{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7153934407","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772363.3798336","title":"\"It Talks Like a Patient, But Feels Different\": Co-Designing AI Standardized Patients with Medical Learners","display_name":"\"It Talks Like a Patient, But Feels Different\": Co-Designing AI Standardized Patients with Medical Learners","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7153934407","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772363.3798336"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3772363.3798336","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772363.3798336","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772363.3798336","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038725525","display_name":"Zhiqi Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4898-2521"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqi Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4898-2521","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125132919","display_name":"Guo Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guo Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0093-9188","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125250862","display_name":"Huarui Luo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huarui Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7107-1865","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119809234","display_name":"Dongyijie Primo Pan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongyijie Primo Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9830-1614","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Haoming Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1183-8191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoming Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1183-8191","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125107923","display_name":"Bingquan Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingquan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0182-6595","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061075100","display_name":"Jiahuan Pei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6951-8340"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiahuan Pei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6951-8340","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jie Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6791-104X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110987","display_name":"IIT@MIT","ror":"https://ror.org/01wp8zh54","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326","https://openalex.org/I4210110987"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Media Lab, MIT, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6791-104X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Lab, MIT, Boston, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110987"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057282504","display_name":"Benyou Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1501-9914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benyou Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1501-9914","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49702381,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.583299994468689,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.583299994468689,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.07779999822378159,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.0215000007301569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medline","display_name":"MEDLINE","score":0.29100000858306885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.5564000010490417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4772999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3375999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.29100000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.2574000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.24869999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.24060000479221344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.23810000717639923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.23479999601840973}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3772363.3798336","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772363.3798336","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.vu.nl:openaire_cris_publications/0227f72d-b2a1-46a0-b918-7916fe4b1d74","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/0227f72d-b2a1-46a0-b918-7916fe4b1d74","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401107","display_name":"VU Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Gao, Z, Zhu, G, Luo, H, Pan, D P, Tang, H, Zhang, B, Pei, J, Li, J & Wang, B 2026, \"It Talks Like a Patient, But Feels Different\" : Co-Designing AI Standardized Patients with Medical Learners. in N Oliver, D A Shamma, H Candello, P Cesar, P Lopes, V Artizzu, F Draxler, G Lopez, A V Reinschluessel, X Tong & P O Toups Dugas (eds), CHI EA 2026 : Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems., 20, Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings, Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 1-6, Extended Abtracts of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2026, Barcelona, Spain, 13/04/26. https://doi.org/10.1145/3772363.3798336","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.vu.nl:publications/0227f72d-b2a1-46a0-b918-7916fe4b1d74","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1871.1/0227f72d-b2a1-46a0-b918-7916fe4b1d74","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401107","display_name":"VU Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Gao, Z, Zhu, G, Luo, H, Pan, D P, Tang, H, Zhang, B, Pei, J, Li, J & Wang, B 2026, \"It Talks Like a Patient, But Feels Different\" : Co-Designing AI Standardized Patients with Medical Learners. in N Oliver, D A Shamma, H Candello, P Cesar, P Lopes, V Artizzu, F Draxler, G Lopez, A V Reinschluessel, X Tong & P O Toups Dugas (eds), CHI EA 2026 : Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems., 20, Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings, Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 1-6, Extended Abtracts of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2026, Barcelona, Spain, 13/04/26. https://doi.org/10.1145/3772363.3798336","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3772363.3798336","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772363.3798336","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7216342687606812}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1497781614","https://openalex.org/W1969770760","https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W1982927468","https://openalex.org/W2000191857","https://openalex.org/W2009683697","https://openalex.org/W2036488299","https://openalex.org/W2137045791","https://openalex.org/W2916904544","https://openalex.org/W2950504429","https://openalex.org/W3154415578","https://openalex.org/W3185315057","https://openalex.org/W4248809560","https://openalex.org/W4379017243","https://openalex.org/W4384500039","https://openalex.org/W4390918905","https://openalex.org/W4391035919","https://openalex.org/W4392645763","https://openalex.org/W4395689022","https://openalex.org/W4400348041","https://openalex.org/W4408559650","https://openalex.org/W4409747636","https://openalex.org/W4409889807","https://openalex.org/W7093362435"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Standardized":[0],"patients":[1,25],"(SPs)":[2],"play":[3],"a":[4,39,84],"central":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7],"clinical":[8],"communication":[9],"training":[10],"but":[11,41],"are":[12,76],"costly,":[13],"difficult":[14],"to":[15,57],"scale,":[16],"and":[17,50,64,82,96,110],"inconsistent.":[18],"Large":[19],"language":[20],"model":[21],"(LLM)\u2013based":[22],"AI":[23],"standardized":[24],"(AI-SPs)":[26],"promise":[27],"flexible,":[28],"on-demand":[29],"practice,":[30],"yet":[31],"learners":[32,60],"often":[33],"report":[34],"that":[35,75,98],"they":[36,66],"\u201ctalk":[37],"like":[38],"patient":[40],"feel":[42],"different.\u201d":[43],"We":[44,70],"interviewed":[45],"12":[46],"clinical-year":[47],"medical":[48],"students":[49],"conducted":[51],"three":[52],"co-design":[53],"workshops":[54],"with":[55],"them":[56],"examine":[58],"how":[59],"experience":[61],"SP":[62],"constraints":[63],"what":[65],"expect":[67],"from":[68],"AI-SPs.":[69],"identified":[71],"six":[72],"learner-centered":[73],"needs":[74],"translated":[77],"into":[78],"AI-SP":[79],"design":[80],"requirements":[81],"synthesized":[83],"conceptual":[85],"workflow.":[86],"Our":[87],"findings":[88],"position":[89],"AI-SPs":[90],"as":[91],"tools":[92],"for":[93],"deliberate":[94],"practice":[95],"show":[97],"instructional":[99],"usability":[100],"rather":[101],"than":[102],"conversational":[103],"realism":[104],"alone":[105],"drives":[106],"learner":[107],"trust,":[108],"engagement,":[109],"educational":[111],"value.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-04-13T00:00:00"}
