{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7119510468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3773656.3773687","title":"Scalable eVTOL Aerodynamics Simulations on Heterogeneous HPC Platforms with Minimal-Invasive GPU Porting","display_name":"Scalable eVTOL Aerodynamics Simulations on Heterogeneous HPC Platforms with Minimal-Invasive GPU Porting","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7119510468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3773656.3773687"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3773656.3773687","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3773656.3773687","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Supercomputing Asia and International Conference on High Performance Computing in Asia Pacific Region","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3773656.3773687","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009385730","display_name":"Peter Ohm","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4803-4416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129730","display_name":"RIKEN Center for Computational Science","ror":"https://ror.org/03r519674","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110652","https://openalex.org/I4210129730"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Ohm","raw_affiliation_strings":["RIKEN Center for Computational Science, Kobe, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4803-4416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RIKEN Center for Computational Science, Kobe, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129730"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043270005","display_name":"Ayato Takii","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3257-7640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65837984","display_name":"Kobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tgsfw79","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayato Takii","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kobe University, kobe, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3257-7640","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kobe University, kobe, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080621827","display_name":"Kazuto Ando","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2123-1177"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129730","display_name":"RIKEN Center for Computational Science","ror":"https://ror.org/03r519674","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110652","https://openalex.org/I4210129730"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kazuto Ando","raw_affiliation_strings":["RIKEN Center for Computational Science, kobe, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2123-1177","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RIKEN Center for Computational Science, kobe, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129730"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027229002","display_name":"Rahul Bale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4586-2782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129730","display_name":"RIKEN Center for Computational Science","ror":"https://ror.org/03r519674","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110652","https://openalex.org/I4210129730"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65837984","display_name":"Kobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tgsfw79","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahul Bale","raw_affiliation_strings":["RIKEN Center for Computational Science, kobe, Japan and Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4586-2782","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RIKEN Center for Computational Science, kobe, Japan and Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129730","https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122354130","display_name":"Makoto Tsubokura","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129730","display_name":"RIKEN Center for Computational Science","ror":"https://ror.org/03r519674","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110652","https://openalex.org/I4210129730"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65837984","display_name":"Kobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tgsfw79","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Makoto Tsubokura","raw_affiliation_strings":["RIKEN Center for Computational Science, kobe, Japan and Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6555-9575","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RIKEN Center for Computational Science, kobe, Japan and Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129730","https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.04590839,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"362","last_page":"373"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10173","display_name":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","score":0.4596000015735626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10173","display_name":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","score":0.4596000015735626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11751","display_name":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","score":0.0714000016450882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10339","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Methods in Computational Mathematics","score":0.05050000175833702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6326000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerodynamics","display_name":"Aerodynamics","score":0.6180999875068665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solver","display_name":"Solver","score":0.5525000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supercomputer","display_name":"Supercomputer","score":0.5221999883651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.5135999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/porting","display_name":"Porting","score":0.511900007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-fluid-dynamics","display_name":"Computational fluid dynamics","score":0.474700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granularity","display_name":"Granularity","score":0.44830000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.41920000314712524}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6326000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13393347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8424","display_name":"Aerodynamics","level":2,"score":0.6180999875068665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778770139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1966904","display_name":"Solver","level":2,"score":0.5525000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.5447999835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83283714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121117","display_name":"Supercomputer","level":2,"score":0.5221999883651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.5135999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106251023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851989","display_name":"Porting","level":3,"score":0.511900007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1633027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815820","display_name":"Computational