{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416368797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3786583.3786849","title":"Product Manager Practices for Delegating Work to Generative AI: \u201cAccountability must not be delegated to non-human actors\u201d","display_name":"Product Manager Practices for Delegating Work to Generative AI: \u201cAccountability must not be delegated to non-human actors\u201d","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416368797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3786583.3786849"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3786583.3786849","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3786583.3786849","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM 48th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3786583.3786849","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052019923","display_name":"Mara Ulloa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4442-4520"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mara Ulloa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA and Microsoft, Redmond, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4442-4520","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA and Microsoft, Redmond, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011347521","display_name":"Jenna Butler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0881-3028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jenna L. Butler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft, Redmond, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0881-3028","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft, Redmond, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114618016","display_name":"Sankeerti Haniyur","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sankeerti Haniyur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft, Redmond, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9369-4341","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft, Redmond, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052644156","display_name":"Courtney Miller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5297-4523"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Courtney Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA and Microsoft Research, Redmond, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5297-4523","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA and Microsoft Research, Redmond, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060997711","display_name":"Benita Amos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barrett Amos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft, Redmond, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4740-8971","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft, Redmond, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025427198","display_name":"Advait Sarkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5401-3478"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Advait Sarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5401-3478","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038905934","display_name":"Margaret\u2010Anne Storey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2278-2536"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I212119943","display_name":"University of Victoria","ror":"https://ror.org/04s5mat29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margaret-Anne Storey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada and Microsoft, Redmond, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2278-2536","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada and Microsoft, Redmond, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I212119943"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.9055,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95443289,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"10","last_page":"21"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.2590000033378601,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.2590000033378601,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.12409999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.08349999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delegate","display_name":"Delegate","score":0.7114999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.5992000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.49950000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.49230000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.48840001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.47920000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interview","display_name":"Interview","score":0.4659000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4546000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.42660000920295715}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143273055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2382794","display_name":"Delegate","level":2,"score":0.7114999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.5992000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.5464000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.49950000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.49230000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.48840001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.47920000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24845683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178651","display_name":"Interview","level":2,"score":0.4659000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4546000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.42660000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4198000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3903000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19351080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395034","display_name":"New product development","level":2,"score":0.36039999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46934059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61515","display_name":"Outsourcing","level":2,"score":0.3361999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86532276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184065","display_name":"Delegation","level":2,"score":0.33550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.33550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158016649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161726","display_name":"Multinational corporation","level":2,"score":0.33180001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180152950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2904257","display_name":"Software development process","level":4,"score":0.3222000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.31540000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15952604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179012","display_name":"Project management","level":2,"score":0.2946000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2874000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1702721","display_name":"Personal software process","level":5,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51845450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1421651","display_name":"Team software process","level":5,"score":0.2840000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.2736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184356942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830382","display_name":"Best practice","level":2,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554579003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q474157","display_name":"Collaborative software","level":2,"score":0.2556000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778177629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111823","display_name":"Software product line","level":4,"score":0.25279998779296875}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3786583.3786849","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3786583.3786849","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM 48th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2510.02504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02504","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.02504","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2510.02504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2510.02504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3786583.3786849","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3786583.3786849","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM 48th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Generative":[0],"AI":[1],"(GenAI)":[2],"is":[3,32,41,128],"changing":[4],"the":[5,37,136],"nature":[6],"of":[7,35,39,71,78,124],"knowledge":[8],"work,":[9],"particularly":[10],"for":[11,68,116],"Product":[12],"Managers":[13],"(PMs)":[14],"in":[15],"software":[16,21,60,143],"development":[17,144],"teams.":[18],"While":[19],"much":[20],"engineering":[22],"research":[23],"has":[24],"focused":[25],"on":[26,135],"developers\u2019":[27],"interactions":[28],"with":[29],"GenAI,":[30],"there":[31],"less":[33],"understanding":[34],"how":[36,103,125],"work":[38],"PMs":[40,72,104,113],"evolving":[42],"due":[43],"to":[44,108,110],"GenAI.":[45],"To":[46],"address":[47],"this":[48],"gap,":[49],"we":[50],"conducted":[51],"a":[52,57,69,76,97],"mixed-methods":[53],"study":[54],"at":[55],"Microsoft,":[56],"large,":[58],"multinational":[59],"company:":[61],"surveying":[62],"885":[63],"PMs,":[64],"analyzing":[65],"telemetry":[66],"data":[67],"subset":[70,77],"(N=731),":[73],"and":[74,91,94,122,142],"interviewing":[75],"15":[79],"PMs.":[80],"We":[81,130],"contribute:":[82],"(1)":[83],"PMs\u2019":[84],"current":[85],"GenAI":[86,118,138],"adoption":[87,140],"rates,":[88],"uses":[89],"cases,":[90],"perceived":[92],"benefits":[93],"barriers;":[95],"(2)":[96],"value-based":[98],"Selective":[99],"Delegation":[100],"Framework":[101],"capturing":[102],"assess":[105],"which":[106],"tasks":[107],"delegate":[109],"GenAI;":[111],"(3)":[112],"adaptation":[114],"practices":[115],"integrating":[117],"into":[119],"their":[120,126],"roles":[121],"perceptions":[123],"role":[127],"evolving.":[129],"end":[131],"by":[132],"discussing":[133],"implications":[134],"broader":[137],"workflow":[139],"process":[141],"roles.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-05T07:39:15.569665","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}