{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2006013414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/383535.383536","title":"A cognitive approach to judicial opinion structure","display_name":"A cognitive approach to judicial opinion structure","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2006013414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/383535.383536","mag":"2006013414"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/383535.383536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/383535.383536","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Artificial intelligence and law","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025701458","display_name":"Jack G. Conrad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-9385"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68384125","display_name":"Thomson Reuters (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00m7gt169","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68384125"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jack G. Conrad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research & Development, Thomson Legal & Regulatory, St.Paul, MN"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research & Development, Thomson Legal & Regulatory, St.Paul, MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68384125"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027475901","display_name":"Daniel P. Da bney","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel P. Da bney","raw_affiliation_strings":["West Online Research, West Group, St.Paul, MN","West Online Research, West Group, St. Paul, MN#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"West Online Research, West Group, St.Paul, MN","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"West Online Research, West Group, St. Paul, MN#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025701458"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68384125"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.3699,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97298306,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.9466000199317932,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13877","display_name":"Law in Society and Culture","score":0.9465000033378601,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schema","display_name":"Schema (genetic algorithms)","score":0.7037694454193115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6117691397666931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-opinion","display_name":"Judicial opinion","score":0.5935022830963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5699536204338074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-opinion","display_name":"Expert opinion","score":0.5663780570030212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.5296960473060608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.43896111845970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4040602445602417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3623625636100769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.35426902770996094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.2898443639278412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.22090721130371094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.19728431105613708}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52146309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431116","display_name":"Schema (genetic algorithms)","level":2,"score":0.7037694454193115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6117691397666931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100505606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6302997","display_name":"Judicial opinion","level":2,"score":0.5935022830963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5699536204338074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020580240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663272","display_name":"Expert opinion","level":2,"score":0.5663780570030212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5296960473060608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.43896111845970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4040602445602417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3623625636100769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.35426902770996094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2898443639278412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.22090721130371094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.19728431105613708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/383535.383536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/383535.383536","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Artificial intelligence and law","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W236402850","https://openalex.org/W599614269","https://openalex.org/W636520069","https://openalex.org/W646670893","https://openalex.org/W1495320385","https://openalex.org/W1501756943","https://openalex.org/W1518202834","https://openalex.org/W1524164055","https://openalex.org/W1570278093","https://openalex.org/W1637480429","https://openalex.org/W1977736702","https://openalex.org/W2025139391","https://openalex.org/W2040789319","https://openalex.org/W2045738181","https://openalex.org/W2064579132","https://openalex.org/W2116003303","https://openalex.org/W2118898541","https://openalex.org/W2124799305","https://openalex.org/W2166806362","https://openalex.org/W2292347285","https://openalex.org/W2331218681","https://openalex.org/W2358763602","https://openalex.org/W2914901481","https://openalex.org/W4210834152","https://openalex.org/W4245150878","https://openalex.org/W4401148544"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392559533","https://openalex.org/W3096347392","https://openalex.org/W2033101018","https://openalex.org/W4318930503","https://openalex.org/W2369033652","https://openalex.org/W4389249965","https://openalex.org/W3138828798","https://openalex.org/W3016851452","https://openalex.org/W3127439003","https://openalex.org/W2388057009"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Empirical":[0],"research":[1],"on":[2,134],"basic":[3],"components":[4,42,152],"of":[5,15,19,43,58,66,69,83,88,100,105,127,151],"American":[6,48],"judicial":[7,44,89],"opinions":[8,45],"has":[9],"only":[10],"scratched":[11],"the":[12,77,101],"surface.":[13],"Lack":[14],"a":[16,37,56,63,95,125],"coordinated":[17],"pool":[18],"legal":[20,70,106],"experts":[21],"or":[22],"adequate":[23],"computational":[24],"resources":[25],"are":[26,132,140],"but":[27],"two":[28,129],"reasons":[29],"responsible":[30],"for":[31],"this":[32,109,136,149],"deficiency.":[33],"We":[34],"have":[35],"undertaken":[36],"study":[38,52,110],"to":[39,114,156],"uncover":[40],"fundamental":[41],"found":[46],"in":[47,135],"case":[49],"law.":[50],"The":[51,73,121],"was":[53,79],"aided":[54],"by":[55],"team":[57],"twelve":[59],"expert":[60,91],"attorney-editors":[61],"with":[62,86],"combined":[64],"total":[65],"135":[67],"years":[68,82],"editing":[71],"experience.":[72],"scientific":[74],"hypothesis":[75],"underlying":[76],"experiment":[78],"that":[80],"after":[81],"working":[84],"closely":[85],"thousands":[87],"opinions,":[90],"attorneys":[92],"would":[93],"develop":[94],"refined":[96],"and":[97,103,118,147,153],"internalized":[98],"schema":[99],"content":[102],"structure":[104],"cases.":[107],"In":[108],"participants":[111],"were":[112],"permitted":[113],"describe":[115],"both":[116],"concept-related":[117],"format-related":[119],"components.":[120],"resultant":[122],"components,":[123],"representing":[124],"combination":[126],"these":[128],"broad":[130],"categories,":[131],"reported":[133],"paper.":[137],"Additional":[138],"experiments":[139],"currently":[141],"under":[142],"way":[143],"which":[144],"further":[145],"validated":[146],"refine":[148],"set":[150],"apply":[154],"them":[155],"new":[157],"search":[158],"paradigms.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}