{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2037436503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2664591.2664610","title":"Light Beam Tracing for Multi-Bounce Specular and Glossy Transport Paths","display_name":"Light Beam Tracing for Multi-Bounce Specular and Glossy Transport Paths","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2037436503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2664591.2664610","mag":"2037436503"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2664591.2664610","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2664591.2664610","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Southern African Institute for Computer Scientist and Information Technologists Annual Conference 2014 on SAICSIT 2014 Empowered by Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026123870","display_name":"Bernardt Duvenhage","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21360634","display_name":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05j00sr48","country_code":"ZA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21360634"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"B. Duvenhage","raw_affiliation_strings":["Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21360634"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048208600","display_name":"Kadi Bouatouch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802519937","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Syst\u00e8mes Al\u00e9atoires","ror":"https://ror.org/00myn0z94","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I2802204017","https://openalex.org/I2802519937","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210127572","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I56067802"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56067802","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/015m7wh34","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Bouatouch","raw_affiliation_strings":["IRISA / University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France","[IRISA University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRISA / University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802519937","https://openalex.org/I56067802"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[IRISA University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109072937","display_name":"D.G. Kourie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. G. Kourie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026123870"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21360634"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17120083,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"199","last_page":"208"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specular-reflection","display_name":"Specular reflection","score":0.7919042110443115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ray-tracing","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","score":0.722643256187439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.6757462024688721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.5936009883880615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-tracing","display_name":"Beam tracing","score":0.5934396982192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracing","display_name":"Tracing","score":0.5538806915283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-tracing","display_name":"Path tracing","score":0.5475505590438843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometrical-optics","display_name":"Geometrical optics","score":0.5364665985107422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.5218031406402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line-integral","display_name":"Line integral","score":0.4645298421382904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irradiance","display_name":"Irradiance","score":0.4537102282047272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specular-highlight","display_name":"Specular highlight","score":0.4480418264865875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence-theorem","display_name":"Divergence theorem","score":0.44118979573249817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-illumination","display_name":"Global illumination","score":0.43566659092903137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-beam","display_name":"Gaussian beam","score":0.4328257441520691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.4208306074142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integral-equation","display_name":"Integral equation","score":0.3770643174648285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam","display_name":"Beam (structure)","score":0.3703581690788269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-ray-tracing","display_name":"Distributed ray tracing","score":0.33266663551330566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.2822329103946686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.27006322145462036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.2675877809524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20525944232940674}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118381688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1079524","display_name":"Specular reflection","level":2,"score":0.7919042110443115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121483023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7298343","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.722643256187439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.6757462024688721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5936009883880615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124692087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876194","display_name":"Beam tracing","level":4,"score":0.5934396982192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138673069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322229","display_name":"Tracing","level":2,"score":0.5538806915283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110541219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72948","display_name":"Path tracing","level":3,"score":0.5475505590438843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110277352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467980","display_name":"Geometrical optics","level":2,"score":0.5364665985107422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5218031406402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75023562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467699","display_name":"Line integral","level":3,"score":0.4645298421382904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46423501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830654","display_name":"Irradiance","level":2,"score":0.4537102282047272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50045419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575328","display_name":"Specular highlight","level":3,"score":0.4480418264865875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16030659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338886","display_name":"Divergence theorem","level":4,"score":0.44118979573249817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89720835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1531701","display_name":"Global illumination","level":3,"score":0.43566659092903137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778315978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944873","display_name":"Gaussian beam","level":3,"score":0.4328257441520691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.4208306074142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27016315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580101","display_name":"Integral equation","level":2,"score":0.3770643174648285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.3703581690788269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82744980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q951513","display_name":"Distributed ray tracing","level":3,"score":0.33266663551330566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.2822329103946686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.27006322145462036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.2675877809524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20525944232940674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45962547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1422068","display_name":"Fixed-point theorem","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146147875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1144897","display_name":"Brouwer fixed-point theorem","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2664591.2664610","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2664591.2664610","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Southern African Institute for Computer Scientist and Information Technologists Annual Conference 2014 on SAICSIT 2014 Empowered by Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/50893","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2263/50893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401870","display_name":"UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I69552723","host_organization_name":"University of Pretoria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W146468743","https://openalex.org/W1535835519","https://openalex.org/W1564557124","https://openalex.org/W1972679717","https://openalex.org/W1975183665","https://openalex.org/W1980536927","https://openalex.org/W1982661771","https://openalex.org/W1983599709","https://openalex.org/W1987212881","https://openalex.org/W2023349607","https://openalex.org/W2036284999","https://openalex.org/W2039431245","https://openalex.org/W2126539456","https://openalex.org/W2139999654","https://openalex.org/W2148309695","https://openalex.org/W2159169785","https://openalex.org/W2160315210","https://openalex.org/W2167031184","https://openalex.org/W2168391538","https://openalex.org/W2296516740","https://openalex.org/W2482723560","https://openalex.org/W4235375376"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1590152764","https://openalex.org/W560143338","https://openalex.org/W2080046428","https://openalex.org/W1536739775","https://openalex.org/W4311136112","https://openalex.org/W53293301","https://openalex.org/W655645366","https://openalex.org/W2720897901","https://openalex.org/W1491891726","https://openalex.org/W2168391538"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"a":[3,51],"new":[4],"extension":[5],"to":[6,39],"light":[7],"beam":[8],"tracing":[9],"that":[10,44],"includes":[11],"glossy":[12,28],"multi-bounce":[13],"transport":[14],"paths":[15],"for":[16],"more":[17],"realistic":[18],"rendering":[19],"of":[20,26],"caustics.":[21],"A":[22],"spherical":[23],"Gaussian":[24],"approximation":[25],"the":[27,46],"scatter":[29],"distribution":[30],"as":[31,33],"well":[32],"Gauss'":[34],"divergence":[35],"theorem":[36],"is":[37],"used":[38],"develop":[40],"an":[41],"efficient":[42],"solution":[43],"replaces":[45],"irradiance":[47],"surface":[48],"integral":[49],"with":[50],"boundary":[52],"line":[53],"integral.":[54]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
