{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7155614105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3785022.3785132","title":"Exploring Students\u2019 Cognitive Engagement with Generative Artificial Intelligence","display_name":"Exploring Students\u2019 Cognitive Engagement with Generative Artificial Intelligence","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7155614105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3785022.3785132"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3785022.3785132","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3785022.3785132","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the LAK26: 16th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3785022.3785132","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081809917","display_name":"Fawzia Alamray","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120238654","display_name":"Saudi Electronic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ndh7v49","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120238654"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fawzia Alamray","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and Department of Computer Science, College of Computing and Informatics, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-1933","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and Department of Computer Science, College of Computing and Informatics, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120238654","https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125420595","display_name":"Naif R. Aljohani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naif R. Aljohani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9153-1293","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062789926","display_name":"Ahmed S. Alfakeeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1772-2782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed S. Alfakeeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1772-2782","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017266517","display_name":"Nawaf Alhebaishi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0438-4243"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nawaf Alhebaishi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0438-4243","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036855560","display_name":"Dragan Ga\u0161evi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9265-1908"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dragan Ga\u0161evi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Learning Analytics, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9265-1908","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Learning Analytics, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081809917"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120238654","https://openalex.org/I185163786"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9567044,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"709","last_page":"720"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.48899999260902405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.48899999260902405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.1754000037908554,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.07769999653100967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.586899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.567799985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.5133000016212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-analytics","display_name":"Learning analytics","score":0.45969998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.4555000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytics","display_name":"Analytics","score":0.44749999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomy","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","score":0.36719998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-model","display_name":"Cognitive model","score":0.33649998903274536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.586899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.567799985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.5133000016212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.48260000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.46889999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777648619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2845208","display_name":"Learning analytics","level":2,"score":0.45969998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.4555000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.44749999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42640000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4074000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.36719998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.358599990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.33970001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161407221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4382939","display_name":"Cognitive model","level":3,"score":0.33649998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105409693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5937824","display_name":"Human intelligence","level":2,"score":0.3001999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78780964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7233193","display_name":"Position paper","level":2,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191301653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17051876","display_name":"Rational analysis","level":3,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.2890999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C517642484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388514","display_name":"Intelligence