{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416109732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3776558","title":"Did Alice Do Wrong? Cross-Cultural Differences in Student Perceptions of Generative AI Use in University Computing Education","display_name":"Did Alice Do Wrong? Cross-Cultural Differences in Student Perceptions of Generative AI Use in University Computing Education","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416109732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3776558"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3776558","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3776558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764465379","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","issn_l":"1946-6226","issn":["1946-6226"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018644467","display_name":"Brian Harrington","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0734-9630"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799376586","display_name":"The Scarborough Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04pzgb662","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799376586"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Harrington","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","University of Toronto Scarborough, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0734-9630","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799376586","https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto Scarborough, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799376586","https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000724622","display_name":"Irina Zlotnikova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1865-8586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I216286881","display_name":"Botswana International University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04cr2sq58","country_code":"BW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I216286881"]}],"countries":["BW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irina Zlotnikova","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana","Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Botswana"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1865-8586","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I216286881"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Botswana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I216286881"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107078269","display_name":"Gayathri Nadarajan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8601-0346"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gayathri Nadarajan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)","Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8601-0346","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sungkyunkwan University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069323948","display_name":"Samuel Ekundayo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5920-4867"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49231182","display_name":"Open Polytechnic","ror":"https://ror.org/020ekrq71","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152882","https://openalex.org/I49231182"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Ekundayo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Open Polytechnic of New Zealand, Lower Hutt, New Zealand","Open Polytechnic of New Zealand, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5920-4867","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Open Polytechnic of New Zealand, Lower Hutt, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49231182"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Open Polytechnic of New Zealand, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49231182"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2949,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95864068,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"23"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11492","display_name":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","score":0.600600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11492","display_name":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","score":0.600600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.10729999840259552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.06199999898672104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.6133000254631042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-diversity","display_name":"Cultural diversity","score":0.5812000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-education","display_name":"Higher education","score":0.5151000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.4932999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.4787999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-competence","display_name":"Cultural competence","score":0.4357999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4108999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.38769999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethical-code","display_name":"Ethical code","score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-cultural","display_name":"Cross-cultural","score":0.3727000057697296}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6133000254631042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125209646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338878","display_name":"Cultural diversity","level":2,"score":0.5812000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.5151000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5127000212669373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4932999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.4787999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169536714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666159","display_name":"Cultural competence","level":2,"score":0.4357999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4108999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3889000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.38769999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128268270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2264133","display_name":"Ethical code","level":2,"score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168646138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11578821","display_name":"Cross-cultural","level":2,"score":0.3727000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779390046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4671278","display_name":"Academic integrity","level":2,"score":0.3702999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3598000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67356462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5807210","display_name":"Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory","level":2,"score":0.35760000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.35260000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.3400999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.32760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C533356498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843894","display_name":"Critical