{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133321411","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3774905.3795465","title":"Can Thinking Models Think to Detect Hateful Memes?","display_name":"Can Thinking Models Think to Detect Hateful Memes?","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133321411","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3774905.3795465"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3774905.3795465","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3774905.3795465","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Companion Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2026","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3774905.3795465","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109021944","display_name":"Mohamed Bayan Kmainasi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Bayan Kmainasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4115-6057","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086826049","display_name":"M\u00fccahid Kutlu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5660-4992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mucahid Kutlu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5660-4992","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109021945","display_name":"Ali Ezzat Shahroor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1301390666","display_name":"Qatar Airways (Qatar)","ror":"https://ror.org/01hx00y13","country_code":"QA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1301390666"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Ezzat Shahroor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qatar Computing Research Institute, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3918-7471","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar Computing Research Institute, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1301390666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127948918","display_name":"Abul Hasnat","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118074","display_name":"Institut Technique de l'Aviculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01ph4hz96","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118074"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abul Hasnat","raw_affiliation_strings":["APAVI.AI, Noisy Le Grand, France and Blackbird.AI, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2748-8221","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"APAVI.AI, Noisy Le Grand, France and Blackbird.AI, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118074"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024395000","display_name":"Md. Firoj Alam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1301390666","display_name":"Qatar Airways (Qatar)","ror":"https://ror.org/01hx00y13","country_code":"QA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1301390666"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Firoj Alam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qatar Computing Research Institute, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7172-1997","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar Computing Research Institute, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1301390666"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"935","last_page":"944"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.49070000648498535,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.49070000648498535,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.1598999947309494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.0625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5340999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.40720000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.3684000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.34150001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.28439998626708984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5697000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.557699978351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5340999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.40720000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3831000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.3684000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.34150001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.334199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3084999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.30410000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.28439998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.2736000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.27090001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.2615000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.25380000472068787}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3774905.3795465","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3774905.3795465","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Companion Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2026","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2603.01225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.01225","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2603.01225","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3774905.3795465","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3774905.3795465","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Companion Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2026","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.5122380256652832}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2541145698","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"14C-0916-210015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","funder_display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/039z13y21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01svaqq28"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hateful":[0,119],"memes":[1],"often":[2],"require":[3],"compositional":[4],"multimodal":[5,24],"reasoning:":[6],"the":[7,118],"image":[8],"and":[9,58,97,108,131,136,150],"text":[10],"may":[11],"appear":[12],"benign":[13],"in":[14,52],"isolation,":[15],"yet":[16],"their":[17,34],"interaction":[18],"conveys":[19],"harmful":[20],"intent.":[21],"Although":[22],"thinking-based":[23,53],"large":[25],"language":[26],"models":[27],"(MLLMs)":[28],"have":[29],"recently":[30],"advanced":[31],"vision\u2013language":[32],"understanding,":[33,81],"capabilities":[35],"remain":[36],"underexplored":[37],"for":[38,78],"hateful":[39,79,86],"meme":[40,80,87,106],"analysis.":[41],"We":[42,142],"propose":[43],"a":[44,59,71,100],"reinforcement":[45],"learning\u2013based":[46],"post-training":[47],"framework":[48],"that":[49,103,123],"improves":[50],"reasoning":[51],"MLLMs":[54,77],"via":[55,95],"task-specific":[56],"rewards":[57],"novel":[60],"Group":[61],"Relative":[62],"Policy":[63],"Optimization":[64],"(GRPO)":[65],"objective.":[66],"Concretely,":[67],"we":[68],"(i)":[69],"conduct":[70],"systematic":[72],"empirical":[73],"study":[74],"of":[75],"off-the-shelf":[76],"(ii)":[82],"extend":[83],"an":[84],"existing":[85],"dataset":[88],"by":[89,133,139],"generating":[90],"weakly/pseudo-supervised":[91],"chain-of-thought":[92],"(CoT)":[93],"rationales":[94],"distillation,":[96],"(iii)":[98],"introduce":[99],"GRPO-based":[101],"objective":[102],"jointly":[104],"optimizes":[105],"classification":[107],"explanation":[109,137],"quality":[110,138],"to":[111,153],"encourage":[112],"fine-grained":[113],"step-by-step":[114],"reasoning.":[115],"Experiments":[116],"on":[117],"Memes":[120],"benchmark":[121],"show":[122],"our":[124,146],"approach":[125],"achieves":[126],"state-of-the-art":[127],"results,":[128],"improving":[129],"accuracy":[130],"F1":[132],"approximately":[134,140],"1%":[135],"3%.":[141],"will":[143],"publicly":[144],"release":[145],"code,":[147],"data":[148],"extensions,":[149],"evaluation":[151],"resources":[152],"support":[154],"reproducibility.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2026-03-04T00:00:00"}