{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162207014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3795513.3807441","title":"Examining Gender and Racial Bias in Vision-language Models within Colonial Contexts","display_name":"Examining Gender and Racial Bias in Vision-language Models within Colonial Contexts","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162207014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3795513.3807441"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3795513.3807441","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3795513.3807441","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Companion Publication of the 2026 18th ACM Web Science Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3795513.3807441","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037893976","display_name":"Sushil Awale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-0134"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802635041","display_name":"Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB)","ror":"https://ror.org/04aj4c181","country_code":"DE","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802635041","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sushil Awale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marburg University, Marburg, Germany and TIB - Leibniz Information Centre for Science and Technology, Hannover, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-0134","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marburg University, Marburg, Germany and TIB - Leibniz Information Centre for Science and Technology, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802635041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136851772","display_name":"Omkar Gavali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4735-6469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161103922","display_name":"Philipps University of Marburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01rdrb571","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omkar Gavali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marburg University, Marburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4735-6469","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marburg University, Marburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136840001","display_name":"Ratan Sebastian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8034-3382"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802635041","display_name":"Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB)","ror":"https://ror.org/04aj4c181","country_code":"DE","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802635041","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136150","display_name":"L3S Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/039t4wk02","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103","https://openalex.org/I4210136150","https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ratan Sebastian","raw_affiliation_strings":["TIB - Leibniz Information Centre for Science and Technology, Hannover, Germany and L3S Research Center, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8034-3382","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TIB - Leibniz Information Centre for Science and Technology, Hannover, Germany and L3S Research Center, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802635041","https://openalex.org/I4210136150","https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136842110","display_name":"Christoph Rippe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3209-2504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114090438","display_name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","ror":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114090438"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Rippe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Goethe University Frankfurt, University Library, Frankfurt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3209-2504","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Goethe University Frankfurt, University Library, Frankfurt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114090438"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079937640","display_name":"Anett Hoppe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1452-9509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161103922","display_name":"Philipps University of Marburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01rdrb571","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anett Hoppe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marburg University &amp; Hessian Center for Artificial Intelligence (hessian.AI), Marburg/Darmstadt, Germany and TIB - Leibniz Information Centre for Science and Technology, Hannover, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1452-9509","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marburg University &amp; Hessian Center for Artificial Intelligence (hessian.AI), Marburg/Darmstadt, Germany and TIB - Leibniz Information Centre for Science and Technology, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136847244","display_name":"Thomas Risse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6248-1709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114090438","display_name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","ror":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114090438"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Risse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Goethe University Frankfurt, University Library, Frankfurt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6248-1709","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Goethe University Frankfurt, University Library, Frankfurt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114090438"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136823335","display_name":"Ralph Ewerth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0918-6297"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161103922","display_name":"Philipps University of Marburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01rdrb571","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ralph Ewerth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marburg University &amp; Hessian Center for Artificial Intelligence (hessian.AI), Marburg/Darmstadt, Germany and TIB - Leibniz Information Centre for Science and Technology, Hannover, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0918-6297","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marburg University &amp; Hessian Center for Artificial Intelligence (hessian.AI), Marburg/Darmstadt, Germany and TIB - Leibniz Information Centre for Science and Technology, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"70","last_page":"74"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.4684000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.4684000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.04600000008940697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.04149999842047691,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debiasing","display_name":"Debiasing","score":0.9556000232696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colonialism","display_name":"Colonialism","score":0.4472000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-bias","display_name":"Gender bias","score":0.4438000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-bias","display_name":"Racial bias","score":0.3763999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-bias","display_name":"Cultural bias","score":0.3578999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.3255000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779458634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24963715","display_name":"Debiasing","level":2,"score":0.9556000232696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C531593650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7167","display_name":"Colonialism","level":2,"score":0.4472000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983427547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93200","display_name":"Gender bias","level":2,"score":0.4438000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992700788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8461","display_name":"Racial bias","level":3,"score":0.3763999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.359499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37773902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970594","display_name":"Cultural bias","level":2,"score":0.3578999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.3255000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.32190001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139838865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8461","display_name":"Racism","level":2,"score":0.314300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2969000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.2939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26420000195503235}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3795513.3807441","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3795513.3807441","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Companion Publication of the 2026 18th ACM Web Science Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3795513.3807441","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3795513.3807441","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Companion Publication of the 2026 18th ACM Web Science Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.6026757955551147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2071731678","https://openalex.org/W2787991113","https://openalex.org/W2792007612","https://openalex.org/W2909677418","https://openalex.org/W3012903288","https://openalex.org/W3120485916","https://openalex.org/W3213556453","https://openalex.org/W4205375964","https://openalex.org/W4283155548","https://openalex.org/W4388539761","https://openalex.org/W4390873440","https://openalex.org/W4400324519","https://openalex.org/W4404518147","https://openalex.org/W4404783412"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vision-language":[0],"models":[1,15,132,142],"(VLMs)":[2],"are":[3,16],"increasingly":[4],"used":[5],"for":[6,55,70,87,145,167],"image":[7],"retrieval":[8,104,113],"in":[9,46,74,100,122,177],"cultural":[10],"heritage":[11],"collections.":[12],"Yet":[13],"these":[14],"trained":[17,144],"and":[18,43,92,154,171],"evaluated":[19],"on":[20,76,126,151],"modern":[21],"web-scraped":[22],"data":[23],"which":[24],"might":[25],"cause":[26],"unobserved":[27],"biases":[28,39,120],"when":[29],"applied":[30],"to":[31,41,148],"historical":[32,56,127,152],"imagery.":[33],"While":[34],"prior":[35],"work":[36],"has":[37],"documented":[38,121],"related":[40],"gender":[42,91,119],"skin":[44,160],"tone":[45],"VLMs":[47,75,102,176],"using":[48,110],"contemporary":[49,123],"datasets,":[50],"no":[51],"evaluation":[52],"datasets":[53,124],"exist":[54],"archives.":[57],"In":[58],"this":[59,63,95],"paper,":[60],"we":[61,97],"address":[62],"gap":[64],"by":[65],"introducing":[66],"a":[67],"new":[68,157],"dataset":[69,83],"evaluating":[71],"demographic":[72,88,135],"bias":[73,99,150],"photograph":[77],"collections":[78],"from":[79],"colonial":[80],"contexts.":[81],"Our":[82],"comprises":[84],"annotated":[85],"photographs":[86],"queries":[89],"spanning":[90],"race.":[93],"Using":[94],"dataset,":[96],"examine":[98],"multiple":[101],"through":[103],"performance":[105],"across":[106,159],"queries,":[107],"measuring":[108],"disparities":[109,158],"established":[111],"information":[112],"metrics.":[114],"Experimental":[115],"results":[116],"show":[117],"that":[118],"persist":[125],"imagery,":[128],"with":[129],"all":[130],"tested":[131],"retrieving":[133],"certain":[134],"groups":[136],"substantially":[137],"better":[138],"than":[139],"others.":[140],"Notably,":[141],"specifically":[143],"debiasing":[146,169],"fail":[147],"mitigate":[149],"images":[153],"can":[155],"introduce":[156],"tones.":[161],"These":[162],"findings":[163],"underscore":[164],"the":[165],"need":[166],"domain-specific":[168],"approaches":[170],"caution":[172],"against":[173],"deploying":[174],"off-the-shelf":[175],"archival":[178],"contexts":[179],"without":[180],"proper":[181],"evaluation.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2026-05-24T00:00:00"}
