{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7139024483","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3788149.3788171","title":"CORTEX: A Capability-Driven Reasoning Framework for Zero-Shot Large Language Model Selection","display_name":"CORTEX: A Capability-Driven Reasoning Framework for Zero-Shot Large Language Model Selection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7139024483","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3788149.3788171"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3788149.3788171","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3788149.3788171","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2025 9th International Conference on Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3788149.3788171","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104669156","display_name":"Kaikai Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6507939","display_name":"China United Network Communications Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/028w99c90","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kaikai Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unicom Data Intelligence, China Unicom, Beijing, China and Data Science &amp; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China Unicom, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8048-5145","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unicom Data Intelligence, China Unicom, Beijing, China and Data Science &amp; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China Unicom, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130121758","display_name":"Zhaoxiang Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6507939","display_name":"China United Network Communications Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/028w99c90","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoxiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unicom Data Intelligence, China Unicom, Beijing, China and Data Science &amp; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China Unicom, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1267-0277","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unicom Data Intelligence, China Unicom, Beijing, China and Data Science &amp; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China Unicom, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zipeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9720-7156"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6507939","display_name":"China United Network Communications Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/028w99c90","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zipeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unicom Data Intelligence, China Unicom, Beijing, China and Data Science &amp; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China Unicom, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9720-7156","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unicom Data Intelligence, China Unicom, Beijing, China and Data Science &amp; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China Unicom, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129916260","display_name":"Xin Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6507939","display_name":"China United Network Communications Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/028w99c90","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unicom Data Intelligence, China Unicom, Beijing, China and Data Science &amp; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China Unicom, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1944-1530","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unicom Data Intelligence, China Unicom, Beijing, China and Data Science &amp; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China Unicom, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129820472","display_name":"Heng Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8078-3401","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130097935","display_name":"Ning Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6507939","display_name":"China United Network Communications Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/028w99c90","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unicom Data Intelligence, China Unicom, Beijing, China and Data Science &amp; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China Unicom, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3755-1150","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unicom Data Intelligence, China Unicom, Beijing, China and Data Science &amp; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China Unicom, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129764866","display_name":"Kai Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6507939","display_name":"China United Network Communications Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/028w99c90","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unicom Data Intelligence, China Unicom, Beijing, China and Data Science &amp; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China Unicom, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1171-0281","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unicom Data Intelligence, China Unicom, Beijing, China and Data Science &amp; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China Unicom, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066958531","display_name":"Shiguo Lian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-7049"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6507939","display_name":"China United Network Communications Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/028w99c90","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiguo Lian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unicom Data Intelligence, China Unicom, Beijing, China and Data Science &amp; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China Unicom, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-7049","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unicom Data Intelligence, China Unicom, Beijing, China and Data Science &amp; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China Unicom, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5104669156"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85792143,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"649","last_page":"654"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.32420000433921814,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.32420000433921814,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.1680999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.06109999865293503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.512499988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.40149998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-reasoning","display_name":"Automated reasoning","score":0.34279999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-selection","display_name":"Model selection","score":0.3163999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.314300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-based-reasoning","display_name":"Model-based reasoning","score":0.28439998626708984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6462000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5523999929428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.512499988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.44290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.40149998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195344581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2555318","display_name":"Automated reasoning","level":2,"score":0.34279999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93959086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888345","display_name":"Model selection","level":2,"score":0.3163999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.314300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37335422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888134","display_name":"Model-based reasoning","level":3,"score":0.28439998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159032336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2488768","display_name":"Non-monotonic logic","level":2,"score":0.26330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.26019999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13606891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623243","display_name":"Conceptual model","level":2,"score":0.25519999861717224}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3788149.3788171","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3788149.3788171","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2025 9th International Conference on Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3788149.3788171","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3788149.3788171","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2025 9th International Conference on Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312257891","https://openalex.org/W4400193466","https://openalex.org/W4407601416","https://openalex.org/W4407601486","https://openalex.org/W4407601674","https://openalex.org/W4413278429","https://openalex.org/W4414242858","https://openalex.org/W6929518020","https://openalex.org/W7133222210"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,107,130],"proliferation":[1],"of":[2,56,72,75,85,116,136,186,204],"large":[3],"language":[4,54,114],"models":[5,138],"(LLMs)":[6],"makes":[7],"real-world":[8,40],"model":[9,37,48,76,125,171,183],"selection":[10,38,184,206],"nontrivial":[11],"due":[12],"to":[13,111,154,199],"intertwined":[14],"trade-offs":[15],"among":[16],"capability,":[17],"cost,":[18,163],"latency,":[19],"and":[20,32,81,100,127,164,196,207],"hardware":[21],"constraints.":[22],"To":[23],"address":[24],"this":[25],"issue,":[26],"we":[27],"propose":[28],"CORTEX,":[29],"a":[30,51,66,90,95,101,121,134,182,194,214],"scalable":[31,197],"automatic":[33],"framework":[34],"designed":[35],"for":[36],"in":[39],"applications.":[41],"It":[42,88],"intelligently":[43],"recommends":[44],"the":[45,82,117,145,150,157,169,200],"most":[46],"suitable":[47],"based":[49,143,159],"on":[50,144,160],"user\u2019s":[52],"natural":[53,113],"description":[55,115],"their":[57],"application":[58,79,118],"requirements,":[59],"accompanied":[60],"by":[61],"reasonable":[62],"explanations.":[63],"CORTEX":[64,180,209],"is":[65,210],"multi-agent":[67],"system":[68],"that":[69,139,179],"integrates":[70],"knowledge":[71,96],"15":[73],"types":[74],"capabilities,":[77],"105":[78],"scenarios,":[80],"capability":[83,146],"boundaries":[84,147],"mainstream":[86],"models.":[87],"includes":[89],"task":[91],"decomposition":[92],"agent":[93,98,105],"(TDA),":[94],"retrieval":[97],"(KRA),":[99],"reasoning":[102],"&":[103],"ranking":[104],"(RRA).":[106],"TDA":[108],"utilizes":[109,152],"DeepSeek-R1":[110,153],"convert":[112],"requirements":[119,142],"into":[120],"structured":[122],"representation":[123],"incorporating":[124],"capabilities":[126],"scenario":[128],"knowledge.":[129,148],"KRA":[131],"then":[132],"retrieves":[133],"list":[135],"candidate":[137],"satisfy":[140],"these":[141],"Finally,":[149],"RRA":[151],"comprehensively":[155],"evaluate":[156],"candidates":[158],"performance,":[161],"efficiency,":[162],"user":[165],"constraints,":[166],"ultimately":[167],"recommending":[168],"best":[170],"with":[172],"highly":[173],"interpretable":[174],"reasoning.":[175],"Comparative":[176],"Experiments":[177],"demonstrate":[178],"achieves":[181],"accuracy":[185],"92.3%,":[187],"significantly":[188],"outperforming":[189],"several":[190],"comparison":[191],"methods.":[192],"As":[193],"practical":[195],"solution":[198],"critical":[201],"\"last-mile\"":[202],"problem":[203],"LLM":[205],"deployment,":[208],"publicly":[211],"accessible":[212],"as":[213],"live":[215],"service.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-21T06:30:42.041108","created_date":"2026-03-20T00:00:00"}
