{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2749464641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3109859.3109911","title":"Folding","display_name":"Folding","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-08-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2749464641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3109859.3109911","mag":"2749464641"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3109859.3109911","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3109859.3109911","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3109911&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Eleventh ACM Conference on Recommender Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3109911&type=pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028796772","display_name":"Doris Xin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Doris Xin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090173276","display_name":"Nicolas Mayoraz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicolas Mayoraz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053177562","display_name":"Hubert Pham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7216-6301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hubert Pham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088368212","display_name":"Karthik Lakshmanan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karthik Lakshmanan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108509252","display_name":"John R. Anderson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3094-8885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John R. Anderson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028796772"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3854,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9371114,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"201","last_page":"209"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12101","display_name":"Advanced Bandit Algorithms Research","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9842000007629395,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-relationship","display_name":"Spurious relationship","score":0.8469603061676025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7424273490905762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.6631365418434143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recommender-system","display_name":"Recommender system","score":0.6251884698867798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/folding","display_name":"Folding (DSP implementation)","score":0.507103681564331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4762311577796936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4192246198654175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.37913593649864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.335336834192276}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.8469603061676025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7424273490905762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.6631365418434143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557471498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554950","display_name":"Recommender system","level":2,"score":0.6251884698867798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776545253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5464292","display_name":"Folding (DSP implementation)","level":2,"score":0.507103681564331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4762311577796936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4192246198654175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.37913593649864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.335336834192276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3109859.3109911","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3109859.3109911","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3109911&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Eleventh ACM Conference on Recommender Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3109859.3109911","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3109859.3109911","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=3109911&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Eleventh ACM Conference on Recommender Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2749464641.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2749464641.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W331119053","https://openalex.org/W1690919088","https://openalex.org/W1886704267","https://openalex.org/W1971040550","https://openalex.org/W1992665562","https://openalex.org/W2005415325","https://openalex.org/W2009718036","https://openalex.org/W2020631728","https://openalex.org/W2023603028","https://openalex.org/W2044758663","https://openalex.org/W2054141820","https://openalex.org/W2097732278","https://openalex.org/W2100664567","https://openalex.org/W2101409192","https://openalex.org/W2108630796","https://openalex.org/W2112856797","https://openalex.org/W2114538223","https://openalex.org/W2118934678","https://openalex.org/W2124187902","https://openalex.org/W2125330369","https://openalex.org/W2134584261","https://openalex.org/W2150886314","https://openalex.org/W2150921150","https://openalex.org/W2156616870","https://openalex.org/W2157519573","https://openalex.org/W2161676175","https://openalex.org/W2169038197","https://openalex.org/W2219888463","https://openalex.org/W2279176662","https://openalex.org/W2472158773","https://openalex.org/W2624617553","https://openalex.org/W2950985674","https://openalex.org/W2964273061","https://openalex.org/W3099466270"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3113091479","https://openalex.org/W2162899405","https://openalex.org/W941090075","https://openalex.org/W2044987316","https://openalex.org/W3134374554","https://openalex.org/W2237480245","https://openalex.org/W2075065631","https://openalex.org/W2519167559","https://openalex.org/W4311248832","https://openalex.org/W4386113923"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,60,170],"recommender":[1,46,182],"systems":[2],"based":[3],"on":[4,134,156,163],"low-rank":[5,88],"factorization":[6],"of":[7,25,44,79,82,96,108,137,147,181],"a":[8,13,45,66,102,111],"partially":[9],"observed":[10],"user-item":[11],"matrix,":[12],"common":[14],"phenomenon":[15],"that":[16,104,132,186],"plagues":[17],"many":[18],"otherwise":[19],"effective":[20],"models":[21],"is":[22],"the":[23,31,41,76,87,106,135,145,152,172,175],"interleaving":[24],"good":[26,138],"and":[27,84,140,159,166,178,196],"spurious":[28,36,71,199],"recommendations":[29,49,139],"in":[30,53,86,110,116],"top-K":[32],"results.":[33],"A":[34],"single":[35],"recommendation":[37],"can":[38,191],"dramatically":[39],"impact":[40,146],"perceived":[42],"quality":[43],"system.":[47],"Spurious":[48],"do":[50],"not":[51],"result":[52],"serendipitous":[54],"discoveries":[55],"but":[56,143],"rather":[57],"cognitive":[58],"dissonance.":[59],"this":[61],"work,":[62],"we":[63,184],"investigate":[64],"folding,":[65],"major":[67],"contributing":[68],"factor":[69],"to":[70,75,114,120,193],"recommendations.":[72,123,149,200],"Folding":[73],"refers":[74],"unintentional":[77],"overlap":[78],"disparate":[80],"groups":[81],"users":[83],"items":[85],"embedding":[89],"vector":[90],"space,":[91],"induced":[92],"by":[93],"improper":[94],"handling":[95],"missing":[97],"data.":[98],"We":[99,150],"formally":[100],"define":[101],"metric":[103,126,154,177],"quantifies":[105],"severity":[107],"folding":[109,125,153,176,195],"trained":[112],"system,":[113],"assist":[115],"diagnosing":[117],"its":[118,161],"potential":[119],"make":[121],"inappropriate":[122],"The":[124],"complements":[127],"existing":[128],"information":[129],"retrieval":[130],"metrics":[131,190],"focus":[133],"number":[136],"their":[141],"ranks":[142],"ignore":[144],"undesired":[148],"motivate":[151],"definition":[155],"synthetic":[157,165],"data":[158],"evaluate":[160],"effectiveness":[162],"both":[164],"real":[167],"world":[168],"datasets.":[169],"studying":[171],"relationship":[173],"between":[174],"other":[179],"characteristics":[180],"systems,":[183],"observe":[185],"optimizing":[187],"for":[188],"goodness":[189],"lead":[192],"high":[194],"thus":[197],"more":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2017-08-31T00:00:00"}