{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2892500486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3267809.3267836","title":"Wharf","display_name":"Wharf","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2892500486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3267809.3267836","mag":"2892500486"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3267809.3267836","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3267809.3267836","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103097494","display_name":"Chao Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1718-6860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chao Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049824486","display_name":"Lukas Rupprecht","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lukas Rupprecht","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research-Almaden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research-Almaden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045054131","display_name":"Vasily Tarasov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1424-9977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasily Tarasov","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research-Almaden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research-Almaden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007301255","display_name":"Douglas Thain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5218-1956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Douglas Thain","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100342567","display_name":"Mohamed Mohamed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3467-4252"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research-Almaden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research-Almaden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109391071","display_name":"Dimitrios Skourtis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios Skourtis","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research-Almaden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research-Almaden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022619733","display_name":"Amit Warke","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amit S. Warke","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research-Almaden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research-Almaden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046771011","display_name":"Dean Hildebrand","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dean Hildebrand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103097494"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9083,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94133963,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"174","last_page":"185"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wharf","display_name":"Wharf","score":0.7959991693496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7592180967330933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/container","display_name":"Container (type theory)","score":0.697348952293396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.6575062274932861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-storage","display_name":"Object storage","score":0.6093307733535767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5753682851791382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converged-storage","display_name":"Converged storage","score":0.5415381193161011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.535085141658783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-data-store","display_name":"Distributed data store","score":0.49298879504203796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middleware","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","score":0.4863891899585724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.4108121395111084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-data-storage","display_name":"Computer data storage","score":0.4014650583267212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.34663525223731995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3436296880245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-repository","display_name":"Information repository","score":0.30112677812576294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13443028926849365}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780410566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828909","display_name":"Wharf","level":2,"score":0.7959991693496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7592180967330933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781018962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164884","display_name":"Container (type theory)","level":2,"score":0.697348952293396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.6575062274932861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56640594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7075068","display_name":"Object storage","level":3,"score":0.6093307733535767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5753682851791382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8965099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166354","display_name":"Converged storage","level":4,"score":0.5415381193161011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.535085141658783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24885549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339678","display_name":"Distributed data store","level":2,"score":0.49298879504203796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169468491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146923","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","level":2,"score":0.4863891899585724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.4108121395111084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194739806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66221","display_name":"Computer data storage","level":2,"score":0.4014650583267212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.34663525223731995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3436296880245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3102742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6031177","display_name":"Information repository","level":3,"score":0.30112677812576294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13443028926849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3267809.3267836","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3267809.3267836","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W53050631","https://openalex.org/W192446467","https://openalex.org/W1540879848","https://openalex.org/W1964802076","https://openalex.org/W1968075755","https://openalex.org/W2043117199","https://openalex.org/W2083357144","https://openalex.org/W2084078215","https://openalex.org/W2088598441","https://openalex.org/W2108680538","https://openalex.org/W2140672955","https://openalex.org/W2140953464","https://openalex.org/W2290712622","https://openalex.org/W2294747777","https://openalex.org/W2562561994","https://openalex.org/W2613409207","https://openalex.org/W2613654644","https://openalex.org/W2735218636","https://openalex.org/W2761320008","https://openalex.org/W2761578098","https://openalex.org/W2768885587","https://openalex.org/W2789553548","https://openalex.org/W2913137680","https://openalex.org/W3000664081","https://openalex.org/W3136172274"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2021496484","https://openalex.org/W2016124550","https://openalex.org/W2386835860","https://openalex.org/W2943000852","https://openalex.org/W2769329074","https://openalex.org/W2785349009","https://openalex.org/W1878669920","https://openalex.org/W4387682279","https://openalex.org/W2057452656","https://openalex.org/W2483154229"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Container":[0],"management":[1],"frameworks,":[2],"such":[3],"as":[4],"Docker,":[5],"package":[6],"diverse":[7],"applications":[8],"and":[9,21,46,56,75,96,126,129,174],"their":[10],"complex":[11],"dependencies":[12],"in":[13,60,74,86],"self-contained":[14],"images,":[15,144],"which":[16],"facilitates":[17],"application":[18],"deployment,":[19],"distribution,":[20],"sharing.":[22],"Currently,":[23],"Docker":[24,102,143,156],"employs":[25],"a":[26,79,87,101,109,177],"shared-nothing":[27],"storage":[28,43,52,89,91,115],"architecture,":[29],"i.e.":[30],"every":[31],"Docker-enabled":[32],"host":[33],"requires":[34],"its":[35],"own":[36],"copy":[37],"of":[38,70,142],"an":[39],"image":[40,98,164],"on":[41,157,183],"local":[42,125,158],"to":[44,111,117,133,155,168],"create":[45],"run":[47],"containers.":[48],"This":[49],"greatly":[50],"inflates":[51],"utilization,":[53],"network":[54],"load,":[55],"job":[57],"completion":[58],"times":[59],"the":[61,68,134,139,147],"cluster.":[62],"In":[63],"this":[64],"paper,":[65],"we":[66],"investigate":[67],"option":[69],"storing":[71],"container":[72],"images":[73,85],"serving":[76],"them":[77],"from":[78,100],"distributed":[80,88,114,184],"file":[81],"system.":[82],"By":[83,137],"sharing":[84],"layer,":[90],"utilization":[92],"can":[93,161],"be":[94],"reduced":[95],"redundant":[97],"retrievals":[99,165],"registry":[103],"become":[104],"unnecessary.":[105],"We":[106],"introduce":[107],"Wharf,":[108],"middleware":[110],"transparently":[112],"add":[113],"support":[116],"Docker.":[118],"Wharf":[119,145,160],"partitions":[120],"Docker's":[121],"runtime":[122],"state":[123],"into":[124],"global":[127,135],"parts":[128],"efficiently":[130],"synchronizes":[131],"accesses":[132],"state.":[136],"exploiting":[138],"layered":[140],"structure":[141],"minimizes":[146],"synchronization":[148],"overhead.":[149],"Our":[150],"experiments":[151],"show":[152],"that":[153],"compared":[154],"storage,":[159],"speed":[162],"up":[163,167],"by":[166],"12x,":[169],"has":[170],"more":[171],"stable":[172],"performance,":[173],"introduces":[175],"only":[176],"minor":[178],"overhead":[179],"when":[180],"accessing":[181],"data":[182],"storage.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2018-10-05T00:00:00"}
