{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2788460763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3178876.3186023","title":"Why Reinvent the Wheel","display_name":"Why Reinvent the Wheel","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2788460763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3178876.3186023","mag":"2788460763"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3178876.3186023","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3178876.3186023","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3186023&type=pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 World Wide Web Conference on World Wide Web - WWW '18","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3186023&type=pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002627051","display_name":"Kuldeep Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-9881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098248","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/00trw9c49","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098248","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","display_name":"University of Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kuldeep Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IAIS & University of Bonn, Sankt Augustin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IAIS & University of Bonn, Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098248","https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104476579","display_name":"Christoph Lange","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","display_name":"University of Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Lange","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bonn & Fraunhofer IAIS, Bonn, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bonn & Fraunhofer IAIS, Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055433807","display_name":"Mar\u00eda-Esther Vidal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1160-8727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802635041","display_name":"Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB)","ror":"https://ror.org/04aj4c181","country_code":"DE","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802635041","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Esther Vidal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz Information Centre for Science and Technology University Library & Fraunhofer IAIS, Hannover, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz Information Centre for Science and Technology University Library & Fraunhofer IAIS, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802635041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067133778","display_name":"Jens Lehmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9108-4278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","display_name":"University of Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098248","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/00trw9c49","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098248","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jens Lehmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IAIS & University of Bonn, Sankt Augustin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IAIS & University of Bonn, Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098248","https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071765665","display_name":"S\u00f6ren Auer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802635041","display_name":"Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB)","ror":"https://ror.org/04aj4c181","country_code":"DE","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802635041","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S\u00f6ren Auer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz Information Centre for Science and Technology University Library & University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz Information Centre for Science and Technology University Library & University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802635041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112576882","display_name":"Arun Sethupat Radhakrishna","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arun Sethupat Radhakrishna","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108363292","display_name":"Andreas Both","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148898","display_name":"DATEV (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/03xfq0m13","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148898"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Both","raw_affiliation_strings":["DATEV eG, Germany, Nuremberg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DATEV eG, Germany, Nuremberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148898"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074994149","display_name":"Saeedeh Shekarpour","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127591826","display_name":"University of Dayton","ror":"https://ror.org/021v3qy27","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127591826"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saeedeh Shekarpour","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127591826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032689502","display_name":"Ioanna Lytra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6523-4703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","display_name":"University of Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioanna Lytra","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bonn & Fraunhofer IAIS, Bonn, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bonn & Fraunhofer IAIS, Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069462779","display_name":"Ricardo Usbeck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0191-7211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo Usbeck","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104533853","display_name":"Akhilesh Vyas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8879-9723"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098248","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/00trw9c49","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098248","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","display_name":"University of Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akhilesh Vyas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IAIS & University of Bonn, Sankt Augustin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IAIS & University of Bonn, Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098248","https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110545407","display_name":"Akmal Khikmatullaev","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","display_name":"University of Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098248","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/00trw9c49","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098248","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akmal Khikmatullaev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IAIS & University of Bonn, Sankt Augustin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IAIS & University of Bonn, Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098248","https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112394553","display_name":"Dharmen Punjani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dharmen