{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7131123646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3788085","title":"A Fine-Grained and Efficient Reliability Analysis Framework for Noisy Quantum Circuits","display_name":"A Fine-Grained and Efficient Reliability Analysis Framework for Noisy Quantum Circuits","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7131123646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3788085"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3788085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3788085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193547","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","issn_l":"2476-1249","issn":["2476-1249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3788085","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126624897","display_name":"Jindi Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118353179","display_name":"DePaul University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xtx5t16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jindi Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0489-0616","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118353179"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072993455","display_name":"Tianjie Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6195-0050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16285277","display_name":"William & Mary","ror":"https://ror.org/03hsf0573","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianjie Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6195-0050","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126582882","display_name":"Qun Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16285277","display_name":"William & Mary","ror":"https://ror.org/03hsf0573","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2231-6615","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.0493,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97289324,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"23"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9763000011444092,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9763000011444092,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.00430000014603138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fidelity","display_name":"Fidelity","score":0.5891000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-circuit","display_name":"Quantum circuit","score":0.5712000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.5248000025749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.46389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universality","display_name":"Universality (dynamical systems)","score":0.43140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.4092000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circuit-reliability","display_name":"Circuit reliability","score":0.40139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.3903000056743622}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6467000246047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.5891000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124148022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122210","display_name":"Quantum circuit","level":5,"score":0.5712000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.5248000025749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.48919999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.46389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183992945","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2495574","display_name":"Universality (dynamical systems)","level":2,"score":0.43140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.4244000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.4092000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778309119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5121614","display_name":"Circuit reliability","level":4,"score":0.40139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.3903000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190560348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3245116","display_name":"Circuit design","level":2,"score":0.35679998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.3506999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.34779998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.3433000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29265498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7047719","display_name":"Noise measurement","level":3,"score":0.33070001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.32690000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58849907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2118982","display_name":"Quantum gate","level":4,"score":0.3237000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51003876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1536431","display_name":"Quantum error correction","level":4,"score":0.320499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.313400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.30970001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113364801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26674","display_name":"High fidelity","level":2,"score":0.3068000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177650935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1760303","display_name":"Netlist","level":2,"score":0.28769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32946077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618079","display_name":"Network analysis","level":2,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.2549000084400177}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3788085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3788085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193547","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","issn_l":"2476-1249","issn":["2476-1249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2602.18347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2602.18347","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2602.18347","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3788085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3788085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193547","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","issn_l":"2476-1249","issn":["2476-1249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Evaluating":[0],"the":[1,39,115,127,143],"reliability":[2,32,92,108,150,182],"of":[3,43,94,130,137],"noisy":[4,14,95],"quantum":[5,11,15,19,96],"circuits":[6,213],"is":[7,38,47],"essential":[8],"for":[9,88],"implementing":[10],"algorithms":[12],"on":[13,142],"devices.":[16,215],"However,":[17],"current":[18],"hardware":[20],"exhibits":[21],"diverse":[22,212],"noise":[23,131,139],"mechanisms":[24],"whose":[25],"compounded":[26],"effects":[27],"make":[28],"accurate":[29,91],"and":[30,49,85,90,156,173,188,214],"efficient":[31,89],"evaluation":[33,93],"challenging.":[34],"While":[35],"state":[36],"fidelity":[37],"most":[40],"faithful":[41],"indicator":[42],"circuit":[44,65,70,107,198],"reliability,":[45,66],"it":[46],"experimentally":[48],"computationally":[50],"prohibitive":[51],"to":[52,58,62,104,165,209],"obtain.":[53],"Alternative":[54],"metrics,":[55],"although":[56],"easier":[57],"compute,":[59],"often":[60],"fail":[61],"accurately":[63,196],"reflect":[64],"lack":[67],"universality":[68],"across":[69,211],"types,":[71],"or":[72],"offer":[73],"limited":[74],"interpretability.":[75],"To":[76],"address":[77],"these":[78],"challenges,":[79],"we":[80,145],"propose":[81],"a":[82,101,149],"fine-grained,":[83],"scalable,":[84,187],"interpretable":[86],"framework":[87,179],"circuits.":[97],"Our":[98],"approach":[99],"performs":[100],"state-independent":[102],"analysis":[103],"model":[105],"how":[106],"progressively":[109],"degrades":[110],"during":[111],"execution.":[112],"We":[113,159],"introduce":[114],"Noise":[116],"Proxy":[117,147,167],"Circuit":[118],"(NPC),":[119],"which":[120],"removes":[121],"all":[122],"logical":[123],"operations":[124],"while":[125,184],"preserving":[126],"complete":[128],"sequence":[129],"channels,":[132],"thereby":[133],"providing":[134],"an":[135,162,201],"abstraction":[136],"cumulative":[138],"effects.":[140],"Based":[141],"NPC,":[144],"define":[146],"Fidelity,":[148],"metric":[151],"that":[152,193],"quantifies":[153],"both":[154],"qubit-level":[155],"circuit-level":[157],"reliability.":[158],"further":[160],"develop":[161],"analytical":[163],"algorithm":[164],"estimate":[166],"Fidelity":[168],"under":[169],"depolarizing,":[170],"thermal":[171],"relaxation,":[172],"readout":[174],"error":[175],"channels.":[176],"The":[177],"proposed":[178],"achieves":[180],"fidelity-level":[181],"estimation":[183],"remaining":[185],"execution-free,":[186],"interpretable.":[189],"Experimental":[190],"results":[191],"show":[192],"our":[194],"method":[195],"estimates":[197],"fidelity,":[199],"with":[200],"average":[202],"absolute":[203],"difference":[204],"(AAD)":[205],"ranging":[206],"from":[207],"0.031":[208],"0.069":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2026-02-24T00:00:00"}