{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2765893588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3133956.3134031","title":"Practical Graphs for Optimal Side-Channel Resistant Memory-Hard Functions","display_name":"Practical Graphs for Optimal Side-Channel Resistant Memory-Hard Functions","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2765893588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3133956.3134031","mag":"2765893588"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3133956.3134031","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3133956.3134031","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3493800","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049577191","display_name":"Jo\u00ebl Alwen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4473-903X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joel Alwen","raw_affiliation_strings":["IST Austia, Vienna, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IST Austia, Vienna, IN, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028278191","display_name":"Jeremiah Blocki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5542-4674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeremiah Blocki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108996300","display_name":"Ben Harsha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben Harsha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049577191"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0955,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95214273,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1001","last_page":"1017"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9821000099182129,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7783570885658264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.7676811814308167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.5721478462219238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dictionary-attack","display_name":"Dictionary attack","score":0.5429664850234985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/side-channel-attack","display_name":"Side channel attack","score":0.5417218208312988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hash-function","display_name":"Hash function","score":0.5048184990882874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.4860835373401642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4659387171268463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limit","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","score":0.44859516620635986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.43700164556503296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.36357054114341736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.32212209701538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.28554004430770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15749311447143555}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7783570885658264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.7676811814308167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.5721478462219238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113328881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599809","display_name":"Dictionary attack","level":3,"score":0.5429664850234985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49289754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267081","display_name":"Side channel attack","level":3,"score":0.5417218208312988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99138194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183427","display_name":"Hash function","level":2,"score":0.5048184990882874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.4860835373401642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4659387171268463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.44859516620635986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.43700164556503296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36357054114341736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.32212209701538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.28554004430770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15749311447143555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3133956.3134031","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3133956.3134031","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:3493800","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3493800","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:3493800","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3493800","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1530008367","https://openalex.org/W1998350371"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2086553822","https://openalex.org/W42204834","https://openalex.org/W1992120644","https://openalex.org/W4200510632","https://openalex.org/W4319158737","https://openalex.org/W2045119723","https://openalex.org/W2293362975","https://openalex.org/W2906808255","https://openalex.org/W2301158923","https://openalex.org/W2986253541"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"memory-hard":[1],"function":[2,52],"(MHF)":[3],"\u0192n":[4],"with":[5],"parameter":[6],"n":[7],"can":[8,47],"be":[9,58],"computed":[10],"in":[11],"sequential":[12],"time":[13],"and":[14,82],"space":[15],"n.":[16],"Simultaneously,":[17],"a":[18,43,49,111],"high":[19],"amortized":[20],"parallel":[21],"area-time":[22],"complexity":[23],"(aAT)":[24],"is":[25,108],"incurred":[26],"per":[27],"evaluation.":[28],"In":[29],"practice,":[30],"MHFs":[31,116],"are":[32,77,102],"used":[33],"to":[34,57,99,110],"limit":[35],"the":[36,95],"rate":[37,87],"at":[38],"which":[39],"an":[40,64],"adversary":[41],"(using":[42,63],"custom":[44],"computational":[45],"device)":[46],"evaluate":[48],"security":[50],"sensitive":[51,75],"that":[53],"still":[54],"occasionally":[55],"needs":[56],"evaluated":[59],"by":[60],"honest":[61,96],"users":[62],"off-the-shelf":[65],"general":[66],"purpose":[67],"device).":[68],"The":[69],"most":[70],"prevalent":[71],"examples":[72],"of":[73,113],"such":[74],"functions":[76,101],"Key":[78],"Derivation":[79],"Functions":[80],"(KDFs)":[81],"password":[83],"hashing":[84],"algorithms":[85],"where":[86],"limits":[88],"help":[89],"mitigate":[90],"off-line":[91],"dictionary":[92],"attacks.":[93],"As":[94],"users'":[97],"inputs":[98],"these":[100],"often":[103],"(low-entropy)":[104],"passwords":[105],"special":[106],"attention":[107],"given":[109],"class":[112],"side-channel":[114],"resistant":[115],"called":[117],"iMHFs.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}