{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160195409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3812805","title":"Cluster-Based PBFT Blockchain Consensus Modelling with Jackson Open Queuing Network","display_name":"Cluster-Based PBFT Blockchain Consensus Modelling with Jackson Open Queuing Network","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160195409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3812805"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3812805","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3812805","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210231956","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Computing Systems","issn_l":"2376-3639","issn":["2376-3639","2376-3647"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3812805","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092705476","display_name":"Rabeb Ben Othmen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9809-7055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83259278","display_name":"Manouba University","ror":"https://ror.org/0503ejf32","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83259278"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rabeb Ben Othmen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National School of Computer Science (ENSI), University of Manouba"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9809-7055","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National School of Computer Science (ENSI), University of Manouba","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83259278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060870678","display_name":"Wassim Abbessi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1483-8862"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83259278","display_name":"Manouba University","ror":"https://ror.org/0503ejf32","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83259278"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wassim Abbessi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National School of Computer Science (ENSI), University of Manouba"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1483-8862","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National School of Computer Science (ENSI), University of Manouba","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83259278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049546045","display_name":"Sofiane Ouni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2160-0254"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83259278","display_name":"Manouba University","ror":"https://ror.org/0503ejf32","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83259278"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sofiane Ouni","raw_affiliation_strings":["National School of Computer Science (ENSI), University of Manouba"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2160-0254","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National School of Computer Science (ENSI), University of Manouba","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83259278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028619604","display_name":"Wafa Badreddine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0438-3021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4647051","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Picardie Jules Verne","ror":"https://ror.org/01gyxrk03","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4647051"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wafa Badreddine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 de Picardie Jules Verne"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0438-3021","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Picardie Jules Verne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4647051"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001957846","display_name":"Gilles Dequen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7497-1182"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4647051","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Picardie Jules Verne","ror":"https://ror.org/01gyxrk03","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4647051"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gilles Dequen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 de Picardie Jules Verne"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7497-1182","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Picardie Jules Verne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4647051"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52542697,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1-2","first_page":"1","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.41990000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.41990000009536743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.3296999931335449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.060100000351667404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byzantine-fault-tolerance","display_name":"Byzantine fault tolerance","score":0.7851999998092651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queueing-theory","display_name":"Queueing theory","score":0.46380001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transaction-processing","display_name":"Transaction processing","score":0.4284000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queue","display_name":"Queue","score":0.4203000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.39820000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.3961000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retard","display_name":"Retard","score":0.3296999931335449}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7986999750137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168021876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1353446","display_name":"Byzantine fault tolerance","level":3,"score":0.7851999998092651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.6402999758720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22684755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847526","display_name":"Queueing