opacity":[125],"showed":[126],"balanced":[128],"performance;":[129,153],"well-designed":[130],"were":[132],"acceptable":[133],"both":[135],"content":[136],"reading":[137],"typing":[139],"situations;":[140],"could":[142,158],"reach":[143],"90-100%":[144],"opaque":[147],"terms":[150],"overall":[152],"intrude":[159],"down":[162],"number":[165],"row.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
