{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7171644095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3794763.3794792","title":"Understanding Type Hints in Python Libraries and Frameworks: Early Insights","display_name":"Understanding Type Hints in Python Libraries and Frameworks: Early Insights","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7171644095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3794763.3794792"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3794763.3794792","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3794763.3794792","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2026 34th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Program Comprehension","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3794763.3794792","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143887803","display_name":"Thiago Roberto Magalh\u00e3es","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4024-4217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thiago Roberto Magalh\u00e3es","raw_affiliation_strings":["DCC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4024-4217","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DCC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059783839","display_name":"Jo\u00e3o Eduardo Montandon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3371-7353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo\u00e3o Eduardo Montandon","raw_affiliation_strings":["DCC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3371-7353","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DCC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"443","last_page":"447"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":null,"topics":[],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/python","display_name":"Python (programming language)","score":0.5174999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-inference","display_name":"Type inference","score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type","display_name":"Type (biology)","score":0.2793000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.2736999988555908}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6797000169754028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5806999802589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519991488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28865","display_name":"Python (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5174999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198370458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586459","display_name":"Type inference","level":3,"score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777299769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3707858","display_name":"Type (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2793000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.2736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.24330000579357147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.241799995303154}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3794763.3794792","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3794763.3794792","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2026 34th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Program Comprehension","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3794763.3794792","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3794763.3794792","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2026 34th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Program Comprehension","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2063989349","https://openalex.org/W2086141560","https://openalex.org/W2440056063","https://openalex.org/W2500279295","https://openalex.org/W2617588282","https://openalex.org/W2921250636","https://openalex.org/W3125702975","https://openalex.org/W3163780238","https://openalex.org/W3173453854","https://openalex.org/W3204578495","https://openalex.org/W4205712307","https://openalex.org/W4302030570","https://openalex.org/W4308643048","https://openalex.org/W4312271469","https://openalex.org/W4313133034","https://openalex.org/W4376606655","https://openalex.org/W4392645437","https://openalex.org/W4400582773","https://openalex.org/W4401353817","https://openalex.org/W4405602474"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"Python,":[1],"type":[2,13,32,55,60,72,123],"hints":[3,33,61,73,124],"allow":[4],"developers":[5],"to":[6,130],"annotate":[7],"variables":[8],"and":[9,18,29,37,52,57,104,108,135],"functions":[10],"with":[11,92,96],"explicit":[12],"information,":[14],"improving":[15],"code":[16],"clarity":[17],"reliability.":[19],"This":[20],"paper":[21],"presents":[22],"an":[23],"initial":[24],"study":[25],"on":[26],"the":[27,120],"adoption":[28,78],"usage":[30],"of":[31,69,84,89,122],"in":[34,64,125],"Python":[35],"libraries":[36,51,70,95],"frameworks.":[38],"By":[39],"analyzing":[40],"1,000":[41],"popular":[42],"GitHub":[43],"repositories,":[44],"we":[45],"address":[46],"two":[47],"questions:":[48],"(a)":[49],"whether":[50],"frameworks":[53],"adopt":[54],"hints,":[56],"(b)":[58],"how":[59],"are":[62],"used":[63],"these":[65],"components.":[66],"While":[67],"91%":[68],"use":[71],"at":[74],"least":[75],"once,":[76],"this":[77],"is":[79],"not":[80],"consistent,":[81],"as":[82],"half":[83],"them":[85],"cover":[86],"only":[87],"13.6%":[88],"their":[90],"members":[91],"types.":[93],"Considering":[94],"systematic":[97],"usage,":[98],"maintainers":[99],"prioritize":[100],"annotating":[101],"function":[102],"parameters":[103],"return":[105],"types":[106,115],"(45.8%":[107],"35.9%":[109],"median":[110],"coverage),":[111],"mainly":[112],"using":[113],"built-in":[114],"(73.0%).":[116],"These":[117],"findings":[118],"highlight":[119],"role":[121],"APIs":[126],"maintenance":[127],"while":[128],"pointing":[129],"opportunities":[131],"for":[132],"improved":[133],"tooling":[134],"automation.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2026-07-30T00:00:00"}