fluid dynamics","level":2,"score":0.474700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4668000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177774035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1246948","display_name":"Granularity","level":2,"score":0.44830000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.41920000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3912000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53051483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861555","display_name":"Cube (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.33309999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131053463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680751","display_name":"Adaptive mesh refinement","level":2,"score":0.32670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.29809999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106515295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26806595","display_name":"Parallel processing","level":2,"score":0.2964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51929080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2425187","display_name":"Codebase","level":3,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.2840000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166782233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127879","display_name":"Message Passing Interface","level":3,"score":0.2824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46435376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1829750","display_name":"Multiphysics","level":3,"score":0.28200000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78600449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43302","display_name":"Wind power","level":2,"score":0.26669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130795937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2561570","display_name":"Remote direct memory access","level":2,"score":0.25760000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778241615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83303","display_name":"Fortran","level":2,"score":0.25209999084472656}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3773656.3773687","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3773656.3773687","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Supercomputing Asia and International Conference on High Performance Computing in Asia Pacific Region","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3773656.3773687","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3773656.3773687","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Supercomputing Asia and International Conference on High Performance Computing in Asia Pacific Region","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7173836827278137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984426476","https://openalex.org/W2119133219","https://openalex.org/W2123186492","https://openalex.org/W2135169903","https://openalex.org/W2138680920","https://openalex.org/W2145851836","https://openalex.org/W2766598878","https://openalex.org/W2964326548","https://openalex.org/W3003185112","https://openalex.org/W3163312681","https://openalex.org/W3183757351","https://openalex.org/W4392931976"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Urban":[0],"air-mobility":[1],"systems":[2,78,210],"such":[3],"as":[4],"electric":[5],"vertical":[6],"take-off":[7],"and":[8,22,100,109,119,172,190,196,215],"landing":[9],"(eVTOL)":[10],"aircraft":[11],"need":[12,34],"full-vehicle,":[13],"six-degree-of-freedom":[14],"(6-DOF)":[15],"aerodynamic":[16,49,183],"simulations":[17,26,184],"that":[18,181],"can":[19,73,185],"handle":[20],"rotor-rotor":[21],"rotor-airframe":[23],"interactions.":[24],"Such":[25],"demand":[27],"extremely":[28],"high":[29],"computational":[30,57],"resources":[31],"necessitating":[32],"the":[33,37,167],"for":[35,193,203],"harnessing":[36],"power":[38],"of":[39,82,114,176],"emerging":[40],"heterogeneous":[41,76,209],"HPC":[42],"systems.":[43],"We":[44,65,111],"present":[45],"a":[46,55,91,142],"scalable":[47],"eVTOL":[48,178],"simulation":[50],"pipeline":[51],"developed":[52],"in":[53,132],"CUBE,":[54],"Fortran":[56],"mechanics":[58],"solver":[59],"built":[60],"on":[61,106,116],"Building-Cube":[62],"Method":[63],"(BCM).":[64],"also":[66],"show":[67,180],"how":[68],"minimally":[69],"intrusive":[70],"OpenMP":[71],"offloading":[72],"effectively":[74,104],"utilize":[75],"GPU-based":[77],"without":[79],"significant":[80],"rewrite":[81],"mature":[83],"production":[84],"codes":[85],"like":[86],"CUBE.":[87],"The":[88,198],"framework":[89],"combines":[90],"robust":[92],"CAD-to-BCM":[93],"mesh":[94],"process":[95],"with":[96,135],"lightweight":[97],"loop":[98],"restructure":[99],"data-layout":[101],"changes":[102],"to":[103,208],"scale":[105],"both":[107,117],"CPUs":[108],"GPUs.":[110],"evaluate":[112],"performance":[113,216],"CUBE":[115,126],"leadership-class":[118],"commodity":[120],"platforms.":[121],"On":[122,141,151],"Fugaku\u2019s":[123],"A64FX":[124],"nodes,":[125],"maintains":[127],"over":[128],"90\\(\\%\\)":[129],"parallel":[130],"efficiency":[131],"weak-scaling":[133],"tests":[134],"more":[136],"than":[137],"one":[138],"million":[139],"processes.":[140],"traditional":[143],"x8664":[144],"cluster,":[145],"we":[146,154],"see":[147],"similarly":[148],"stable":[149],"scaling.":[150],"GPU-equipped":[152],"systems,":[153],"achieve":[155],"similar":[156],"throughput":[157,173],"when":[158],"BCM":[159],"cube":[160],"granularity":[161],"matches":[162],"device":[163],"occupancy,":[164],"which":[165],"makes":[166],"trade-offs":[168],"between":[169],"MPI":[170],"offload":[171],"clearer.":[174],"Tests":[175],"self-propelled":[177],"configurations":[179],"unsteady":[182],"be":[186],"carried":[187],"out":[188],"quickly":[189],"accurately":[191],"enough":[192],"design":[194],"iteration":[195],"certification-by-simulation.":[197],"findings":[199],"provide":[200],"practical":[201],"direction":[202],"adapting":[204],"large-scale":[205],"CFD":[206],"programs":[207],"while":[211],"ensuring":[212],"codebase":[213],"continuity":[214],"portability.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-01-09T00:00:00"}
