{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127284454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3795521","title":"Retrieval-Augmented Purifier for Robust LLM-Empowered Recommendation","display_name":"Retrieval-Augmented Purifier for Robust LLM-Empowered Recommendation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127284454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3795521"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3795521","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3795521","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394735545","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Information Systems","issn_l":"1046-8188","issn":["1046-8188","1558-2868"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124941274","display_name":"Liangbo Ning","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liangbo Ning","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6903-8996","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Wenqi Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4049-1233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenqi Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4049-1233","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124890381","display_name":"Qing Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3370-471X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":25.9972,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98340818,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"42"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.3970000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.3970000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.22519999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.04479999840259552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recommender-system","display_name":"Recommender system","score":0.8366000056266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7692000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collaborative-filtering","display_name":"Collaborative filtering","score":0.633899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personalization","display_name":"Personalization","score":0.33340001106262207}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8461999893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557471498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554950","display_name":"Recommender system","level":2,"score":0.8366000056266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7692000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21569690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94702","display_name":"Collaborative filtering","level":3,"score":0.633899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.42590001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4196999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183003079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000371","display_name":"Personalization","level":2,"score":0.33340001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.32670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3093000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91262260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q528074","display_name":"End user","level":2,"score":0.25}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3795521","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3795521","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394735545","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Information Systems","issn_l":"1046-8188","issn":["1046-8188","1558-2868"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977290284","https://openalex.org/W2040367556","https://openalex.org/W2210543184","https://openalex.org/W2309693750","https://openalex.org/W2508504774","https://openalex.org/W2741544350","https://openalex.org/W2783666221","https://openalex.org/W2890884621","https://openalex.org/W2911038074","https://openalex.org/W2913023375","https://openalex.org/W2914721378","https://openalex.org/W2972774416","https://openalex.org/W3012562343","https://openalex.org/W3030120873","https://openalex.org/W3033630125","https://openalex.org/W3035298482","https://openalex.org/W3042856524","https://openalex.org/W3092408732","https://openalex.org/W3174318528","https://openalex.org/W3206310679","https://openalex.org/W4284688665","https://openalex.org/W4284704639","https://openalex.org/W4296591867","https://openalex.org/W4306317444","https://openalex.org/W4386729004","https://openalex.org/W4386729453","https://openalex.org/W4389105245","https://openalex.org/W4393153538","https://openalex.org/W4399353928","https://openalex.org/W4400525124","https://openalex.org/W4400528556","https://openalex.org/W4400606525","https://openalex.org/W4400909953","https://openalex.org/W4401857375","https://openalex.org/W4401864021","https://openalex.org/W4403221059","https://openalex.org/W4403560390","https://openalex.org/W4413318879"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"Large":[1],"Language":[2],"Model":[3],"(LLM)-empowered":[4],"recommender":[5,93],"systems":[6,94],"have":[7,23],"revolutionized":[8],"personalized":[9],"recommendation":[10,181],"frameworks":[11],"and":[12,123,176],"attracted":[13],"extensive":[14],"attention.":[15],"Despite":[16],"the":[17,35,55,60,66,71,89,119,125,145,162,167,195,198],"remarkable":[18],"success,":[19],"existing":[20],"LLM-empowered":[21,92,128],"RecSys":[22,129],"been":[24],"demonstrated":[25],"to":[26,30,45,53,70,73,87,117,140,165,183],"be":[27],"highly":[28],"vulnerable":[29],"minor":[31],"perturbations.":[32],"To":[33],"mitigate":[34],"negative":[36],"impact":[37],"of":[38,78,91,127,197],"such":[39],"vulnerabilities,":[40],"one":[41],"potential":[42,142],"solution":[43],"is":[44,138],"employ":[46],"collaborative":[47,57,98,115,154,163],"signals":[48,116],"based":[49],"on":[50,190],"item\u2013item":[51],"co-occurrence":[52],"purify":[54,118],"malicious":[56],"knowledge":[58,77,152,164],"from":[59,153],"user\u2019s":[61],"irrelevant":[62],"historical":[63,147],"interactions.":[64],"On":[65],"other":[67],"hand,":[68],"due":[69],"capabilities":[72],"expand":[74],"insufficient":[75],"internal":[76],"LLMs,":[79],"Retrieval-Augmented":[80],"Generation":[81],"(RAG)":[82],"techniques":[83],"provide":[84],"unprecedented":[85],"opportunities":[86],"enhance":[88,124],"robustness":[90,126],"by":[95,112,149,169],"introducing":[96],"external":[97,114,151],"knowledge.":[99],"Therefore,":[100],"in":[101,130],"this":[102],"article,":[103],"we":[104,159],"propose":[105],"a":[106,131,178],"novel":[107],"framework":[108],"(":[109],"RETURN":[110],")":[111],"retrieving":[113,150],"poisoned":[120],"user":[121],"profiles":[122],"plug-and-play":[132],"manner.":[133],"Specifically,":[134],"retrieval-augmented":[135],"perturbation":[136],"positioning":[137],"proposed":[139,199],"identify":[141],"perturbations":[143,168],"within":[144],"users\u2019":[146],"sequences":[148],"item":[155],"graphs.":[156],"After":[157],"that,":[158],"further":[160],"retrieve":[161],"cleanse":[166],"using":[170],"either":[171],"deletion":[172],"or":[173],"replacement":[174],"strategies":[175],"introduce":[177],"robust":[179,186],"ensemble":[180],"strategy":[182],"generate":[184],"final":[185],"predictions.":[187],"Extensive":[188],"experiments":[189],"three":[191],"real-world":[192],"datasets":[193],"demonstrate":[194],"effectiveness":[196],"RETURN.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2026-02-04T00:00:00"}