{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2156544912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1408681.1408686","title":"Language design","display_name":"Language design","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2156544912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1408681.1408686","mag":"2156544912"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1408681.1408686","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1408681.1408686","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2008 symposium on Dynamic languages","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005368647","display_name":"Laurence Tratt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5258-3805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9300472","display_name":"Bournemouth University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wwcw481","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9300472"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Laurence Tratt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bournemouth University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bournemouth University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9300472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005368647"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9300472"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19532794,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.09200000017881393,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.09200000017881393,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7753995656967163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mainstream","display_name":"Mainstream","score":0.7067819237709045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-generation-programming-language","display_name":"Second-generation programming language","score":0.6509565114974976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax","display_name":"Syntax","score":0.5829821825027466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.5795289278030396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fifth-generation-programming-language","display_name":"Fifth-generation programming language","score":0.5466041564941406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourth-generation-programming-language","display_name":"Fourth-generation programming language","score":0.4633031487464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homogeneous","display_name":"Homogeneous","score":0.4361913800239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparison-of-multi-paradigm-programming-languages","display_name":"Comparison of multi-paradigm programming languages","score":0.4359756112098694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.4194391667842865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/third-generation-programming-language","display_name":"Third-generation programming language","score":0.4174744188785553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language-theory","display_name":"Programming language theory","score":0.41510099172592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-paradigm","display_name":"Programming paradigm","score":0.32945725321769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32768702507019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1008923351764679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-logic-programming","display_name":"Functional logic programming","score":0.08258739113807678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductive-programming","display_name":"Inductive programming","score":0.07415193319320679}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7753995656967163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777617010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18957","display_name":"Mainstream","level":2,"score":0.7067819237709045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11164408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18657800","display_name":"Second-generation programming language","level":4,"score":0.6509565114974976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.5829821825027466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5795289278030396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199305712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3205914","display_name":"Fifth-generation programming language","level":3,"score":0.5466041564941406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145628200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238137","display_name":"Fourth-generation programming language","level":5,"score":0.4633031487464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66882249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169336","display_name":"Homogeneous","level":2,"score":0.4361913800239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74149592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q762446","display_name":"Comparison of multi-paradigm programming languages","level":5,"score":0.4359756112098694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.4194391667842865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206146517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1294375","display_name":"Third-generation programming language","level":5,"score":0.4174744188785553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18701968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2670534","display_name":"Programming language theory","level":4,"score":0.41510099172592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34165917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188267","display_name":"Programming paradigm","level":2,"score":0.32945725321769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32768702507019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1008923351764679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96315309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5508829","display_name":"Functional logic programming","level":4,"score":0.08258739113807678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50033165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15712089","display_name":"Inductive programming","level":3,"score":0.07415193319320679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1408681.1408686","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1408681.1408686","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2008 symposium on Dynamic languages","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7300000190734863,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148929677","https://openalex.org/W4379163711","https://openalex.org/W2585991957","https://openalex.org/W2149351457","https://openalex.org/W2051841925","https://openalex.org/W4387449368","https://openalex.org/W4255123488","https://openalex.org/W2921313747","https://openalex.org/W1973795410","https://openalex.org/W2227474268"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Programming":[0],"languages":[1,29,101,134,165],"are":[2,30],"the":[3,34,54,76,82,164],"medium":[4],"used":[5,63],"to":[6,10,40,139,152],"express":[7],"our":[8],"wishes":[9],"a":[11,51,67,125,143,156],"computer.":[12],"Unlike":[13],"human":[14],"languages,":[15,87],"we":[16],"can":[17,135],"alter,":[18],"destroy,":[19],"and":[20,56,90,113,119,154],"create":[21],"them":[22,37],"at":[23,97],"will.":[24],"Despite":[25],"this,":[26],"mainstream":[27],"programming":[28,86],"surprisingly":[31],"homogeneous":[32],"with":[33],"differences":[35],"between":[36],"often":[38],"amounting":[39],"little":[41],"more":[42],"than":[43,105],"surface":[44],"syntax":[45],"issues.":[46],"New":[47],"ideas":[48,130],"rarely":[49],"get":[50],"toe-hold":[52],"in":[53],"marketplace":[55],"those":[57],"that":[58,108,149],"do":[59],"have":[60],"typically":[61],"been":[62],"for":[64,81],"decades":[65],"by":[66],"sizeable":[68],"minority":[69],"(e.g.":[70],"dynamic":[71],"typing).":[72],"In":[73],"this":[74],"talk":[75],"speaker":[77],"will":[78,94,122],"suggest":[79],"reasons":[80],"inherent":[83],"conservativeness":[84],"of":[85,127,142,160],"their":[88,91,117],"designers,":[89],"users.":[92],"He":[93,121],"look":[95],"back":[96],"some":[98,103],"largely":[99],"forgotten":[100],"-":[102,107,147],"older":[104],"others":[106],"introduced":[109],"distinctive":[110],"language":[111,146],"features,":[112],"offer":[114],"thoughts":[115],"on":[116],"successes":[118],"failures.":[120],"show":[123],"how":[124],"series":[126],"seemingly":[128],"outlandish":[129],"scavenged":[131],"from":[132],"such":[133],"be":[136],"blended":[137],"together":[138],"form":[140],"part":[141],"coherent":[144],"modern":[145],"one":[148],"also":[150],"aims":[151],"try":[153],"inject":[155],"few":[157],"new":[158],"memes":[159],"its":[161],"own":[162],"into":[163],"pool.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}