{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7129095565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3773966.3777981","title":"LLM Agent-based Shilling Attack on Recommender Systems","display_name":"LLM Agent-based Shilling Attack on Recommender Systems","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7129095565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3773966.3777981"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3773966.3777981","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3773966.3777981","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Nineteenth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3773966.3777981","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101852098","display_name":"Shengkang Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7033-0162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shengkang Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106670276","display_name":"Jianxing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2201-3887"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiahao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126095714","display_name":"Dongsheng Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113369","display_name":"Microsoft Research Asia (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0300m5276","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210113369"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongsheng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research Asia, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research Asia, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113369"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126080961","display_name":"Guangping Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangping Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049846577","display_name":"Mei Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5338-4875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingzhe Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123923953","display_name":"Hansu Gu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802723755","display_name":"Independent Sector","ror":"https://ror.org/05vhwqa91","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802723755"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58610484","display_name":"Seattle University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqc0m91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58610484"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hansu Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent, Seattle, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802723755","https://openalex.org/I58610484"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126097239","display_name":"Peng Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126129098","display_name":"Ning Gu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126171995","display_name":"Li Shang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Shang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126135253","display_name":"Tun Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tun Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101852098"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.33557516,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"163","last_page":"173"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.6230000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.6230000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.0471000000834465,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.04039999842643738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recommender-system","display_name":"Recommender system","score":0.6858999729156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.6507999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rss","display_name":"RSS","score":0.6144000291824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting","display_name":"Limiting","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action","display_name":"Action (physics)","score":0.5087000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.4584999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.43369999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/threat-model","display_name":"Threat model","score":0.4269999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.724399983882904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557471498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554950","display_name":"Recommender system","level":2,"score":0.6858999729156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.6507999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6276999711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2385561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45432","display_name":"RSS","level":2,"score":0.6144000291824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5087000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4584999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.43369999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140547941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7797194","display_name":"Threat model","level":2,"score":0.4269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.39809998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.38960000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.33239999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.29120001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.288100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.2856000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186625053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130191","display_name":"Information overload","level":2,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76178495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4808784","display_name":"Asset (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780626000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5936775","display_name":"Human-in-the-loop","level":2,"score":0.2752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201025465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11248500","display_name":"User experience design","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.2556000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31352089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3750474","display_name":"Systems design","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777622855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7901844","display_name":"User information","level":3,"score":0.25290000438690186}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3773966.3777981","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3773966.3777981","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Nineteenth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3773966.3777981","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3773966.3777981","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Nineteenth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6991879940032959}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486317198","https://openalex.org/W2072651985","https://openalex.org/W2082182279","https://openalex.org/W2136189984","https://openalex.org/W2904311070","https://openalex.org/W2972646741","https://openalex.org/W3025378468","https://openalex.org/W3031339255","https://openalex.org/W3048511744","https://openalex.org/W3087849807","https://openalex.org/W3092434217","https://openalex.org/W4283445889","https://openalex.org/W4319452302","https://openalex.org/W4384649125","https://openalex.org/W4385565448","https://openalex.org/W4387848554","https://openalex.org/W4392472696","https://openalex.org/W4396758674","https://openalex.org/W4400525295","https://openalex.org/W4405643789","https://openalex.org/W4409365132","https://openalex.org/W4409671937","https://openalex.org/W4412394835"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,61,124,163],"growing":[2],"ubiquity":[3],"of":[4,126,132,156],"recommender":[5],"systems":[6],"(RSs),":[7],"malicious":[8],"manipulation":[9,116],"through":[10,94],"shilling":[11,84],"attacks,":[12],"where":[13],"fake":[14],"user":[15,44,55],"profiles":[16],"are":[17,57],"injected":[18],"to":[19,26,67,91,103,114,166],"alter":[20],"system":[21,27],"outputs,":[22],"poses":[23],"increasing":[24],"threats":[25,157],"integrity.":[28],"Existing":[29],"attack":[30,85,142],"methods":[31,143],"often":[32],"rely":[33],"on":[34,129],"simplified":[35],"heuristics,":[36],"require":[37],"internal":[38],"RS":[39,62,168],"data,":[40],"and":[41,50,73,109,134,147],"most":[42],"overlook":[43],"reviews,":[45],"limiting":[46],"their":[47,65],"stealthiness,":[48],"realism,":[49],"potential":[51],"impact.":[52],"Recently,":[53],"LLM-based":[54,160],"agents":[56,90,128],"gaining":[58],"traction":[59],"in":[60,144],"community":[63],"for":[64],"capabilities":[66],"simulate":[68],"human":[69],"behaviors":[70],"like":[71],"rating":[72],"review":[74],"generation.":[75],"In":[76],"this":[77],"context,":[78],"we":[79],"propose":[80],"AgentSA,":[81],"a":[82,152],"low-knowledge":[83,141],"framework":[86],"that":[87,136],"employs":[88],"such":[89,171],"manipulate":[92],"recommendations":[93],"adversarial":[95],"yet":[96],"human-like":[97],"interactions.":[98],"We":[99,122],"design":[100],"targeted":[101],"mechanisms":[102],"guide":[104],"profile":[105],"construction,":[106],"memory":[107],"retrieval,":[108],"action":[110],"generation":[111],"(including":[112],"reviews)":[113],"maximize":[115],"impact":[117,125],"while":[118],"maintaining":[119],"behavioral":[120],"camouflage.":[121],"evaluate":[123],"these":[127],"various":[130],"types":[131],"RSs":[133],"demonstrate":[135],"AgentSA":[137],"consistently":[138],"outperforms":[139],"existing":[140],"both":[145],"effectiveness":[146],"stealth.":[148],"Our":[149],"findings":[150],"uncover":[151],"concerning":[153],"new":[154],"class":[155],"enabled":[158],"by":[159],"agents,":[161],"underscoring":[162],"pressing":[164],"need":[165],"bolster":[167],"security":[169],"against":[170],"emerging":[172],"risks.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2026-02-17T00:00:00"}
