{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7169866495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820441.3820459","title":"Integrating AI Clusters into Virtual Private Cloud","display_name":"Integrating AI Clusters into Virtual Private Cloud","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7169866495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820441.3820459"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3820441.3820459","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820441.3820459","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th Asia-Pacific Workshop on Networking","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820441.3820459","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5141287136","display_name":"Yinhe Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1286-7706"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108629","display_name":"Computer Network Information Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01s0wyf50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210108629"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinhe Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1286-7706","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108629","https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045846077","display_name":"Xing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5379-7512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China and Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5379-7512","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China and Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071045707","display_name":"Enge Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4442-2817"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enge Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4442-2817","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5141259424","display_name":"Zihao Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6141-0738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zihao Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6141-0738","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044974695","display_name":"Changgang Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1894-722X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changgang Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1894-722X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025209408","display_name":"Haonan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1035-5924"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haonan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1035-5924","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5141262476","display_name":"Shengyao Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6029-1978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengyao Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6029-1978","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5141255988","display_name":"Juncheng Xiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7608-7363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108629","display_name":"Computer Network Information Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01s0wyf50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210108629"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juncheng Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7608-7363","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108629","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075278302","display_name":"Ye Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3662-3846"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3662-3846","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5141271615","display_name":"Junnan Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8234-1393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junnan Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8234-1393","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5141281035","display_name":"Chang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8206-0442"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8206-0442","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129771601","display_name":"H Pan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108629","display_name":"Computer Network Information Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01s0wyf50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210108629"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoxiang Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9294-7417","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210108629"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102675597","display_name":"Yang Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2611-757X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2611-757X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108915603","display_name":"Yilong Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5194-5288"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yilong Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5194-5288","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035621928","display_name":"Qiang Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8067-5571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Technologies, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8067-5571","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Technologies, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111275664","display_name":"Zhigang Zong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhigang Zong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7124-6705","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058593618","display_name":"Heng Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5506-5958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108629","display_name":"Computer Network Information Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01s0wyf50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210108629"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heng Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5506-5958","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210108629"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078546063","display_name":"Shunmin Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7756-0952"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shunmin Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7756-0952","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"122","last_page":"129"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":null,"topics":[],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stateful-firewall","display_name":"Stateful firewall","score":0.8105000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5105000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.47839999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.46630001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.4302999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4235000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enforcement","display_name":"Enforcement","score":0.4050999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-network","display_name":"Private network","score":0.3671000003814697}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8277000188827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22927095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1784206","display_name":"Stateful firewall","level":3,"score":0.8105000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.525600016117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5105000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.47839999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46630001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.4302999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4235000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.40529999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.4050999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117387248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11186","display_name":"Private network","level":2,"score":0.3671000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775941552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25212305","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","level":2,"score":0.3521000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.33070001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3043999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113508815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193446","display_name":"Packet switching","level":3,"score":0.29330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77714075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5452017","display_name":"Firewall (physics)","level":5,"score":0.2757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103613024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230924","display_name":"Stateless protocol","level":3,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81147070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172449","display_name":"Encapsulation (networking)","level":2,"score":0.25}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3820441.3820459","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820441.3820459","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th Asia-Pacific Workshop on Networking","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3820441.3820459","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820441.3820459","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th Asia-Pacific Workshop on Networking","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3189425713","https://openalex.org/W4224903494","https://openalex.org/W4281657584","https://openalex.org/W4290991674","https://openalex.org/W4307929097","https://openalex.org/W4386378084","https://openalex.org/W4401176521","https://openalex.org/W4401176799","https://openalex.org/W4403221889"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"commodity":[1,130],"NIC-based":[2],"back-end":[3,65,102],"AI":[4,136],"networks":[5],"offer":[6],"ultra-high":[7],"intra-cluster":[8],"bandwidth":[9,62],"for":[10,76],"distributed":[11],"training,":[12],"their":[13],"limited":[14],"programmability":[15],"and":[16,30,63,80,104,117,138],"on-chip":[17],"resources":[18,37],"hinder":[19],"the":[20,39,46,53,59,64,125],"implementation":[21],"of":[22,124],"advanced":[23],"VPC":[24,40,72,99,140],"features":[25],"such":[26],"as":[27],"fine-grained":[28],"isolation":[29],"stateful":[31],"security":[32],"policies.":[33],"Furthermore,":[34],"access":[35],"to":[36,42,97],"within":[38],"needs":[41],"be":[43],"routed":[44],"through":[45],"front-end":[47,60],"DPU,":[48],"which":[49],"is":[50,74],"shared":[51],"by":[52],"scale-up":[54],"domain.":[55],"The":[56],"mismatch":[57],"between":[58],"DPU\u2019s":[61],"requirements":[66],"causes":[67],"GPU":[68,111],"underutilization":[69],"when":[70],"intensive":[71],"communication":[73],"required":[75],"content":[77],"recommendation,":[78],"AIGC,":[79],"federated":[81],"learning":[82],"workloads.":[83],"We":[84],"propose":[85],"an":[86],"architecture":[87],"that":[88,129],"decouples":[89],"complex":[90],"policy":[91],"enforcement":[92],"from":[93],"high-speed":[94],"packet":[95],"forwarding":[96],"support":[98,133],"semantics":[100],"on":[101],"NICs":[103],"enable":[105],"front-end/back-end":[106],"integration.":[107],"Evaluations":[108],"show":[109],"near-full":[110],"utilization":[112],"in":[113],"our":[114],"analytical":[115],"model":[116],"71":[118],"\u03bc":[119],"s":[120],"P999":[121],"extra":[122],"latency":[123],"first":[126],"packet,":[127],"suggesting":[128],"hardware":[131],"can":[132],"both":[134],"high-throughput":[135],"training":[137],"flexible":[139],"features.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T06:00:27.337203","created_date":"2026-07-22T00:00:00"}