theory","level":2,"score":0.46380001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72108876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844565","display_name":"Transaction processing","level":3,"score":0.4284000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160403385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220543","display_name":"Queue","level":2,"score":0.4203000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.39820000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.3961000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.33230000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777131613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18394147","display_name":"Retard","level":2,"score":0.3296999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983222225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2994424","display_name":"Consensus algorithm","level":2,"score":0.3206999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.3197999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70061542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989016","display_name":"Distributed database","level":2,"score":0.30239999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.29330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106515295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26806595","display_name":"Parallel processing","level":2,"score":0.29260000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534932454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161410","display_name":"Peer-to-peer","level":2,"score":0.27959999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56348326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1047554","display_name":"Mutual exclusion","level":2,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17532199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17083590","display_name":"Quantum Byzantine agreement","level":4,"score":0.25920000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3812805","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3812805","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210231956","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Computing Systems","issn_l":"2376-3639","issn":["2376-3639","2376-3647"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05615489v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://u-picardie.hal.science/hal-05615489","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Computing Systems, 2026, ⟨10.1145/3812805⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3812805","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3812805","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210231956","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Computing Systems","issn_l":"2376-3639","issn":["2376-3639","2376-3647"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057248704","https://openalex.org/W2101254347","https://openalex.org/W2536325433","https://openalex.org/W2619655139","https://openalex.org/W2890967730","https://openalex.org/W2900842005","https://openalex.org/W2956944814","https://openalex.org/W2967312870","https://openalex.org/W3108722340","https://openalex.org/W3119105838","https://openalex.org/W3136352779","https://openalex.org/W3175344274","https://openalex.org/W3209914086","https://openalex.org/W4210278934","https://openalex.org/W4210486492","https://openalex.org/W4220925261","https://openalex.org/W4285411108","https://openalex.org/W4286470730","https://openalex.org/W4312736195","https://openalex.org/W4315630011","https://openalex.org/W4320009725","https://openalex.org/W4360604748","https://openalex.org/W4381161981","https://openalex.org/W4381795101","https://openalex.org/W4382236851","https://openalex.org/W4386211440","https://openalex.org/W4386631158","https://openalex.org/W4392693722","https://openalex.org/W4404180513","https://openalex.org/W4406679062"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0,177],"the":[1,29,35,45,54,85,102,117,125,129,136,141,148,160,171,192,200,203],"expansion":[2],"of":[3,7,28,41,67,87,104,109,120,143,162,195,206,211],"applications":[4],"and":[5,39,89,92,139,175],"areas":[6],"blockchains,":[8],"there":[9],"is":[10,26,70,112,133,150],"an":[11,79],"increasing":[12],"need":[13,36],"for":[14,37,62,208],"faster":[15],"transaction":[16],"validation":[17,31,193],"platforms.":[18],"The":[19,65,107,157],"Practical":[20],"Byzantine":[21],"Fault":[22],"Tolerance":[23],"(PBFT)":[24],"algorithm":[25],"one":[27],"best":[30],"processes":[32],"to":[33,71,83,93,124,154,169,191],"meet":[34],"velocity":[38],"security":[40],"successful":[42],"consensus.":[43],"Despite":[44],"implementations":[46],"in":[47,95,101,152],"several":[48],"platforms":[49],"such":[50],"as":[51],"Hyperledger":[52],"Fabric,":[53],"performance":[55,74],"does":[56],"not":[57],"reach":[58,183],"what":[59],"was":[60],"hoped":[61],"their":[63],"consensuses.":[64],"objective":[66],"this":[68,110],"article":[69],"present":[72],"a":[73,97],"evaluation":[75],"model":[76,111,132],"based":[77],"on":[78,166],"Open":[80],"Queuing":[81],"Network":[82],"study":[84],"limits":[86],"PBFT":[88,91,121],"pipelined":[90],"succeed":[94],"presenting":[96],"new":[98,209],"parallelization":[99],"approach":[100],"form":[103],"parallel":[105,167,179],"clusters.":[106],"advantage":[108,142],"that":[113,147],"it":[114],"closely":[115],"evaluates":[116],"different":[118],"stages":[119],"execution":[122],"according":[123],"load":[126],"submitted":[127],"by":[128],"clients.":[130,176],"This":[131,198],"validated":[134],"with":[135],"ns-3":[137],"simulator":[138,149],"has":[140],"quickly":[144],"reaching":[145],"evaluations":[146],"limited":[151],"time":[153],"have":[155],"them.":[156],"results":[158],"show":[159],"importance":[161],"having":[163],"consensus":[164],"executions":[165],"clusters":[168],"distribute":[170],"loads":[172],"between":[173],"nodes":[174],"cluster-based":[178],"PBFT,":[180],"we":[181],"can":[182],"even":[184],"twenty":[185],"thousand":[186],"transactions":[187],"per":[188],"second":[189],"close":[190],"values":[194],"Visa":[196],"transactions.":[197],"opens":[199],"horizons":[201],"towards":[202],"effective":[204],"use":[205],"blockchains":[207],"types":[210],"fast":[212],"applications.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-18T08:10:14.011955","created_date":"2026-05-05T00:00:00"}