analysis","level":2,"score":0.28610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170494330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778434","display_name":"Cognitive map","level":3,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92298750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008161","display_name":"Cognitive computing","level":3,"score":0.274399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138020889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2349659","display_name":"Collaborative learning","level":2,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37228920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307600","display_name":"Experiential learning","level":2,"score":0.26440000534057617}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3785022.3785132","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3785022.3785132","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the LAK26: 16th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3785022.3785132","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3785022.3785132","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the LAK26: 16th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7758908867835999,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2074163837","https://openalex.org/W2563946746","https://openalex.org/W2597900308","https://openalex.org/W4225405185","https://openalex.org/W4285778212","https://openalex.org/W4381149642","https://openalex.org/W4386251129","https://openalex.org/W4386544117","https://openalex.org/W4386693657","https://openalex.org/W4389210056","https://openalex.org/W4390146370","https://openalex.org/W4392783116","https://openalex.org/W4393386481","https://openalex.org/W4399790131","https://openalex.org/W4401121063","https://openalex.org/W4402281018","https://openalex.org/W4403637324","https://openalex.org/W4404361386","https://openalex.org/W4404387828","https://openalex.org/W4405211386","https://openalex.org/W4405586205","https://openalex.org/W4406216423","https://openalex.org/W4406401937","https://openalex.org/W4407841786","https://openalex.org/W4407842459","https://openalex.org/W4407861126","https://openalex.org/W4408402978","https://openalex.org/W4410109561","https://openalex.org/W4411430598","https://openalex.org/W4411498675","https://openalex.org/W4412910110","https://openalex.org/W4413006785","https://openalex.org/W4413128655","https://openalex.org/W4413222697","https://openalex.org/W6946125481"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Generative":[0],"artificial":[1],"intelligence":[2],"(GenAI)":[3],"is":[4,12],"increasingly":[5],"embedded":[6],"in":[7,21,176,221,256],"higher":[8,128,257],"education,":[9],"yet":[10],"little":[11],"known":[13],"about":[14],"how":[15,199,229],"it":[16,171],"shapes":[17],"students\u2019":[18],"cognitive":[19,102,129,244],"engagement":[20],"authentic":[22],"learning":[23,29,90,195,223,230],"tasks.":[24],"This":[25,191],"study":[26],"applies":[27],"a":[28,48,62,134,167,185],"analytics":[30,91,196,231],"perspective":[31],"to":[32,66,79,136,194,241],"investigate":[33],"the":[34,124,153,159,189,214,226,234],"types":[35],"and":[36,84,104,144,156,206,216,238,253],"dynamics":[37,218],"of":[38,82,219,236],"cognition":[39,220],"that":[40,120,148],"emerge":[41],"when":[42,170],"students":[43,252],"interact":[44],"with":[45,75,87,133,204],"GenAI":[46,69],"during":[47],"question\u2013answering":[49],"task.":[50],"We":[51],"collected":[52],"294":[53],"GPT-4":[54],"assisted":[55],"conversations":[56],"comprising":[57],"618":[58],"student":[59,68],"questions":[60],"using":[61],"purpose-built":[63],"system":[64],"designed":[65],"support":[67],"questioning.":[70],"Student\u2013GenAI":[71],"interactions":[72],"were":[73],"coded":[74],"Bloom\u2019s":[76,180,201],"revised":[77,202],"taxonomy":[78,203],"capture":[80],"levels":[81],"cognition,":[83],"then":[85],"analyzed":[86],"two":[88],"complementary":[89],"approaches:":[92],"Epistemic":[93],"Network":[94,107],"Analysis":[95,108],"(ENA),":[96],"which":[97,110],"identifies":[98],"co-occurrence":[99],"structures":[100],"among":[101],"categories,":[103],"Frequency-based":[105],"Transition":[106],"(FTNA),":[109],"models":[111],"their":[112],"sequential":[113],"flow":[114],"over":[115],"time.":[116],"The":[117],"analyses":[118],"revealed":[119],"prompts":[121,140,240],"generated":[122],"by":[123,197],"AI":[125],"tool":[126],"elicited":[127],"processes,":[130],"particularly":[131],"Analyze":[132,157],"spillover":[135],"Apply,":[137],"whereas":[138],"student-authored":[139,239],"clustered":[141],"around":[142],"Understand":[143],"Evaluate.":[145],"FTNA":[146,207],"showed":[147],"Remember":[149],"commonly":[150],"served":[151],"as":[152,158],"entry":[154],"point":[155],"main":[160],"convergence":[161],"node;":[162],"although":[163],"rare,":[164],"Create":[165],"occupied":[166],"central":[168],"position":[169],"appeared.":[172],"Students":[173],"often":[174],"engaged":[175],"cyclical":[177],"loops":[178],"across":[179],"categories":[181],"rather":[182],"than":[183],"following":[184],"linear":[186],"progression":[187],"through":[188],"taxonomy.":[190],"work":[192],"contributes":[193],"demonstrating":[198],"combining":[200],"ENA":[205],"provides":[208],"methodological":[209],"innovations":[210],"for":[211,250],"capturing":[212],"both":[213],"structural":[215],"temporal":[217],"GenAI-supported":[222],"environments.":[224],"Pedagogically,":[225],"findings":[227],"highlight":[228],"can":[232],"inform":[233],"design":[235],"AI-generated":[237],"foster":[242],"deeper":[243],"engagement,":[245],"thus":[246],"offering":[247],"actionable":[248],"insights":[249],"empowering":[251],"guiding":[254],"educators":[255],"education":[258],"contexts.":[259]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-29T09:16:38.111599","created_date":"2026-04-26T00:00:00"}