{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2043055895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/108541.108543","title":"Automating the lexical and syntactic design of graphical user interfaces","display_name":"Automating the lexical and syntactic design of graphical user interfaces","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2043055895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/108541.108543","mag":"2043055895"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/108541.108543","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/108541.108543","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/108541.108543","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/108541.108543","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111517145","display_name":"Gurminder Singh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gurminder Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada","University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100633156","display_name":"Mark Green","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7886-6205"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Green","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada","University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8585,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95069915,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3","first_page":"213","last_page":"254"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citation","display_name":"Citation","score":0.8001967668533325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6886261105537415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.43623268604278564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-user-interface","display_name":"Graphical user interface","score":0.4283865988254547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.4234086871147156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3512582778930664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.21284496784210205}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778805511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713","display_name":"Citation","level":2,"score":0.8001967668533325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6886261105537415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.43623268604278564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37789001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782543","display_name":"Graphical user interface","level":2,"score":0.4283865988254547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.4234086871147156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3512582778930664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.21284496784210205}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/108541.108543","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/108541.108543","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/108541.108543","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/108541.108543","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/108541.108543","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/108541.108543","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2043055895.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2043055895.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24875179","https://openalex.org/W1494930296","https://openalex.org/W1530817214","https://openalex.org/W1535412287","https://openalex.org/W1555462707","https://openalex.org/W1963572625","https://openalex.org/W1966629784","https://openalex.org/W1974795494","https://openalex.org/W1979253984","https://openalex.org/W1985938832","https://openalex.org/W1986068387","https://openalex.org/W1997301821","https://openalex.org/W1998322375","https://openalex.org/W2008557088","https://openalex.org/W2008633805","https://openalex.org/W2028764699","https://openalex.org/W2036467129","https://openalex.org/W2036595663","https://openalex.org/W2046345502","https://openalex.org/W2048707641","https://openalex.org/W2059356072","https://openalex.org/W2071080030","https://openalex.org/W2077109073","https://openalex.org/W2078129788","https://openalex.org/W2079566271","https://openalex.org/W2117081378","https://openalex.org/W2117387723","https://openalex.org/W2118458397","https://openalex.org/W2132881639","https://openalex.org/W2142572603","https://openalex.org/W2144708991","https://openalex.org/W2149142096","https://openalex.org/W2215669843","https://openalex.org/W2247485652","https://openalex.org/W2614914845","https://openalex.org/W4254792359"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4317642157","https://openalex.org/W2363440148","https://openalex.org/W2505786821","https://openalex.org/W2317510431","https://openalex.org/W4239542068","https://openalex.org/W134931362","https://openalex.org/W3162170176","https://openalex.org/W2993198389","https://openalex.org/W2102284328"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,58,96,159],"primary":[1],"goal":[2],"of":[3,23,27,55,73,109,118,135,181,188],"the":[4,20,34,67,74,82,104,110,119,121,130,136,149,153,157,179],"UofA*":[5,59,160],"UIMS":[6,161],"is":[7,64,123],"to":[8,17,37,61,65,85,124,151],"address":[9],"a":[10,115],"key":[11],"problem":[12,63],"with":[13,39,156],"UIMSS:":[14],"their":[15],"inability":[16],"help":[18],"in":[19,53,99,164,183],"initial":[21,68],"design":[22,69,166],"user":[24,75,111],"interfaces,":[25],"Because":[26],"this":[28,62,100,128],"inability,":[29],"most":[30],"existing":[31],"UIMSS":[32],"require":[33],"interface":[35,76,83,97,112,122,137,144,165],"designer":[36,84,150],"work":[38],"low":[40],"level":[41],"syntactic":[42,131],"and":[43,51,71,79,89,106,113,132,141,171],"lexical":[44,133],"detail,":[45],"which":[46,184],"can":[47,145,190],"be":[48,146],"very":[49],"time-consuming":[50],"expensive":[52],"terms":[54],"effort":[56],"required.":[57],"approach":[60],"produce":[66],"specification":[70],"implementation":[72],"automatically":[77,139],"y,":[78],"then":[80],"enable":[81],"improve":[86,152],"its":[87],"appearance":[88],"effectiveness":[90],"through":[91],"an":[92],"interactive":[93],"refinement":[94],"process,":[95],"designer,":[98],"approach,":[101],"works":[102],"at":[103],"conceptual":[105],"semantic":[107],"levels":[108,134],"produces":[114],"high-level":[116],"description":[117,129],"commands":[120],"support.":[125],"Based":[126],"on":[127],"are":[138],"designed":[140],"implemented.":[142],"This":[143],"refined":[147],"by":[148,167],"resulting":[154],"interaction":[155],"user.":[158],"facilitates":[162],"exploration":[163],"using":[168],"user's":[169],"preferences":[170],"designer's":[172],"guidelines":[173],"as":[174],"optional":[175],"inputs.":[176],"It":[177],"allows":[178],"creation":[180],"interfaces":[182],"many":[185],"different":[186],"types":[187],"syntaxes":[189],"coexist.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
