{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7203757899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820253.3820276","title":"3D Dreams Are Made of This - Comparing Sketching on XR and Tablet Devices as Input Modalities for 3D Model Generation","display_name":"3D Dreams Are Made of This - Comparing Sketching on XR and Tablet Devices as Input Modalities for 3D Model Generation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7203757899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820253.3820276"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3820253.3820276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820253.3820276","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2026","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820253.3820276","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092781428","display_name":"Niklas Pf\u00fctzenreuter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7290-3469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niklas Pf\u00fctzenreuter","raw_affiliation_strings":["HCI Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany and GENERIO, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7290-3469","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HCI Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany and GENERIO, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020519967","display_name":"Jonathan Liebers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6923-9066"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200332995","display_name":"TU Dortmund University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k97gp34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Liebers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center Trustworthy Data Science and Security, Dortmund, Germany and TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6923-9066","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center Trustworthy Data Science and Security, Dortmund, Germany and TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039989066","display_name":"Roman Heger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6705-2145"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roman Heger","raw_affiliation_strings":["HCI Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6705-2145","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HCI Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147649131","display_name":"Henning Maly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4565-0408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henning Maly","raw_affiliation_strings":["HCI Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4565-0408","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HCI Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147596996","display_name":"Steven Tischer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9968-937X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven Tischer","raw_affiliation_strings":["HCI Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9968-937X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HCI Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146555755","display_name":"Anh Duy Dao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anh Duy Dao","raw_affiliation_strings":["HCI Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6588-2487","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HCI Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043596322","display_name":"David Goedicke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4837-893X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Goedicke","raw_affiliation_strings":["HCI Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4837-893X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HCI Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024328962","display_name":"Stefan Schneega\u00df","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0132-4934"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Schneegass","raw_affiliation_strings":["HCI Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0132-4934","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HCI Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"410","last_page":"422"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":null,"topics":[],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideation","display_name":"Ideation","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.5209000110626221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4749000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.4652000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.4498000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-model","display_name":"3d model","score":0.3903999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modality","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","score":0.3815999925136566}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170477896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17039022","display_name":"Ideation","level":2,"score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6704999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6157000064849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5209000110626221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4749000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4652000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.4498000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4068000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019007443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568742","display_name":"3d model","level":2,"score":0.3903999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.3815999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.37049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20894473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1116105","display_name":"Object model","level":3,"score":0.3172999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.31610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777897806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568742","display_name":"3D modeling","level":2,"score":0.30820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776977519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4636326","display_name":"3D interaction","level":3,"score":0.30379998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982912361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1851867","display_name":"Mental model","level":2,"score":0.30160000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108882727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991685","display_name":"Solid modeling","level":2,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109950114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4464732","display_name":"3D reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.2581000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.25679999589920044}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3820253.3820276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820253.3820276","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2026","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3820253.3820276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3820253.3820276","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2026","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1770181813","https://openalex.org/W1978235861","https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W2081607672","https://openalex.org/W2094527476","https://openalex.org/W2127546249","https://openalex.org/W2135700807","https://openalex.org/W2145930572","https://openalex.org/W2157289187","https://openalex.org/W2509726941","https://openalex.org/W2611561499","https://openalex.org/W2625010223","https://openalex.org/W2756029264","https://openalex.org/W2763439172","https://openalex.org/W2766572115","https://openalex.org/W2795472713","https://openalex.org/W2884910046","https://openalex.org/W3028909176","https://openalex.org/W3042979412","https://openalex.org/W3099774306","https://openalex.org/W3154417386","https://openalex.org/W4210867585","https://openalex.org/W4307678385","https://openalex.org/W4311805948","https://openalex.org/W4386075992","https://openalex.org/W4388191573","https://openalex.org/W4390871697","https://openalex.org/W4390873054","https://openalex.org/W4391462886","https://openalex.org/W4392639404","https://openalex.org/W4396851234","https://openalex.org/W4396913589","https://openalex.org/W4402702934","https://openalex.org/W4402753838","https://openalex.org/W4407901111","https://openalex.org/W4413145208","https://openalex.org/W4413146851"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Generative":[0],"AI":[1],"(GenAI)":[2],"enables":[3,97],"the":[4,64,132],"creation":[5],"of":[6,66,134],"3D":[7,20,60,67,95,127,135,143,155],"objects":[8,68],"from":[9],"textual":[10],"descriptions":[11],"that":[12,53,94],"can":[13],"be":[14],"used":[15],"in":[16,38,83],"game":[17],"development":[18],"or":[19],"printing.":[21],"However,":[22,112],"users":[23],"struggle":[24],"to":[25,34,58,62,75,104],"express":[26],"their":[27],"vision":[28],"because":[29],"control":[30,63,114,139],"mechanisms":[31],"are":[32],"bound":[33],"2D":[35,77,101],"space,":[36],"resulting":[37],"unsatisfyingly":[39],"generated":[40],"objects.":[41],"To":[42],"address":[43],"this,":[44],"we":[45],"introduce":[46],"an":[47],"Extended":[48],"Reality":[49],"(XR)":[50],"sketching":[51,78,96,136,156],"application":[52,79],"offers":[54],"a":[55,76,81,84,138,151],"new":[56],"way":[57],"use":[59],"sketches":[61],"generation":[65],"with":[69,116],"GenAI.":[70,159],"We":[71],"compare":[72],"this":[73,121],"approach":[74],"on":[80],"tablet":[82],"study":[85],"(N=16),":[86],"both":[87],"methods":[88],"using":[89],"pen-based":[90],"input.":[91],"Results":[92],"show":[93],"faster":[98],"specification":[99],"than":[100],"sketching,":[102],"due":[103],"reduced":[105],"mental":[106],"effort":[107],"and":[108,120],"shorter":[109],"ideation":[110],"times.":[111],"perceived":[113],"decreases":[115],"increasing":[117],"object":[118,144,148],"complexity,":[119],"negative":[122],"effect":[123],"is":[124],"stronger":[125],"for":[126,141,154,158],"sketching.":[128],"These":[129],"findings":[130],"highlight":[131],"potential":[133],"as":[137,150],"modality":[140],"generative":[142],"creation,":[145],"while":[146],"identifying":[147],"complexity":[149],"key":[152],"challenge":[153],"interfaces":[157]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2026-08-20T00:00:00"}