Punjani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Athens, Athens, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Athens, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002627051"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700","https://openalex.org/I4210098248"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.6305,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":100,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98074002,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1247","last_page":"1256"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8431452512741089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.8177649974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline-transport","display_name":"Pipeline transport","score":0.7865368127822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6278139352798462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.5936205387115479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5581753253936768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.4732188284397125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.4610542356967926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4250175952911377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4126115143299103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.34721410274505615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.15070584416389465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08735853433609009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.07774409651756287}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8431452512741089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.8177649974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175309249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725864","display_name":"Pipeline transport","level":2,"score":0.7865368127822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6278139352798462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.5936205387115479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5581753253936768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.4732188284397125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.4610542356967926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4250175952911377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4126115143299103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.34721410274505615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.15070584416389465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08735853433609009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.07774409651756287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3178876.3186023","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3178876.3186023","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3186023&type=pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 World Wide Web Conference on World Wide Web - WWW '18","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-499989","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-499989.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer IAIS","raw_type":"conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/400806","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/400806","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:3493740","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3493740","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3178876.3186023","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3178876.3186023","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3186023&type=pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 World Wide Web Conference on World Wide Web - WWW '18","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338337","display_name":"H2020 Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338388","display_name":"Eurostars","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2788460763.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2788460763.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W11298561","https://openalex.org/W102708294","https://openalex.org/W1538632262","https://openalex.org/W1549951060","https://openalex.org/W1784290353","https://openalex.org/W1967058221","https://openalex.org/W1979710543","https://openalex.org/W1992130648","https://openalex.org/W2013571149","https://openalex.org/W2019307700","https://openalex.org/W2048110207","https://openalex.org/W2052636518","https://openalex.org/W2076228604","https://openalex.org/W2084662183","https://openalex.org/W2096765155","https://openalex.org/W2104583100","https://openalex.org/W2108409977","https://openalex.org/W2109956628","https://openalex.org/W2123142779","https://openalex.org/W2127289991","https://openalex.org/W2151149636","https://openalex.org/W2238805125","https://openalex.org/W2308693291","https://openalex.org/W2471421388","https://openalex.org/W2532938041","https://openalex.org/W2584015706","https://openalex.org/W2620468789","https://openalex.org/W2741977496","https://openalex.org/W2759789597","https://openalex.org/W2763039547","https://openalex.org/W2767060375","https://openalex.org/W2774249241","https://openalex.org/W2778792674","https://openalex.org/W2915756045","https://openalex.org/W3129025303","https://openalex.org/W4214515930"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4380433113","https://openalex.org/W4386072068","https://openalex.org/W252339960","https://openalex.org/W2390529043","https://openalex.org/W2378320433","https://openalex.org/W2358343511","https://openalex.org/W2051877971","https://openalex.org/W1970117064","https://openalex.org/W1787170397","https://openalex.org/W4292347844"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"question":[1,89],"answering":[2],"(QA)":[3],"systems":[4],"need":[5],"to":[6,14,58,113,139,194],"flexibly":[7],"integrate":[8],"a":[9,19,37,55,67,74,88,110,135],"number":[10,38],"of":[11,39,50,73,87,96,100,151,182,216],"components":[12,42,65,102,121,142,205],"specialised":[13],"fulfil":[15],"specific":[16],"tasks":[17,24],"in":[18,210],"QA":[20,23,68,101,136,141,145,173,184,191,204],"pipeline.":[21,192],"Key":[22],"include":[25,118],"Named":[26],"Entity":[27],"Recognition":[28],"and":[29,33,60,81,92,122,143,160,197],"Disambiguation,":[30],"Relation":[31],"Extraction,":[32],"Query":[34],"Building.":[35],"Since":[36],"different":[40,46],"software":[41],"exist":[43],"that":[44,117,168],"implement":[45,130],"strategies":[47],"for":[48],"each":[49],"these":[51],"tasks,":[52],"it":[53],"is":[54],"major":[56],"challenge":[57],"select":[59,140],"combine":[61],"the":[62,71,94,98,115,119,126,149,152,158,172,179,188,214,217],"most":[63],"suitable":[64,120],"into":[66],"system,":[69],"given":[70,127],"characteristics":[72],"question.":[75,128],"We":[76,107,129,147],"study":[77],"this":[78,131,195],"optimisation":[79,174],"problem":[80,175],"train":[82],"classifiers,":[83],"which":[84,186],"take":[85],"features":[86],"as":[90],"input":[91],"have":[93],"goal":[95],"optimising":[97],"selection":[99],"based":[103],"on":[104],"those":[105],"features.":[106],"then":[108],"devise":[109],"greedy":[111],"algorithm":[112],"identify":[114],"pipelines":[116,153],"can":[123,206],"effectively":[124],"answer":[125],"model":[132],"within":[133],"Frankenstein,":[134,211],"framework":[137],"able":[138],"compose":[144],"pipelines.":[146,219],"evaluate":[148],"effectiveness":[150],"generated":[154,218],"by":[155],"Frankenstein":[156,169],"using":[157],"QALD":[159],"LC-QuAD":[161],"benchmarks.":[162],"These":[163],"results":[164],"not":[165],"only":[166],"suggest":[167],"precisely":[170],"solves":[171],"but":[176],"also":[177],"enables":[178],"automatic":[180],"composition":[181],"optimised":[183],"pipelines,":[185],"outperform":[187],"static":[189],"Baseline":[190],"Thanks":[193],"flexible":[196],"fully":[198],"automated":[199],"pipeline":[200],"generation":[201],"process,":[202],"new":[203],"be":[207],"easily":[208],"included":[209],"thus":[212],"improving":[213],"performance":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
