{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7168416664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3805712.3809902","title":"Towards Emotional Intelligence in Conversational AI: How Well Can LLMs Recognise Emotion in Conversations?","display_name":"Towards Emotional Intelligence in Conversational AI: How Well Can LLMs Recognise Emotion in Conversations?","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7168416664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3805712.3809902"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3805712.3809902","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3805712.3809902","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 49th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3805712.3809902","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140888827","display_name":"Islam A. Hassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5720-4472"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Islam A. Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5720-4472","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140768124","display_name":"Yvette Graham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6741-4855"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yvette Graham","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6741-4855","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3776","last_page":"3780"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":null,"topics":[],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-intelligence","display_name":"Emotional intelligence","score":0.4542999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-recognition","display_name":"Emotion recognition","score":0.39640000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affect","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","score":0.31630000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-expression","display_name":"Emotional expression","score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-classification","display_name":"Emotion classification","score":0.28870001435279846}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6987000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5047000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174107131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191591","display_name":"Emotional intelligence","level":2,"score":0.4542999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777438025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339090","display_name":"Emotion recognition","level":2,"score":0.39640000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.35109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.31630000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143110190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5373787","display_name":"Emotional expression","level":2,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206310091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750859","display_name":"Emotion classification","level":2,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117409633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5373756","display_name":"Emotion work","level":2,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.2752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128534915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3475770","display_name":"Affective science","level":3,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182263","display_name":"Empathy","level":2,"score":0.2549000084400177}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3805712.3809902","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3805712.3809902","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 49th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3805712.3809902","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3805712.3809902","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 49th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2891359673","https://openalex.org/W2963873807","https://openalex.org/W3173751215","https://openalex.org/W4384662964","https://openalex.org/W4399528455","https://openalex.org/W4400734098","https://openalex.org/W4401863339","https://openalex.org/W4402683385","https://openalex.org/W4411120020","https://openalex.org/W4415433348","https://openalex.org/W7128596011","https://openalex.org/W7162300309"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"ability":[1],"to":[2,62,124,128,180],"express":[3],"contextually":[4],"appropriate":[5],"emotions":[6],"remains":[7],"a":[8,21,45,59,83,108,121,144,159],"defining":[9],"challenge":[10,16],"in":[11,48,100,208],"conversational":[12,114,154,166,182,193,206],"AI.":[13],"Meeting":[14],"this":[15,80,104],"requires":[17],"accurately":[18],"annotated":[19],"corpora,":[20],"need":[22],"that":[23,96,174,196],"inevitably":[24],"collides":[25],"with":[26,52],"practical":[27],"constraints.":[28],"Manual":[29],"annotation,":[30],"while":[31],"reliable,":[32],"is":[33],"often":[34],"prohibitively":[35],"expensive":[36],"and":[37,72,139,156],"time-consuming.":[38],"Consequently,":[39],"automatic":[40],"emotion":[41,115,151],"recognition":[42],"has":[43],"become":[44],"critical":[46,161],"component":[47],"the":[49,75,88,126,163,202,209],"fine-tuning":[50,138],"pipeline,":[51],"Large":[53],"Language":[54],"Models":[55],"(LLMs)":[56],"emerging":[57],"as":[58,120],"promising":[60],"alternative":[61],"human":[63,118,192],"annotators.":[64],"Despite":[65],"their":[66,184],"considerable":[67],"potential":[68],"for":[69,79,113,150],"generating":[70],"training":[71],"evaluation":[73,94,110,140],"data,":[74],"use":[76],"of":[77,90,111,147,165,186,205],"LLMs":[78,112,132,149,176,197],"purpose":[81],"introduces":[82],"subtle":[84],"but":[85],"significant":[86],"risk:":[87],"creation":[89],"circular,":[91],"potentially":[92],"biased":[93],"protocols":[95],"frequently":[97],"go":[98],"unacknowledged":[99],"empirical":[101],"reporting.":[102],"In":[103],"paper,":[105],"we":[106],"present":[107],"systematic":[109],"recognition,":[116],"using":[117],"annotation":[119],"gold":[122],"standard":[123],"quantify":[125],"degree":[127],"which":[129],"reliance":[130],"on":[131,168,201],"may":[133,198],"introduce":[134],"error":[135],"into":[136],"both":[137],"workflows.":[141],"We":[142],"conduct":[143],"comprehensive":[145],"assessment":[146],"multiple":[148],"labeling":[152],"across":[153],"contexts,":[155],"additionally":[157],"examine":[158],"second":[160],"factor:":[162],"impact":[164],"context":[167,188,207],"LLM":[169],"performance.":[170],"Our":[171],"results":[172],"indicate":[173],"although":[175],"benefit":[177],"from":[178,191],"access":[179],"prior":[181],"context,":[183],"utilization":[185],"such":[187],"differs":[189],"substantially":[190],"understanding,":[194],"suggesting":[195],"not":[199],"rely":[200],"temporal":[203],"ordering":[204],"same":[210],"way":[211],"humans":[212],"do.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-17T05:52:16.776730","created_date":"2026-07-16T00:00:00"}