{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7125503368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3788679","title":"Sakshm AI: Advancing AI-Assisted Coding Education for Engineering Students in India Through Socratic Tutoring and Comprehensive Feedback","display_name":"Sakshm AI: Advancing AI-Assisted Coding Education for Engineering Students in India Through Socratic Tutoring and Comprehensive Feedback","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7125503368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3788679"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3788679","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3788679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387291547","display_name":"ACM Journal on Computing and Sustainable Societies","issn_l":"2834-5533","issn":["2834-5533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Journal on Computing and Sustainable Societies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121410842","display_name":"Harshita Goyal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harshita Goyal","raw_affiliation_strings":["BITS Pilani"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BITS Pilani","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123714227","display_name":"Raj Gupta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119939252","display_name":"Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/03vfp4g33","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raj Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["IIIT-Delhi"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2819-9090","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IIIT-Delhi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119939252","https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123684383","display_name":"Sanchit Sharma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119939252","display_name":"Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/03vfp4g33","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanchit Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["IIIT-Delhi"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IIIT-Delhi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119939252","https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047135592","display_name":"K. C. Mittal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124949","display_name":"Microsoft Research (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/02w7f3w92","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210124949"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kashish Mittal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124949"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108752262","display_name":"Apurv A. Mehra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119939252","display_name":"Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/03vfp4g33","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Apurv Mehra","raw_affiliation_strings":["IIIT-Delhi"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IIIT-Delhi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119939252","https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jagat Challa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jagat Challa","raw_affiliation_strings":["BITS Pilani"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BITS Pilani","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064254710","display_name":"Mr. Dhruv Kumar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119939252","display_name":"Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/03vfp4g33","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dhruv Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["BITS Pilani","IIITD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BITS Pilani","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IIITD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119939252"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":27.4986,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9926509,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"38"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.35120001435279846,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.35120001435279846,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.08030000329017639,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.07989999651908875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socratic-method","display_name":"Socratic method","score":0.7247999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.6628999710083008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thematic-analysis","display_name":"Thematic analysis","score":0.5376999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.390500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.37209999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socratic-questioning","display_name":"Socratic questioning","score":0.3582000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-research","display_name":"Qualitative research","score":0.31459999084472656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2801541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839475","display_name":"Socratic method","level":2,"score":0.7247999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.6628999710083008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6280999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.5376999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.390500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.37209999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174594037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4926165","display_name":"Socratic questioning","level":3,"score":0.3582000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.33719998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3361000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.31459999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88610354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494","display_name":"Teaching method","level":2,"score":0.3102000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.29670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.29170000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183003079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000371","display_name":"Personalization","level":2,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.28200000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100521375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015382","display_name":"Competence (human resources)","level":2,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.2648000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.2581000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125014702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680749","display_name":"Adaptive learning","level":2,"score":0.2524999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3788679","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3788679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387291547","display_name":"ACM Journal on Computing and Sustainable Societies","issn_l":"2834-5533","issn":["2834-5533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Journal on Computing and Sustainable Societies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7455926537513733,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7319106332","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"C2/24/317","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323889","funder_display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323889","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2042753631","https://openalex.org/W2809937503","https://openalex.org/W3093891276","https://openalex.org/W3108263339","https://openalex.org/W3121723636","https://openalex.org/W3154477588","https://openalex.org/W3167772938","https://openalex.org/W4296785191","https://openalex.org/W4323033785","https://openalex.org/W4361204578","https://openalex.org/W4382515993","https://openalex.org/W4382652843","https://openalex.org/W4382654294","https://openalex.org/W4385632485","https://openalex.org/W4388817079","https://openalex.org/W4390490886","https://openalex.org/W4390723974","https://openalex.org/W4391584331","https://openalex.org/W4392546030","https://openalex.org/W4392563703","https://openalex.org/W4394947904","https://openalex.org/W4396833177","https://openalex.org/W4399667811","https://openalex.org/W4403332709","https://openalex.org/W4403564662","https://openalex.org/W4404600291","https://openalex.org/W4404910364","https://openalex.org/W4406619802","https://openalex.org/W4407770947","https://openalex.org/W4412993375"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"advent":[1],"of":[2,36,215],"Large":[3],"Language":[4],"Models":[5],"(LLMs)":[6],"is":[7,213],"reshaping":[8],"education,":[9,171],"particularly":[10],"in":[11],"programming,":[12],"by":[13],"enhancing":[14],"problem-solving,":[15],"enabling":[16],"personalized":[17],"feedback,":[18,47,89],"and":[19,48,70,90,97,112,128,151,165,201,227],"supporting":[20,98],"adaptive":[21,46,91],"learning.":[22],"Existing":[23],"AI":[24,82,186],"tools":[25],"for":[26,51,66,156,175,205],"programming":[27,222],"education":[28,223],"struggle":[29],"with":[30,124],"key":[31,154],"challenges,":[32,57],"including":[33],"the":[34,49,216],"lack":[35],"Socratic":[37,76,146],"guidance,":[38],"direct":[39],"code":[40],"generation,":[41],"limited":[42],"context":[43],"retention,":[44],"minimal":[45],"need":[50],"prompt":[52],"engineering.":[53],"To":[54],"address":[55],"these":[56],"we":[58],"introduce":[59],"Sakshm":[60,117,185],"AI,":[61],"an":[62,199],"intelligent":[63,177],"tutoring":[64,178],"system":[65],"learners":[67],"across":[68,224],"undergraduate":[69,206],"advanced":[71],"secondary":[72],"learners.":[73],"It":[74],"fosters":[75],"learning":[77,182,203],"through":[78],"Disha,":[79],"its":[80],"inbuilt":[81],"chatbot,":[83],"which":[84],"provides":[85],"context-aware":[86],"hints,":[87],"structured":[88,122,202],"guidance":[92,147],"while":[93],"maintaining":[94],"conversational":[95],"memory":[96],"language":[99],"flexibility.":[100],"This":[101,161,212],"study":[102],"examines":[103],"1,170":[104],"registered":[105],"participants,":[106],"analyzing":[107],"platform":[108],"logs,":[109],"engagement":[110],"trends,":[111],"problem-solving":[113,149],"behavior":[114],"to":[115,137,168],"assess":[116],"AI\u2019s":[118],"impact.":[119],"Additionally,":[120],"a":[121,173,188],"survey":[123],"45":[125],"active":[126],"users":[127],"25":[129],"in-depth":[130],"interviews":[131],"was":[132],"conducted,":[133],"using":[134],"thematic":[135],"encoding":[136],"extract":[138],"qualitative":[139,166],"insights.":[140],"Our":[141],"findings":[142],"reveal":[143],"how":[144],"AI-driven":[145],"influences":[148],"behaviors":[150],"engagement,":[152],"offering":[153],"recommendations":[155],"optimizing":[157],"AI-based":[158],"coding":[159],"platforms.":[160],"research":[162],"combines":[163],"quantitative":[164],"insights":[167],"inform":[169],"AI-assisted":[170,221],"providing":[172,198],"framework":[174],"scalable,":[176],"systems":[179],"that":[180],"improve":[181],"outcomes.":[183],"Furthermore,":[184],"represents":[187],"significant":[189],"step":[190],"toward":[191],"Sustainable":[192],"Development":[193],"Goal":[194],"4:":[195],"Quality":[196],"Education,":[197],"accessible":[200],"tool":[204],"students,":[207],"even":[208],"without":[209],"expert":[210],"guidance.":[211],"one":[214],"first":[217],"large-scale":[218],"studies":[219],"examining":[220],"multiple":[225],"institutions":[226],"demographics.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2026-01-24T00:00:00"}
