{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7152557149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3774904.3792707","title":"Rethinking Graph Generalization through the Lens of Sharpness-Aware Minimization","display_name":"Rethinking Graph Generalization through the Lens of Sharpness-Aware Minimization","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7152557149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3774904.3792707"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3774904.3792707","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3774904.3792707","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2026","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3774904.3792707","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100379373","display_name":"Yang Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3564-0521"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3564-0521","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yixiong Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2125-9041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yixiong Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2125-9041","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100384838","display_name":"Jun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9515-076X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134687103","display_name":"Nanjing Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sd35x91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["iWudao Tech, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9515-076X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"iWudao Tech, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1493","last_page":"1504"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.54339998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.54339998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.3440000116825104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12536","display_name":"Topological and Geometric Data Analysis","score":0.033799998462200165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.5169000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4903999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.4657999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lens","display_name":"Lens (geology)","score":0.3628999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-theory","display_name":"Graph theory","score":0.2971999943256378}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.5169000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4903999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.4657999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.421099990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3889000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15336307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051","display_name":"Lens (geology)","level":2,"score":0.3628999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.3343999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3244999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88230418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131476","display_name":"Graph theory","level":2,"score":0.2971999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.28029999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136119220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000660","display_name":"Algebra over a field","level":2,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3774904.3792707","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3774904.3792707","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2026","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3774904.3792707","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3774904.3792707","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2026","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963261224","https://openalex.org/W2964288524","https://openalex.org/W3003874400","https://openalex.org/W3186377753","https://openalex.org/W4282004119","https://openalex.org/W4312252283","https://openalex.org/W4367840648","https://openalex.org/W4386047779","https://openalex.org/W4393160168","https://openalex.org/W4396594869","https://openalex.org/W4401863224","https://openalex.org/W4402702887","https://openalex.org/W4402753912","https://openalex.org/W4409366226","https://openalex.org/W4413145456","https://openalex.org/W7133185404","https://openalex.org/W7133201757","https://openalex.org/W7133206103","https://openalex.org/W7133213359"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Graph":[0],"Neural":[1],"Networks":[2],"(GNNs)":[3],"have":[4],"achieved":[5],"remarkable":[6],"success":[7],"across":[8,211],"various":[9],"graph-based":[10],"tasks":[11],"but":[12],"remain":[13],"highly":[14],"sensitive":[15],"to":[16,100,143,165,201],"distribution":[17,45],"shifts.":[18],"In":[19],"this":[20,51,116],"work,":[21],"we":[22,53,87,118,156,188],"focus":[23],"on":[24,115,185],"a":[25,76,102,106,121,174],"prevalent":[26],"yet":[27],"underexplored":[28],"phenomenon":[29,150],"in":[30,124],"graph":[31,219],"generalization,":[32,221],"Minimal":[33],"Shift":[34],"Flip":[35],"(MSF)\u2014where":[36],"test":[37],"samples":[38,204],"that":[39,140,161,196,215],"slightly":[40],"deviate":[41],"from":[42],"the":[43,57,65,71,89,96,125,148,152,170],"training":[44],"are":[46],"abruptly":[47],"misclassified.":[48],"To":[49,83,145],"interpret":[50],"phenomenon,":[52],"revisit":[54],"MSF":[55,149],"through":[56],"lens":[58],"of":[59,70,91,154],"Sharpness-Aware":[60],"Minimization":[61],"(SAM),":[62],"which":[63],"characterizes":[64],"local":[66,110,132],"stability":[67,111,133],"and":[68,104,112,134,151,176,182,205],"sharpness":[69],"loss":[72,85,138],"landscape":[73,139],"while":[74],"providing":[75],"theoretical":[77,107],"foundation":[78],"for":[79,179],"modeling":[80,180],"generalization":[81],"error.":[82],"quantify":[84],"sharpness,":[86],"introduce":[88],"concept":[90],"Local":[92],"Robust":[93],"Radius,":[94],"measuring":[95],"smallest":[97],"perturbation":[98],"required":[99],"flip":[101],"prediction":[103],"establishing":[105],"link":[108],"between":[109],"generalization.":[113,208],"Building":[114,184],"perspective,":[117],"further":[119],"observe":[120],"continual":[122],"decrease":[123],"robust":[126,171],"radius":[127],"during":[128],"training,":[129],"indicating":[130],"weakened":[131],"an":[135,158,190],"increasingly":[136],"sharp":[137],"gives":[141],"rise":[142],"MSF.":[144],"jointly":[146],"solve":[147],"intractability":[153],"radius,":[155,172],"develop":[157],"energy-based":[159],"formulation":[160],"is":[162,226],"theoretically":[163],"proven":[164],"be":[166],"monotonically":[167],"correlated":[168],"with":[169],"offering":[173],"tractable":[175],"principled":[177],"objective":[178],"flatness":[181],"stability.":[183],"these":[186],"insights,":[187],"propose":[189],"energy-driven":[191],"generative":[192],"augmentation":[193],"framework":[194],"(E2A)":[195],"leverages":[197],"energy-guided":[198],"latent":[199],"perturbations":[200],"generate":[202],"pseudo-OOD":[203],"enhance":[206],"model":[207],"Extensive":[209],"experiments":[210],"multiple":[212],"benchmarks":[213],"demonstrate":[214],"E2A":[216],"consistently":[217],"improves":[218],"OOD":[220],"outperforming":[222],"state-of-the-art":[223],"baselines.":[224],"Code":[225],"available":[227],"at":[228],"https://github.com/anders1123/E2A":[229]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2026-04-10T00:00:00"}