{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2058651769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1944745.1944785","title":"Image-space constraints for controlling camera interpolation","display_name":"Image-space constraints for controlling camera interpolation","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-02-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2058651769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1944745.1944785","mag":"2058651769"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1944745.1944785","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1944745.1944785","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041214470","display_name":"Ross Sowell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7063-4373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ross Sowell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington University in St. Louis","(, Washington University in St. Louis)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University in St. Louis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(, Washington University in St. Louis)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080897805","display_name":"Tom Erez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tom Erez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington University in St. Louis","(, Washington University in St. Louis)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University in St. Louis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(, Washington University in St. Louis)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046617544","display_name":"Emily Feder","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emily Feder","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington University in St. Louis","(, Washington University in St. Louis)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University in St. Louis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(, Washington University in St. Louis)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054189045","display_name":"Cindy Grimm","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1711-7112"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cindy Grimm","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington University in St. Louis","(, Washington University in St. Louis)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University in St. Louis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(, Washington University in St. Louis)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086247053","display_name":"Jianqi Xing","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianqi Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Illinois Institute of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Illinois Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001779544","display_name":"Leon Barrett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9896-3259"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leon Barrett","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041214470"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12127915,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"205","last_page":"205"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7716183662414551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/camera-auto-calibration","display_name":"Camera auto-calibration","score":0.7083351016044617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7010445594787598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6819952726364136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.6785112619400024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpolation","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","score":0.6212728023529053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pinhole-camera-model","display_name":"Pinhole camera model","score":0.5591616630554199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/camera-resectioning","display_name":"Camera resectioning","score":0.5384374260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.44305604696273804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/camera-matrix","display_name":"Camera matrix","score":0.4425007402896881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","score":0.43164151906967163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animation","display_name":"Animation","score":0.4105871021747589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.12597110867500305}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7716183662414551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94816000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5026006","display_name":"Camera auto-calibration","level":3,"score":0.7083351016044617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7010445594787598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6819952726364136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.6785112619400024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.6212728023529053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199996500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14369636","display_name":"Pinhole camera model","level":4,"score":0.5591616630554199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110898773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2933935","display_name":"Camera resectioning","level":2,"score":0.5384374260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.44305604696273804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C679329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5026015","display_name":"Camera matrix","level":5,"score":0.4425007402896881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.43164151906967163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.4105871021747589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.12597110867500305}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1944745.1944785","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1944745.1944785","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W658381347","https://openalex.org/W988466463","https://openalex.org/W1566070776","https://openalex.org/W1975698725","https://openalex.org/W1978226270","https://openalex.org/W1986578548","https://openalex.org/W1995503581","https://openalex.org/W1996577481","https://openalex.org/W2000839491","https://openalex.org/W2001274398","https://openalex.org/W2028317901","https://openalex.org/W2095614026","https://openalex.org/W2095627417","https://openalex.org/W2097141877","https://openalex.org/W2105823323","https://openalex.org/W2109944946","https://openalex.org/W2121863487","https://openalex.org/W2128574024","https://openalex.org/W2134211982","https://openalex.org/W2142876261","https://openalex.org/W2147774191","https://openalex.org/W2164266004","https://openalex.org/W2169209873","https://openalex.org/W2245379371"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W227461850","https://openalex.org/W2118427684","https://openalex.org/W4254512752","https://openalex.org/W42909716","https://openalex.org/W2052984831","https://openalex.org/W2378222798","https://openalex.org/W1593370737","https://openalex.org/W2785097492","https://openalex.org/W2371079219","https://openalex.org/W2392935764"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Camera":[0,37],"keyframing":[1,38],"is":[2,75,123],"an":[3],"integral":[4],"part":[5],"of":[6,19,28,62,118],"the":[7,14,23,41,49,57,63,72,78,87,93,98,104,125,139,143],"animation":[8],"making":[9],"process.":[10],"The":[11,83,120],"animator":[12,84,126],"places":[13],"camera":[15,30,42,64,105,112],"in":[16,48,65,92,97,133,142],"a":[17,26,68,129],"sequence":[18],"\"key\"":[20],"positions,":[21],"and":[22,59],"computer":[24],"produces":[25],"set":[27],"intermediate":[29,52],"locations":[31],"that":[32,124],"interpolates":[33],"between":[34],"these":[35],"keyframes.":[36],"traditionally":[39],"treats":[40],"as":[43],"just":[44],"another":[45,116],"3D":[46,69,79,111],"object":[47],"scene,":[50],"with":[51],"frames":[53],"produced":[54],"by":[55,102],"interpolating":[56],"position":[58],"focal":[60],"point":[61],"space.":[66],"Unlike":[67],"object,":[70],"however,":[71],"camera's":[73],"role":[74],"to":[76,135],"project":[77],"scene":[80,94,141],"into":[81],"2D.":[82],"indirectly":[85],"controls":[86],"projection":[88],"---":[89,101],"how":[90],"objects":[91,137],"are":[95],"placed":[96],"2D":[99,140],"image":[100],"adjusting":[103],"parameters":[106],"for":[107],"each":[108],"keyframe.":[109],"Automatic":[110],"interpolation":[113],"adds":[114],"yet":[115],"layer":[117],"indirection.":[119],"net":[121],"effect":[122],"must":[127],"solve":[128],"complicated":[130],"inverse":[131],"problem":[132],"order":[134],"move":[136],"across":[138],"desired":[144],"manner.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