thinking","level":2,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781460075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399332","display_name":"Compliance (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.30390000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.30309998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37228920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307600","display_name":"Experiential learning","level":2,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994336638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11042","display_name":"Cultural influence","level":2,"score":0.28940001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.2825999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6423378","display_name":"Knowledge level","level":2,"score":0.28209999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781206393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748419","display_name":"Academic achievement","level":2,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76188268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783165","display_name":"Context effect","level":3,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992397558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5188450","display_name":"Cultural sensitivity","level":2,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37773902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970594","display_name":"Cultural bias","level":2,"score":0.2615000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777595002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5393518","display_name":"Power structure","level":3,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184707439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5193269","display_name":"Cultural conflict","level":2,"score":0.2556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780304933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3273263","display_name":"Cultural pluralism","level":2,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3776558","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3776558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764465379","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","issn_l":"1946-6226","issn":["1946-6226"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995408540","https://openalex.org/W2017275760","https://openalex.org/W2019275930","https://openalex.org/W2021583039","https://openalex.org/W2056775433","https://openalex.org/W2081797961","https://openalex.org/W2320805529","https://openalex.org/W2327678559","https://openalex.org/W2594266012","https://openalex.org/W2598541178","https://openalex.org/W2996517729","https://openalex.org/W3138832069","https://openalex.org/W3215915578","https://openalex.org/W4221121976","https://openalex.org/W4224865584","https://openalex.org/W4249144430","https://openalex.org/W4324046518","https://openalex.org/W4385886409","https://openalex.org/W4386584937","https://openalex.org/W4388462539","https://openalex.org/W4388848791","https://openalex.org/W4389235433","https://openalex.org/W4389311852","https://openalex.org/W4390315357","https://openalex.org/W4390539702","https://openalex.org/W4391584372","https://openalex.org/W4391759421","https://openalex.org/W4393226952","https://openalex.org/W4395007879","https://openalex.org/W4395483946","https://openalex.org/W4396705023","https://openalex.org/W4399554371","https://openalex.org/W4400268380","https://openalex.org/W4400363090","https://openalex.org/W4401894003","https://openalex.org/W4402565126","https://openalex.org/W4402581026","https://openalex.org/W4403106051","https://openalex.org/W4403176729","https://openalex.org/W4403422104","https://openalex.org/W4404055334","https://openalex.org/W4404247421","https://openalex.org/W4404326436","https://openalex.org/W4404756518","https://openalex.org/W4405221730","https://openalex.org/W4405646121","https://openalex.org/W4405699886","https://openalex.org/W4405742144","https://openalex.org/W4405897653","https://openalex.org/W4406743598","https://openalex.org/W4406986058","https://openalex.org/W4408083851","https://openalex.org/W4408085729","https://openalex.org/W4408636817","https://openalex.org/W4409616742","https://openalex.org/W6906268664"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"rise":[1],"of":[2,27,58,75,110,121,166,184,192,207],"generative":[3],"AI":[4,171,222],"(GenAI)":[5],"in":[6,24,45,114,173,229],"higher":[7,231],"education":[8,174,232],"has":[9],"prompted":[10],"urgent":[11],"debates":[12],"surrounding":[13],"academic":[14,185,208],"integrity":[15],"and":[16,36,55,80,99,149,224],"ethical":[17,130,155,221],"use.":[18],"This":[19,210],"study":[20,211],"examines":[21],"cross-cultural":[22,217],"differences":[23,104],"student":[25],"perceptions":[26],"GenAI":[28,76,227],"use,":[29],"comparing":[30],"responses":[31],"from":[32],"students":[33,51,66],"at":[34],"Canadian":[35,65],"South":[37],"Korean":[38,86],"universities.":[39],"Using":[40],"a":[41],"scenario-based":[42],"survey":[43],"administered":[44],"Fall":[46],"2024,":[47],"we":[48],"analyzed":[49],"how":[50],"judged":[52],"the":[53,73,111,119,163,190,213],"ethicality":[54],"rule":[56],"compliance":[57],"AI-assisted":[59],"coding":[60],"practices.":[61],"Results":[62],"reveal":[63],"that":[64,118,141,169,196],"were":[67,133],"consistently":[68],"more":[69],"likely":[70],"to":[71,85,162,199,219],"perceive":[72],"use":[74,228],"as":[77,145],"both":[78],"unethical":[79],"against":[81],"institutional":[82,91],"policies":[83,223],"compared":[84],"students,":[87],"despite":[88],"functionally":[89],"identical":[90],"policies.":[92],"Statistical":[93],"analysis,":[94],"including":[95],"Mann-Whitney":[96],"U":[97],"tests":[98],"correlation":[100],"coefficients,":[101],"demonstrated":[102],"significant":[103],"across":[105],"nearly":[106],"all":[107],"scenarios.":[108],"Analysis":[109],"factors":[112,143],"used":[113],"generating":[115],"scenarios":[116],"indicated":[117],"amount":[120],"AI-generated":[122],"code":[123],"incorporated":[124],"into":[125,180],"assignments":[126],"most":[127],"strongly":[128],"influenced":[129],"judgments.":[131],"Findings":[132],"interpreted":[134],"through":[135],"Hofstede\u2019s":[136],"cultural":[137,142,201],"dimensions":[138],"framework,":[139],"suggesting":[140],"such":[144],"power":[146],"distance,":[147],"individualism,":[148],"uncertainty":[150],"avoidance":[151],"significantly":[152],"shape":[153],"students\u2019":[154],"reasoning":[156],"regarding":[157],"GenAI.":[158],"Our":[159],"results":[160],"contribute":[161],"growing":[164],"body":[165],"evidence":[167],"emphasizing":[168],"equitable":[170],"integration":[172],"must":[175],"be":[176],"culturally":[177],"responsive,":[178],"taking":[179],"account":[181],"diverse":[182],"conceptions":[183],"integrity.":[186],"We":[187],"advocate":[188],"for":[189,215],"development":[191],"nuanced":[193],"AI-use":[194],"guidelines":[195],"are":[197],"sensitive":[198],"local":[200],"contexts":[202],"while":[203],"upholding":[204],"fundamental":[205],"principles":[206],"honesty.":[209],"highlights":[212],"need":[214],"ongoing":[216],"research":[218],"inform":[220],"support":[225],"responsible":[226],"global":[230],"settings.":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-11-11T00:00:00"}
