{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7150833589","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3793853.3799805","title":"JNTD-DS: A Benchmark Dataset for Just Noticeable frame rate-based Temporal Difference in Perceptual Video Coding","display_name":"JNTD-DS: A Benchmark Dataset for Just Noticeable frame rate-based Temporal Difference in Perceptual Video Coding","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7150833589","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3793853.3799805"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3793853.3799805","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3793853.3799805","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Multimedia Systems Conference 2026","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3793853.3799805","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072482381","display_name":"Sanaz Nami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4826-1168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sanaz Nami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4826-1168","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023878386","display_name":"Farhad Pakdaman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6526-3811"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farhad Pakdaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6526-3811","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133030237","display_name":"Sahab Taali","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","display_name":"University of Leicester","ror":"https://ror.org/04h699437","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803074804","display_name":"Leicester City Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02jh4h461","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803074804"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sahab Taali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent Researcher Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0822-6645","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent Researcher Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349","https://openalex.org/I2803074804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036640771","display_name":"Mahmoud Reza Hashemi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-9195"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23946033","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmoud Reza Hashemi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-9195","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133031830","display_name":"Shervin Shirmohammadi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shervin Shirmohammadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3973-4445","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133027042","display_name":"Moncef Gabbouj","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moncef Gabbouj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9788-2323","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072482381"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75798947,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"395","last_page":"401"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9684000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9684000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.016499999910593033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.0066999997943639755,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-visual-system-model","display_name":"Human visual system model","score":0.5281999707221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-quality","display_name":"Video quality","score":0.5218999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5141000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-opinion-score","display_name":"Mean opinion score","score":0.5005999803543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.47110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.4602999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.4311000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/just-noticeable-difference","display_name":"Just-noticeable difference","score":0.41449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-rate","display_name":"Frame rate","score":0.4117000102996826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7537999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6341999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160086991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5939193","display_name":"Human visual system model","level":3,"score":0.5281999707221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103910844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2631256","display_name":"Video quality","level":3,"score":0.5218999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5167999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5141000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62897895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1915482","display_name":"Mean opinion score","level":3,"score":0.5005999803543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.47110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.4602999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4311000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59111918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1224386","display_name":"Just-noticeable difference","level":2,"score":0.41449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.4117000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65483669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3536669","display_name":"Video processing","level":2,"score":0.4027999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.3991999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.3889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172849965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3148875","display_name":"Reference frame","level":3,"score":0.3880999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106030495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1797012","display_name":"Video compression picture types","level":4,"score":0.3822999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779918689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771842","display_name":"Stimulus (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33070001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178253425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162668","display_name":"Visual perception","level":3,"score":0.3228999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3041999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987812609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194158","display_name":"Bit rate","level":2,"score":0.27320000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39394851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q921594","display_name":"Inter frame","level":4,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778061373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1315146","display_name":"Predictive coding","level":3,"score":0.2565999925136566}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3793853.3799805","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3793853.3799805","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Multimedia Systems Conference 2026","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3793853.3799805","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3793853.3799805","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Multimedia Systems Conference 2026","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2048042940","https://openalex.org/W2056972503","https://openalex.org/W2141109916","https://openalex.org/W2189027750","https://openalex.org/W2399034058","https://openalex.org/W2900994596","https://openalex.org/W3031546776","https://openalex.org/W4226173907","https://openalex.org/W4390587215","https://openalex.org/W4394862861","https://openalex.org/W4402915812"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,115,254],"Just":[1,108],"Noticeable":[2,109],"Difference":[3,113],"(JND)":[4],"is":[5,98,256],"defined":[6,171],"as":[7,52],"the":[8,19,64,93,99,107,125,142,161,173,193,221],"maximum":[9,65],"change":[10],"in":[11,208],"a":[12,229,237,250],"visual":[13,28,216],"stimulus":[14],"(image":[15],"or":[16,56],"video)":[17],"which":[18,69,168],"Human":[20],"Visual":[21],"System":[22],"(HVS)":[23],"can":[24],"tolerate":[25],"without":[26,214],"perceiving":[27],"distortion.":[29],"Previous":[30],"JND":[31],"research":[32],"has":[33],"largely":[34,74],"focused":[35],"on":[36,49],"spatial":[37,46],"distortions,":[38],"yielding":[39],"several":[40],"datasets":[41],"and":[42,124,178,211,233],"models":[43],"that":[44,165],"predict":[45],"thresholds":[47],"based":[48],"parameters":[50],"such":[51],"Quantization":[53],"Parameter":[54],"(QP)":[55],"Quality":[57],"Factor":[58],"(QF).":[59],"However,":[60],"temporal":[61],"thresholds,":[62,167],"specifically":[63,103],"frame":[66,110,144,190,197],"rate":[67,145,191,198],"reductions":[68],"viewers":[70],"cannot":[71],"detect,":[72],"remain":[73],"unexplored,":[75],"despite":[76],"their":[77,148],"critical":[78,184],"importance":[79],"for":[80,200],"efficient":[81,206],"video":[82,119,133,202,209,238],"coding.":[83],"To":[84],"address":[85],"this":[86],"gap,":[87],"we":[88],"introduce":[89],"JNTD-DS,":[90],"which,":[91],"to":[92,105,189],"best":[94],"of":[95,224,246],"our":[96],"knowledge,":[97],"first":[100],"benchmark":[101],"dataset":[102,116,194],"designed":[104],"measure":[106],"rate-based":[111],"Temporal":[112],"(JNTD).":[114],"comprises":[117],"50":[118],"scenes":[120,134],"covering":[121],"various":[122],"content,":[123],"JNTD":[126,166,230],"level":[127],"associated":[128],"with":[129,147,248],"them.":[130],"T":[131],"e":[132],"are":[135,169,175],"studied":[136],"through":[137],"extensive":[138],"subjective":[139],"tests,":[140],"comparing":[141],"high":[143],"videos":[146],"temporally":[149],"downsampled":[150],"versions.":[151],"This":[152],"forms":[153],"1196":[154],"opinion":[155],"scores":[156],"from":[157],"78":[158],"subjects.":[159],"Analyzing":[160],"collected":[162],"data":[163],"confirms":[164],"fundamentally":[170],"by":[172,227],"HVS,":[174],"inherently":[176],"complex":[177],"vary":[179],"across":[180],"content.":[181],"By":[182],"providing":[183],"insights":[185,226],"into":[186,236],"HVS":[187],"sensitivity":[188],"changes,":[192],"enables":[195],"content-adaptive":[196],"optimization":[199],"perceptual":[201],"coding,":[203],"allowing":[204],"more":[205],"compression":[207,239],"streaming":[210],"bandwidth-limited":[212],"applications":[213],"compromising":[215],"quality.":[217],"We":[218],"further":[219],"demonstrate":[220],"practical":[222],"impact":[223],"these":[225],"developing":[228],"prediction":[231],"model":[232],"integrating":[234],"it":[235],"pipeline,":[240],"achieving":[241],"an":[242],"average":[243],"bitrate":[244],"reduction":[245],"13.62%":[247],"only":[249],"marginal":[251],"quality":[252],"loss.":[253],"JNTD-DS":[255],"publicly":[257],"available":[258],"at":[259],"https://github.com/sanaznami/JNTD-DS.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-07T06:06:30.997549","created_date":"2026-04-07T00:00:00"}